The in vitro Distribution of Halofantrine in Human Blood and Plasmodium falciparum-Parasitised Red Blood Cells

Chemotherapy ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Cenni ◽  
Bruno Betschart
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells

Ultrastructural observations on the in vitro cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-915
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
A.R. Berendt ◽  
J. Tansey ◽  
K. Marsh ◽  
C.I. Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Process ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

In human malaria, the most serious clinical manifestation is cerebral malaria (CM) due to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathology of CM is thought to relate to the fact that red blood cells containing mature forms of the parasite (PRBC) cytoadhere or sequester to post capillary venules of various tissues including the brain. This in vivo phenomenon has been studied in vitro by examining the cytoadherence of PRBCs to various cell types and purified proteins. To date, three Ijiost receptor molecules have been identified; CD36, ICAM-1 and thrombospondin. The specific changes in the PRBC membrane which mediate cytoadherence are less well understood, but they include the sub-membranous deposition of electron-dense material resulting in surface deformations called knobs. Knobs were thought to be essential for cytoadherence, lput recent work has shown that certain knob-negative (K-) lines can cytoadhere. In the present study, we have used electron microscopy to re-examine the interactions between K+ PRBCs and both C32 amelanotic melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).We confirm previous data demonstrating that C32 cells possess numerous microvilli which adhere to the PRBC, mainly via the knobs (Fig. 1). In contrast, the HUVEC were relatively smooth and the PRBCs appeared partially flattened onto the cell surface (Fig. 2). Furthermore, many of the PRBCs exhibited an invagination of the limiting membrane in the attachment zone, often containing a cytoplasmic process from the endothelial cell (Fig. 2).

scholarly journals Merocyanine 540-sensitized photoinactivation of human erythrocytes parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Smith ◽  
SA Dolan ◽  
JA Dvorak ◽  
TE Wellems ◽  
F Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Merocyanine 540

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the photosensitizing dye merocyanine 540 (MC540) as a means for extracorporeal purging of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes from human blood. Parasitized red blood cells bound more dye than nonparasitized cells, and exposure to MC540 and light under conditions that are relatively well tolerated by normal erythrocytes and normal pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells reduced the concentration of parasitized cells by as much as 1,000-fold. Cells parasitized by the chloroquine- sensitive HB3 clone and the chloroquine-resistant Dd2 clone of P falciparum were equally susceptible to MC540-sensitized photolysis. These data suggest the potential usefulness of MC540 in the purging of P falciparum-infected blood.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extracts on Plasmodium falciparum Strain NF54

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethel Kwansa-Bentum ◽  
Kojo Agyeman ◽  
Jeffrey Larbi-Akor ◽  
Claudia Anyigba ◽  
Regina Appiah-Opong
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

Background. Malaria is one of the most important life-threatening infectious diseases in the tropics. In spite of the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapy, reports on reduced sensitivity of the parasite to artemisinin in Cambodia and Thailand warrants screening for new potential antimalarial drugs for future use. Ghanaian herbalists claim that Polyalthia longifolia has antimalarial activity. Therefore, antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxic effects, and antioxidant and phytochemical properties of P. longifolia leaf extract were investigated in this study. Methodology/Principal Findings. Aqueous, 70% hydroethanolic and ethyl acetate leaf extracts were prepared using standard procedures. Antiplasmodial activity was assessed in vitro by using chloroquine-sensitive malaria parasite strain NF54. The SYBR® Green and tetrazolium-based calorimetric assays were used to measure parasite growth inhibition and cytotoxicity, respectively, after extract treatment. Total antioxidant activity was evaluated using a free radical scavenging assay. Results obtained showed that extracts protected red blood cells against Plasmodium falciparum mediated damage. Fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 24.0±1.08 μg/ml, 22.5±0.12 μg/ml, and 9.5±0.69 μg/ml for aqueous, hydroethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. Flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were present in the hydroethanolic extract, whereas only the latter was observed in the aqueous extract. Aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts showed stronger antioxidant activities compared to the ethyl acetate extract. Conclusions/Significance. The extracts of P. longifolia have antiplasmodial properties and low toxicities to human red blood cells. The extracts could be developed as useful alternatives to antimalarial drugs. These results support claims of the herbalists that decoctions of P. longifolia are useful antimalarial agents.

Adsorption of Carbon-14 Dextran to Human Blood Platelets and Red Blood Cells, in Vitro

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ROTHMAN ◽  
E. ADELSON ◽  
A. SCHWEBEL ◽  
R. D. LANGDELL
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Human Blood Platelets

scholarly journals Identification of Proteins from Plasmodium falciparum That Are Homologous to Reticulocyte Binding Proteins inPlasmodium vivax

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 1084-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Triglia ◽  
Jenny Thompson ◽  
Sonia R. Caruana ◽  
Mauro Delorenzi ◽  
Terry Speed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Merozoite Invasion ◽  
Genome Databases

ABSTRACT Plasmodium falciparum infections can be fatal, whileP. vivax infections usually are not. A possible factor involved in the greater virulence of P. falciparum is that this parasite grows in red blood cells (RBCs) of all maturities whereasP. vivax is restricted to growth in reticulocytes, which represent only approximately 1% of total RBCs in the periphery. Two proteins, expressed at the apical end of the invasive merozoite stage from P. vivax, have been implicated in the targeting of reticulocytes for invasion by this parasite. A search of the P. falciparum genome databases has identified genes that are homologous to the P. vivax rbp-1 and -2 genes. Two of these genes are virtually identical over a large region of the 5′ end but are highly divergent at the 3′ end. They encode high-molecular-mass proteins of >300 kDa that are expressed in late schizonts and localized to the apical end of the merozoite. To test a potential role in merozoite invasion of RBCs, we analyzed the ability of these proteins to bind to mature RBCs and reticulocytes. No binding to mature RBCs or cell preparations enriched for reticulocytes was detected. We identified a parasite clone that lacks the gene for one of these proteins, showing that the gene is not required for normal in vitro growth. Antibodies to these proteins can inhibit merozoite invasion of RBCs.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of 25 Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones against Liver and Blood Stage Plasmodium spp

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2636-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassira Mahmoudi ◽  
Liliane Ciceron ◽  
Jean-François Franetich ◽  
Khemais Farhati ◽  
Olivier Silvie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii Yoelii ◽  
Effective Drugs

ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of 25 quinolones and fluoroquinolones against erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum and against liver stages of Plasmodium yoelii yoelii and P. falciparum were studied. All compounds were inhibitory for chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum grown in red blood cells. This inhibitory effect increased with prolonged incubation and according to the logarithm of the drug concentration. Grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were the most effective drugs, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of <10 μg/ml against both strains. Only grepafloxacin, piromidic acid, and trovafloxacin had an inhibitory effect against hepatic stages of P. falciparum and P. yoelii yoelii; this effect combined reductions of the numbers and the sizes of schizonts in treated cultures. Thus, quinolones have a potential for treatment or prevention of malaria through their unique antiparasitic effect against erythrocytic and hepatic stages of Plasmodium.

Effect of Different Fractions of Heparin on Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Invasion of Red Blood Cells in Vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Kulane ◽  
Birgitta Wahlin ◽  
Peter Perlmann ◽  
Hans-Peter Ekre ◽  
Lars Rombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Merozoite Invasion ◽  
Falciparum Merozoite

ROBUST IN VITRO REPLICATION OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM IN GLYCOSYL-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL–ANCHORED MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN–DEFICIENT RED BLOOD CELLS

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOVIT PATTANAPANYASAT ◽  
H. KYLE WEBSTER ◽  
KOSOL YONGVANITCHIT ◽  
NATAWAN PIYAWATTHANASAKUL ◽  
WANCHAI WANACHIWANAWIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol ◽  
In Vitro Replication

Conserved high activity binding peptides from the Plasmodium falciparum Pf34 rhoptry protein inhibit merozoites in vitro invasion of red blood cells

Peptides ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1987-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Arévalo-Pinzón ◽  
Hernando Curtidor ◽  
Magnolia Vanegas ◽  
Carolina Vizcaíno ◽  
Manuel A. Patarroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
In Vitro Invasion ◽  
Binding Peptides ◽  
Rhoptry Protein
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