In utero Behavior of Human Embryos at the Spinal-Cord Stage of Development

Neonatology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Natsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Stage Of Development

scholarly journals In utero topographic analysis of astrocytes and neuronal cells in the spinal cord of mutant mice with myelomeningocele

2007 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-479
Author(s):  
Joaquim L. Reis ◽  
Jorge Correia-Pinto ◽  
Mariana P. Monteiro ◽  
Grover M. Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Topographic Analysis

Spinal cord-notochord relationship in normal human embryos and in a human embryo with double spinal cord

1993 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Saraga-Babi� ◽  
Vedran Stefanovi� ◽  
Jorma Wartiovaara ◽  
Eero Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Human Embryo ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Normal Human

scholarly journals Single cell transcriptome profiling of the human developing spinal cord reveals a conserved genetic programme with human specific features

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Rayon ◽  
Rory J. Maizels ◽  
Christopher Barrington ◽  
James Briscoe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Cell Transcriptome

AbstractThe spinal cord receives input from peripheral sensory neurons and controls motor output by regulating muscle innervating motor neurons. These functions are carried out by neural circuits comprising molecularly and physiologically distinct neuronal subtypes that are generated in a characteristic spatial-temporal arrangement from progenitors in the embryonic neural tube. The systematic mapping of gene expression in mouse embryos has provided insight into the diversity and complexity of cells in the neural tube. For human embryos, however, less information has been available. To address this, we used single cell mRNA sequencing to profile cervical and thoracic regions in four human embryos of Carnegie Stages (CS) CS12, CS14, CS17 and CS19 from Gestational Weeks (W) 4-7. In total we recovered the transcriptomes of 71,219 cells. Analysis of progenitor and neuronal populations from the neural tube, as well as cells of the peripheral nervous system, in dorsal root ganglia adjacent to the neural tube, identified dozens of distinct cell types and facilitated the reconstruction of the differentiation pathways of specific neuronal subtypes. Comparison with existing mouse datasets revealed the overall similarity of mouse and human neural tube development while highlighting specific features that differed between species. These data provide a catalogue of gene expression and cell type identity in the developing neural tube that will support future studies of sensory and motor control systems and can be explored at https://shiny.crick.ac.uk/scviewer/neuraltube/.

Assessment of Ultrastructural Neuroplasticity Parameters After In Utero Transduction of the Developing Mouse Brain and Spinal Cord

10.3791/59084 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lutz ◽  
Monika von Düring ◽  
Franco Corvace ◽  
Luzie Augustinowski ◽  
Anne-Kathrin Trampe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Developing Mouse Brain ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

102. THE EFFECT OF INSULIN ON EMBRYONIC STEM CELL PROGENITOR CELLS IN THE MOUSE BLASTOCYST

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
J. M. Campbell ◽  
I. Vassiliev ◽  
M. B. Nottle ◽  
M. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Stage Of Development

Human ESCs are produced from embryos donated at the mid-stage of pre-implantation development. This cryostorage reduced viability. However, it has been shown that this can be improved by the addition of growth factors to culture medium. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the addition of insulin to embryo culture medium from the 8-cell stage of development increases the number of ES cell progenitor cells in the epiblast in a mouse model. In vivo produced mouse zygotes (C57Bl6 strain) were cultured in G1 medium for 48h to the 8-cell stage, followed by culture in G2 supplemented with insulin (0, 0.17, 1.7 and 1700pM) for 68h, at 37 o C , in 5% O2, 6%CO2, 89% N2 . The number of cells in the inner cell mass (ICM) and epiblast was determined by immunohistochemical staining for Oct4 and Nanog. ICM cells express Oct4, epiblast cells express both Oct4 and Nanog. The addition of insulin at the concentrations examined did not increase the ICM. However, at 1.7pM insulin increased the number of epiblast cells (6.6±0.5 cells vs 4.1±0.5, P=0.001) in the ICM, which increased the proportion of the ICM that was epiblast (38.9±3.7% compared to 25.8±3.4% in the control P=0.01). This indicates that the increase in the epiblast is brought about by a shift in cell fate as opposed to an increase in cell division. The effect of insulin on the proportion of cells in the epiblast was investigated using inhibitors of phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K) (LY294002, 50µM); one of insulin's main second messengers, and p53 (pifithrin-α, 30µg/ml); a pro-apoptotic protein inactivated by PI3K. Inhibition of PI3K eliminated the increase caused by insulin (4.5±0.3 cells versus 2.2±0.3 cells, P<0.001), while inhibition of p53 increased the epiblast cell number compared to the control (7.1±0.8 and 4.1±0.7 respectively P=0.001). This study shows that insulin increases epiblast cell number through the activation of PI3K and the inhibition of p53, and may be a strategy for improving ESC isolation from human embryos.

Spinal cord transection in utero

BMJ ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (6149) ◽  
pp. 1437-1437
Author(s):  
I Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Spinal Cord Transection

Spinal cord transection in utero

BMJ ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (6146) ◽  
pp. 1231-1231
Author(s):  
G. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Spinal Cord Transection

A Case of Spinal Cord Injury That Occurred In Utero

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Kobayashi ◽  
Keisuke Kanda ◽  
Kenji Yokochi ◽  
Shigeru Ohki
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Cord Injury
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