Inhibitory Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Superoxide Anion Formation by N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine-Activated Inflammatory Cells in vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohiro Kurosawa ◽  
Tamotsu Ishizuka
Keyword(s):  
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Anion Formation

Increased superoxide anion generation and altered vasoreactivity in rabbits on low-potassium diet

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. H1955-H1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Yang ◽  
D. Y. Li ◽  
Y. F. Weng ◽  
J. Lynch ◽  
C. S. Wingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Potassium Depletion ◽  
Anion Formation ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Low Potassium

Potassium reduces blood pressure in populations at high risk of developing hypertension, which suggests that potassium depletion may increase vascular resistance. This study was designed to examine the effect of potassium depletion on thel-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in arterial tissues. New Zealand White rabbits were fed either a control diet, containing a normal amount of potassium, or a low-potassium diet for 1–3 wk. As expected, the low-potassium diet resulted in reduced serum and urinary potassium levels. Carotid arteries were excised, and their contractile and relaxant responses were determined in vitro. Carotid arterial ring contractile response to norepinephrine was enhanced, and relaxation in response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine and calcium ionophore A-23187 was attenuated, in rabbits fed low-potassium diet (all P < 0.01 compared with responses in rabbits fed control diet). The vasomotor responses were similarly altered in rabbits fed low-potassium diet for 1 or 3 wk. Both the enhanced contraction and attenuated relaxation were abolished by treatment of arterial rings with superoxide dismutase but not by treatment with l-arginine or indomethacin. Carotid artery rings from rabbits fed the low-potassium diet showed ∼100% greater superoxide anion formation than those from rabbits fed control diet ( P < 0.01), whereas plasma and urinary nitrite levels were similar in both groups of rabbits. These observations indicate that low-potassium diet enhances the sensitivity of the carotid artery to vasoconstrictor stimuli and reduces the sensitivity to endothelium-dependent stimuli. Attenuation of endothelium-dependent relaxation appears to be secondary to increased free radical generation, which may degrade nitric oxide. Altered vasoreactivity may underlie the genesis of hypertension in populations consuming diets low in potassium.

scholarly journals Euphorbia Factor L2 ameliorates the Progression of K/BxN Serum-Induced Arthritis by Blocking TLR7 Mediated IRAK4/IKKβ/IRF5 and NF-kB Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tang ◽  
Xiaolan Cheng ◽  
Shiyu Yi ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Human Pbmcs ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Murine Macrophages

Toll like receptor (TLR)s have a central role in regulating innate immunity and their activation have been highlighted in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). EFL2, one of diterpenoids derived from Euphorbia seeds, is nearly unknown expect for its improving effect on acute lung injury. Our present study aimed to investigate EFL2’s pharmacokinetic features, its therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis, and explored the potential anti-arthritic mechanisms. K/BxN serum transfer arthritis (STA) murine model was used to assess EFL2’s anti-arthritic effects. We also applied UPLC-MS method to measure the concentrations of EFL2 in plasma. The inhibitory effects of this compound on inflammatory cells infiltration and activation were determined by flow cytometry analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in vivo, and immunochemistry staining and ELISA in murine macrophages and human PBMCs in vitro, respectively. The mechanism of EFL2 on TLRs mediated signaling pathway was evaluated by PCR array, Western blot, plasmid transfection and confocal observation. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of EFL2, instead of oral administration, could effectively ameliorate arthritis severity of STA mice. The inflammatory cells migration and infiltration into ankles were also significantly blocked by EFL2, accompanied with dramatically reduction of chemokines mRNA expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In vivo PCR microarray indicated that EFL2 exerted anti-arthritis bioactivity by suppressing TLR7 mediated signaling pathway. In vitro study confirmed the inhibitory effects of EFL2 on TLR7 or TLR3/7 synergistically induced inflammatory cytokines secretion in murine macrophages and human PBMCs. In terms of molecular mechanism, we further verified that EFL2 robustly downregulated TLR7 mediated IRAK4-IKKβ-IRF5 and NF-κB signaling pathways activation, and blocked IRF5 and p65 phosphorylation and translocation activity. Taken together, our data indicate EFL2’s therapeutic potential as a candidate for rheumatoid arthritis and other TLR7-dependent diseases.

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pınar Ercan ◽  
Sedef Nehir El
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Grape

Abstract. The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, Malus communis), red grape (Papazkarası, Vitis vinifera) and cinnamon (Cassia, Cinnamomum) using an in vitro static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.51 mg/100 g), the highest procyanidin content was found in cinnamon (6432 ± 177.31 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05). The anthocyanin bioaccessibilities were found as 10.2 ± 1%, 8.23 ± 0.64%, and 8.73 ± 0.70% in apple, red grape, and cinnamon, respectively. The procyanidin bioaccessibilities of apple, red grape, and cinnamon were found as 17.57 ± 0.71%, 14.08 ± 0.74% and 18.75 ± 1.49%, respectively. The analyzed apple, red grape and cinnamon showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 544 ± 21.94, 445 ± 15.67, 1592 ± 17.58 μg/mL, respectively), α-amylase (IC50 38.4 ± 7.26, 56.1 ± 3.60, 3.54 ± 0.86 μg/mL, respectively), and lipase (IC50 52.7 ± 2.05, 581 ± 54.14, 49.6 ± 2.72 μg/mL), respectively. According to our results apple, red grape and cinnamon have potential to inhibit of lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes.

Inhibitory effects of epimedium herb water extract on the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
YC Oh ◽  
YH Jeong ◽  
WK Cho ◽  
SJ Lee ◽  
JY Ma
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

In Vitro Effects of Ethanol on Rabbit Platelet Aggregation, Secretion of Granule Contents, and Cyclic AMP Levels in the Presence of Prostacyclin

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Rand ◽  
Peter L Gross ◽  
Donna M Jakowec ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryEthanol, at physiologically tolerable concentrations, inhibits platelet responses to low concentrations of collagen or thrombin, but does not inhibit responses of washed rabbit platelets stimulated with high concentrations of ADP, collagen, or thrombin. However, when platelet responses to high concentrations of collagen or thrombin had been partially inhibited by prostacyclin (PGI2), ethanol had additional inhibitory effects on aggregation and secretion. These effects were also observed with aspirin- treated platelets stimulated with thrombin. Ethanol had no further inhibitory effect on aggregation of platelets stimulated with ADP, or the combination of ADP and epinephrine. Thus, the inhibitory effects of ethanol on platelet responses in the presence of PGI2 were very similar to its inhibitory effects in the absence of PGI2, when platelets were stimulated with lower concentrations of collagen or thrombin. Ethanol did not appear to exert its inhibitory effects by increasing cyclic AMP above basal levels and the additional inhibitory effects of ethanol in the presence of PGI2 did not appear to be brought about by further increases in platelet cyclic AMP levels.

The Effects of Brinolase (Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Aspergillus Oryzae) on Platelet Aggregation of Dog and Man

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 031-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. E Roschlau ◽  
R Gage
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Blood Platelet Aggregation

SummaryInhibition of blood platelet aggregation by brinolase (fibrinolytic enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae) has been demonstrated with human platelets in vitro and with dog platelets in vivo and in vitro, using both ADP and collagen as aggregating stimuli. It is suggested that the optimal inhibitory effects of brinolase occur indirectly through the generation of plasma fibrinogen degradation products, without compromising platelet viability, rather than by direct proteolysis of platelet structures.

Observations on the in vitro Effects of Chylomicra, Low-Density Lipoproteins and Phospholipids on Human Plasma Euglobulin Lysis

1963 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert R Pappenhagen ◽  
J. L Koppel ◽  
John H Olwin
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Soybean Phospholipids ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Complete Precipitation

SummaryData have been presented on the in vitro effects of human chylomicra, low-density human plasma lipoproteins, and partially purified preparations of various phospholipids on human plasma euglobulin lysis. Euglobulin lysis was found to be accelerated by preparations of mixed soybean phospholipids (aso-lectin), cephalin, phosphatidyl inositol, phophatidyl serine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. In contrast, it was found to be inhibited by preparations of human chylomicra, low-density human plasma liproproteins and lecithin. Inhibition of euglobulin lysis produced by any of these three agents could be diminished or completely overcome by the simultaneous presence of suitable levels of any one of the accelerating agents. In all cases studied, both inhibitory and accelerating effects were observed to be concentration-dependent. Evidence has been obtained to suggest that in the case of the accelerating agents the observed increased rate of euglobulin lysis is not a direct effect on lysis itself, but rather is due to more complete precipitation of plasminogen in the presence of these substances. On the other hand, it appears that the inhibitory effects observed are not related to the extent of plasminogen precipitation, but are actually true inhibitions of euglobulin lysis. The possible clinical significance of some of these observations has been briefly discussed.

Inhibitory effects of Chinese herbal formula Bingdeling on four common bacteria in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-214
Author(s):  
Hong QIAN ◽  
Nong XIAO ◽  
Zhi-feng QIN ◽  
Yan-jun LIU ◽  
Yi-jun SHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Chinese Herbal Formula ◽  
Chinese Herbal
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