DECLINE IN GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN THE BRAIN IN NEURONAL CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS (NCL) IN ENGLISH SETTER --- EVIDENCE BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET)

Gerontology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kitani ◽  
M. Senda ◽  
H. Toyama ◽  
K. Miyasaka ◽  
S. Kanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

Astrocytes Couple Synaptic Activity to Glucose Utilization in the Brain

Physiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre J. Magistretti ◽  
Luc Pellerin
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

Astrocytes have functional characteristics that make them particularly well suited to couple glutamate uptake from the synaptic cleft to Na+-K+-ATPase activation and glucose utilization. The changes in glucose metabolism associated with these processes may provide signals detected by positron emission tomography.

FDG and Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S16) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Mintun
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Excitatory Activity ◽  
The Brain

For over 20 years, researchers have used the tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. FDG PET imaging has been utilized to study the characteristic metabolic changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and as more molecular imaging tracers become available for human research, PET will likely assume many new roles for investigating more specific abnormalities, such as amyloid deposition, in the future.FDG is a glucose analog that images glucose metabolism and also illustrates neural firing. Different synapse activity, particularly excitatory activity from glutamate release, appears to change FDG uptake. AD will affect both brain infrastructure by decreasing the amount of cell bodies and synapses as well as decreasing synaptic activity, which are both changes that decrease the amount of FDG. AD is not a perfectly uniform process, and this is reflected by distinct progressive patterns of decreased FDG and decreased metabolism across different regions of the brain.FDG enters the brain via blood flow, and then into brain tissue by both diffusion and facilitated transport. Once it enters the glia and neurons, FDG can be phosphorylated, a step that is essentially irreversible, but then cannot be processed further by the cells, effectively trapping the FDG in situ. The amount of trapping that occurs in the brain over the first 10–20 minutes is very high and constitutes over 80% of the uptake. Thus, after the first 10–20 minutes uptake phase, a pattern of FDG emerges that mirrors the distribution of glucose metabolism in all subcortical and cortical structures.

scholarly journals Brain Activity Associated with Chronic Cancer Pain

2010 ◽  
Vol 5;13 (5;9) ◽  
pp. E342-E342
Author(s):  
Asokumar Buvanendran
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Affective Pain ◽  
The Brain

Background: The number of neuroimaging studies that examine chronic pain are relatively small, and it is clear that different chronic pain conditions activate diverse regions of the brain. Objective: Cancer patients presenting for diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were asked to rate their spontaneous baseline pain score. Twenty patients with either no pain (NRS = 0) or with moderate to severe pain (NRS ≥ 4) were invited to participate in this study to determine the difference in brain activity in cancer patients with moderate to severe chronic pain versus no pain. Study Design: Prospective, non-randomized, observational report. Setting: Academic medical center. Methods: Patients had a 2-D PET scan with the radionuclide 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) at a dose of approximately 20 mCi. Each individual raw PET scan was coregistered and normalized to standard stereotactic space. Differences in regional glucose metabolism were then statistically compared between patients with moderate-to-severe pain and patients with no pain. Results: The NRS pain score in the patients with moderate to severe pain (n = 11) was 4.5 [4.0- 6.0] (median[interquartile range]) versus 0.0 [0.0-0.0] (p < 0.001) in the group with no pain (n = 9). Compared to patients with no pain, patients with moderate to severe pain had increased glucose metabolism bilaterally in the prefrontal cortex, BA 9-11. Unilateral activation was found in the right parietal precuneus cortex, BA 7. There were no areas of the brain in which there was decreased activity due to moderate to severe pain. Conclusions: Our results showing a preferential activation of the prefrontal cortex are consistent with results from studies showing that affective pain perception and negative emotions play an important part in the chronic pain experience. Limitations: This was not a randomized clinical trial. Patient medication was not controlled. Key words: chronic pain, cancer pain, positron emission tomography, brain imaging, prefrontal cortex, affective pain, negative emotions

Sherpa brain glucose metabolism and defense adaptations against chronic hypoxia

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 1355-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Hochachka ◽  
C. M. Clark ◽  
C. Monge ◽  
C. Stanley ◽  
W. D. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
The Brain

The brain of hypoxia-tolerant vertebrates is known to survive extreme oxygen limitation at least in part because of very low rats of ATP utilization and ATP production. To asses whether similar adaptations are involved in healthy humans during hypoxia adaptation over generational time, we initially used positron-emission tomography measurements of glucose metabolic rates in the brain of Quechuas, whose ancestors have been indigenous to the Andes at altitudes between approximately 3,300 and 4,500 m for several hundred years. Workers in this field generally believe that the lineage of Sherpas has been indigenous to the Himalayas for even longer and that Sherpas and other peoples indigenous to the Tibetan plateau are perhaps the most exquisitely hypoxia adapted of all humans. For this reason, in this study we extended our database to include Sherpas. With the use of the same protocol as before, two metabolic states were analyzed: 1) the presumed normal (hypoxia-adapted) state, monitored as soon as possible after subjects left the Himalayas and 2) the deacclimated state, monitored after 3 wk at low altitudes. Positron-emission tomography measurements of 2-[18F]deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose metabolic rates, quantified in 26 regions of the brain, indicated that the Sherpas' brain metabolism differed significantly from that of Quechuas but was essentially identical to that of lowlanders. Region-by-region patterns were similar in all three groups, indicating that the regional organization of glucose metabolism in the brain is a conservative, relatively constant characteristic.

Imaging the Effects of Propofol on Human Cerebral Glucose Metabolism Using Positron Emission Tomography

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1305-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Sun ◽  
H Zhang ◽  
C Gao ◽  
G Zhang ◽  
L Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scanning ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
The Brain

The effects of propofol on glucose metabolism in different cerebral regions were observed, using positron emission tomography (PET) technology, to determine a possible cerebral target region. Seven healthy volunteers were injected with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose developing agent for PET scanning whilst awake (control group T1), during sedation (induced by 1.5 μg/ml propofol administered by target controlled injection [TCI], group T2) and when unconsciousness (induced by 2.5 μg/ml propofol administered by TCI, group T3). Whole brain glucose metabolism was reduced during propofol anaesthesia; this was initially observed in the cortical areas at the lower dose of propofol (group T2) but extended to the subcortical regions, especially the thalamus and hippocampus, at the higher dose (group T3). This suggests that these regions of the brain might be important targets that are susceptible to propofol.

The First Positron Emission Tomography Study of the Brain of Patients with Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Ilmira Gazizova
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Brain

Aim: To determine the location and pattern of changes in the rate of glucose metabolism in brain structures according to positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: Nine patients with initial, developed and advanced stages of glaucoma were examined. The control group consisted of patients of a similar age group without signs of glaucoma. The PET study was performed on an Optima 560 PET / CT scanner. 30-40 minutes before the start of the scan, the patient was given an intravenous radiopharmaceutical (RP) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). During the accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical, the patient was in a room with dim light, with a low noise level and minimal motor activity. Results: When conducting PET with 18F-FDG, a change in the rate of glucose metabolism (RGM) was recorded in the form of a decrease in RGM in the upper parietal lobe, lower parietal lobe and precuneus (the inner part of the parietal cortex), as well as an increase in RGM of the prefrontal cortex, sensorimotor cortex. Signs of a change in RGM in the posterior region of the lumbar cortex, in the nuclei of the caudate nuclei and in the optic thalamus were also revealed. Similar data on changes in the rate of glucose metabolism in brain neurons that we recorded in patients with POAG are usually recorded in patients with other neurodegenerative diseases. Findings: Undoubtedly, the revealed changes in the rate of glucose metabolism in the neurons of the brain of patients with POAG indicate the affinity of this nosology with other neurodegenerative diseases and reveal the basis of disorders (visual, cognitive, autonomic) associated with changes in the central nervous system in patients with POAG. Research in this direction needs to be continued.

Positron emission tomography in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (Jansky-Bielschowsky disease): a case report

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Iannetti ◽  
Cristina Messa ◽  
Alberto Spalice ◽  
Giovanni Lucignani ◽  
Ferruccio Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ◽  
Positron Emission
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document