Microaneurysm Turnover Is a Biomarker for Diabetic Retinopathy Progression to Clinically Significant Macular Edema: Findings for Type 2 Diabetics with Nonproliferative Retinopathy

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrina Nunes ◽  
Isabel Pires ◽  
Andreia Rosa ◽  
Lilianne Duarte ◽  
Rui Bernardes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

scholarly journals Retinopathy Phenotypes in Type 2 Diabetes with Different Risks for Macular Edema and Proliferative Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines P. Marques ◽  
Maria H. Madeira ◽  
Ana L. Messias ◽  
Torcato Santos ◽  
António C-V. Martinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

Our group reported that three diabetic retinopathy (DR) phenotypes: A, characterized by low microaneurysm turnover (MAT < 6) and normal central retinal thickness (CRT); B, low MAT (<6) and increased CRT, and C, high MAT (≥6), present different risks for development of macular edema (DME) and proliferative retinopathy (PDR). To test these findings, 212 persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mild nonproliferative retinopathy (NPDR), one eye per person, were followed for five years with annual visits. Of these, 172 completed the follow-up or developed an outcome: PDR or DME (considering both clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and center-involved macular edema (CIME)). Twenty-seven eyes (16%) developed either CSME (14), CIME (10), or PDR (4), with one eye developing both CSME and PDR. Phenotype A showed no association with development of vision-threatening complications. Seven eyes with phenotype B and three with phenotype C developed CIME. Phenotype C showed higher risk for CSME development, with 17.41 odds ratio (p = 0.010), compared with phenotypes A + B. All eyes that developed PDR were classified as phenotype C. Levels of HbA1c and triglycerides were increased in phenotype C (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, phenotype C identifies eyes at higher risk for development of CSME and PDR, whereas phenotype A identifies eyes at very low risk for vision-threatening complications.

scholarly journals Diabetic retinopathy with or without clinically significant macular edema: The influencing factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Barsha Suwal ◽  
Jeevan Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Sagun Narayan Joshi ◽  
Ananda Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest micro vascular complication in patients with diabetes and remains a leading cause of blindness in people of working age group. Objective: to determine the prevalence of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and the influence of systemic risk factors Materials and methods: It is a hospital based comparative study conducted in 220 eyes of 110 diabetic patients. DR was graded according to International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale and CSME was defined according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) system. The patients were grouped as 1) CSME group (DR and CSME in one or both eyes) and 2) Non- CSME group(CSME in none of the eyes but with any grade of DR).Level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and urine for albumin were studied in both groups. Results: CSME was present in 36% of 110 patients. Poor glycemic control and high total cholesterol level showed positive association with CSME (p<0.05). LDL and TG levels were higher and HDL lower in CSME group. However, no statistical significance was found. Conclusion: The CSME is significantly associated with poorer glycemic control and elevated total cholesterol level.

scholarly journals Management of Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Marieta Dumitrache ◽  
Rodica Lascu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Tractional Retinal Detachment ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Photocoagulation Laser

Management in D.R. through prophylactic treatment (maintaining a glycemic level as close as possible to normal, control hypertension <150/85 mmHg, hyperlipidemia) and curative treatment of D.R. does not cure the disease, but may slow the evolution of D.M. and D.R. AntiVEGF agents are indicated as adjuvant therapy in pan-photocoagulation laser and / or vitrectomy in patients with DR to block angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF. All antiVEGF agents are an effective treatment for the clinically significant macular edema. Photocoagulation laser is a treatment of choice in preproliferative and proliferative DR and an effective treatment of diabetic macular edema. The indications for laser treatment in diabetic retinopathy are related to the incidence, evolution of neovessels, duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, presence of macular edema, stage of DR. The laser for macular lesions reduces the risk of vision loss in the eyes with incipient and moderate non-proliferative DR and macular edema concomitant; the laser should be applied to all patients with clinically significant macular edema. Vitrectomy in proliferative DR is indicated in vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment in order to remove the vitreous hermorrhage and excision of tractional preretinal membranes.

scholarly journals Functional and Structure Outcome Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Diabetic Retinopatic with Clinically Significant Macular Edema at Bali Mandara Eye Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Adnya Swari ◽  
Ni Luh Diah Pantjawati
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: The increase in diabetics has an impact incidence of diabetic retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). DME due to changes in the blood retina barrier (BRB), causes fluid accumulation in the macula. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcome visual acuity and structure with optical coherence tomography (OCT) intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in DME with Clinically Significant Macular Edema (CSME). Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study. The study was conducted in the Department of Opthalmology, Bali Mandara Eye Hospital, Denpasar. Data were obtained from the medical records of all diabetic retinopathy patients with clinically significant macular edema who treated with IVB at Bali Mandara Eye Hospital in Denpasar January - December 2018. Result: Of the 52 subjects, improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) occurred in 26 (50.0%) subjects at the first month evaluation, 21 (40.4%) subjects at the third month, and 10 (19.2%) subjects at the sixth month evaluation. OCT decreased in 44 (84.6%) subjects at the first month evaluation, 16 (30.8%) subjects at the third month, and 14 (26.9%) subjects at the sixth month evaluation. Conclusion: There are visual acuity improvement and central retinal thickness reduction at 6 months after IVB injection. These results strengthen IVB injection to be an alternative therapy in DME with CSME.   

Photocoagulation for Diabetic Macular Edema

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Alan D. Penman ◽  
Kimberly W. Crowder ◽  
William M. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Argon Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) was a randomized clinical trial involving nearly four thousand diabetic patients with early proliferative retinopathy, moderate to severe nonproliferative retinopathy, and/or diabetic macular edema in each eye. This paper (ETDRS report number 1) describes the findings in the subgroup of eyes in the ETDRS that were identified as having mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. The analysis showed that immediate focal argon laser photocoagulation of “clinically significant” diabetic macular edema substantially reduced the risk of visual loss, increased the chance of visual improvement, decreased the frequency of persistent macular edema, and caused only minor visual field losses. The authors recommended immediate focal argon laser photocoagulation for all eyes with clinically significant macular edema and mild or moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, regardless of the level of visual acuity.

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