scholarly journals Early Signaling by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Placental Growth Factor in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Cells Is Mediated by Superoxide

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Manya Dhar-Mascareno ◽  
Eduardo Mascareno ◽  
David W. Golde
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Model of competitive binding of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor to VEGF receptors on endothelial cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (1) ◽  
pp. H153-H164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feilim Mac Gabhann ◽  
Aleksander S. Popel
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Placental growth factor (PlGF) competes with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for binding to VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1 but does not bind VEGFR2. Experiments show that PlGF can augment the response to VEGF in pathological angiogenesis and in models of endothelial cell survival, migration, and proliferation. This synergy has been hypothesized to be due to a combination of the following: signaling by PlGF through VEGFR1 and displacement of VEGF from VEGFR1 to VEGFR2 by PlGF, causing increased signaling through VEGFR2. In this study, the relative contribution of PlGF-induced VEGF displacement to the synergy is quantified using a mathematical model of ligand-receptor binding to examine the effect on ligand-receptor complex formation of VEGF and PlGF acting together. Parameters specific to the VEGF-PlGF system are used based on existing data. The model is used to simulate in silico a specific in vitro experiment in which VEGF-PlGF synergy is observed. We show that, whereas a significant change in the formation of endothelial surface growth factor-VEGFR1 complexes is predicted in the presence of PlGF, the increase in the number of VEGFR2-containing signaling complexes is less significant; these results were shown to be robust to significant variation in the kinetic parameters of the model. Synergistic effects observed in that experiment thus appear unlikely to be due to VEGF displacement but to a shift from VEGF-VEGFR1 to PlGF-VEGFR1 complexes and an increase in total VEGFR1 complexes. These results suggest that VEGFR1 signaling can be functional in adult-derived endothelial cells.

Stromal-Derived Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Synergistically Induce Mesenchymal Stem Cells To Differentiate into Endothelial Cells in Hypoxia Condition, which Incorporated Tumor Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2575-2575
Author(s):  
Gexiu Liu ◽  
Dongmei He ◽  
Yanhui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Positive Ratio ◽  
Vasculogenesis And Angiogenesis ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract INTRODUCTION: High level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal-derived factor (SDF-1) are often expressed in many carcinoma tissues that are accompanied by intense neovascularization. VEGF is a key regulator of blood vessel formation during both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in peripheral blood that are released from the bone marrow can be strongly attracted by SDF-1. Low oxygen tension is thought to be an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. To examine tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment, we studied that SDF-1 and VEGF both can induce MSCs to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) in hypoxia condition. METHODS: Adult Sprague-Dawley rat bone marrow MSCs were purified and maintained in DMEM/F12 containing 10% FBS, and were characterized by high expression of CD44, the lack of CD45 and CD11b molecules, their typical spindle-shaped morphology, together with their ability to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells. Subconfluent MSCs were used, were maintained with DMEM/F12 containing 10% FBS in hypoxia condition (93% N2 + 2% O2 +5% CO2), and were treated with or without VEGF and/or SDF-1. During induction, cell morphology, the vascular endothelial markers VE-cadherin and von Willebrand factor (vWF), and mesenchymal cell marker CD44 were observed. After induction, functions of cells were examined. RESULTS: MSCs treated with both VEGF and SDF-1 for 7 days in hypoxic condition changed morphologically and adopted a caudate appearance with rod-shaped microtubulated structures resembling Weibel-Palade bodies, and formed mature endothelial cell tubules in Matrigel(R) cultures after 15 days. Almost every cell expressed VE-cadherin and vWF [(98.32±1.39)%], but CD44 expression was markedly down-regulated. Functional characteristics of vWF release upon histamine stimulation in response to hypoxia were indistinguishable between the MSC-derived endothelial-like cells and cultured mature ECs. The best condition for the differentiation was the combination of 0.3 nM VEGF and 100 ng/ml SDF-1 at a culture duration of 10 to 15 days. However, the positive ratio of both VE-cadherin and vWF in cells induced by different concentration of SDF-1 alone or VEGF alone was lower [(8.35±2.89)% and (27.33±3.26)%, respectively]. The positive ratio of both VE-cadherin and vWF in cells induced by the best combination of 0.3 nM VEGF and 100 ng/ml SDF-1 in normoxic culture condition was (34.91±3.47)%. Finally, in xenogenic transplantation studies using a SCID mouse model, non-small cell lung cancer cells were injected subcutaneously with the MSC-derived endothelial-like cells induced by the best condition. As a result, co-transplantation of the cells promoted the formation of blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry and FISH analysis showed that the MSC-derived cells incorporated tumor vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: Stromal-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor synergistically induce bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into endothelial cells in hypoxia condition, which incorporated tumor vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. These results suggest that targeting MSCs-derived angiogenesis might be a novel efficient antiangiogenesis strategy to treat cancer.

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