Age-Related Decline in Cell-Mediated Immunity in the C58 Leukemic Mouse Strain

Gerontology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen H. Bocchieri ◽  
Jennifer L. Sabol ◽  
Daniel K. O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Leukemic Mouse ◽  
Age Related

Age- and sex-related morphological and physiological differences influence escape capacity in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1021-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. De Neve ◽  
J. D. Ibañez-Alamo ◽  
M. Soler
Keyword(s):  
Escape Response ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Age And Sex

Sexual dimorphism and age-related differences are sources that contribute to morphologic and physiologic variation within animal populations. Measurement of animal performance may indicate whether this variation is functionally relevant. Our study aimed to experimentally test this statement in a captive population of House Sparrows ( Passer domesticus (L., 1758)) by examining age- and sex-related differences in escape response and its relationship to several morphological (tarsus, wing, tail lengths, and body mass) and physiological traits (cell-mediated immunity, natural antibodies, complement activity, hematocrit, and stress response). Escape response from a predator is considered a good variable to measure animal performance, because natural selection clearly favours individuals that avoid predators successfully. Our experimental design also aimed to standardize possible confounding factors affecting escape behaviour under natural conditions. We exposed sparrows to short episodes of high predation risk by simulating the attack of a predator and assumed that the capture order of individuals was related to their escape capacity. The optimal strategy was the immediate escape response for all individuals. We found that first-year males were the best escapers. In support of the hypothesis, juvenile males gathered a better optimum of several morphological and physiological characters that related to capture order.

Age-Related Decline in Thymic-Independent Immune Function in a Long-Lived Mouse Strain

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gerbase-Delima ◽  
J. Wilkinson ◽  
G. S. Smith ◽  
R. L. Walford
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Progressing the care, husbandry and management of ageing mice used in scientific studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Michael JA Wilkinson ◽  
Colin Selman ◽  
Lynn McLaughlin ◽  
Linda Horan ◽  
Lindsay Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Prior Information ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
End Points ◽  
Default Time ◽  
Background Strain ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Point

Driven by the longer lifespans of humans, particularly in Westernised societies, and the need to know more about ‘healthy ageing’, ageing mice are being used increasingly in scientific research. Many departments and institutes involved with ageing research have developed their own systems to determine intervention points for potential refinements and to identify humane end points. Several good systems are in use, but variations between them could contribute to poor reproducibility of the science achieved. Working with scientific and regulatory communities in the UK, we have reviewed the clinical signs observed in ageing mice and developed recommendations for enhanced monitoring, behaviour assessment, husbandry and veterinary interventions. We advocate that the default time point for enhanced monitoring should be 15 months of age, unless prior information is available. Importantly, the enhanced monitoring should cause no additional harms to the animals. Where a mouse strain is well characterised, the onset of age-related enhanced monitoring may be modified based on knowledge of the onset of an expected age-related clinical sign. In progeroid models where ageing is accelerated, enhanced monitoring may need to be brought forward. Information on the background strain must be considered, as it influences the onset of age-related clinical signs. The range of ageing models currently used means that there will be no ‘one-size fits all’ solution. Increased awareness of the issues will lead to more refined and consistent husbandry of ageing mice, and application of humane end points will help to reduce the numbers of animals maintained for longer than is scientifically justified.

scholarly journals Breadth and Functionality of Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein-Specific Antibodies Identified after Zostavax Vaccination in Humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Sullivan ◽  
Morgan A. Reuter-Monslow ◽  
Janet Sei ◽  
Eberhard Durr ◽  
Carl W. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Cell Spread

ABSTRACT Herpes zoster (HZ) (shingles) is the clinical manifestation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation. HZ typically develops as people age, due to decreased cell-mediated immunity. However, the importance of antibodies for immunity against HZ prevention remains to be understood. The goal of this study was to examine the breadth and functionality of VZV-specific antibodies after vaccination with a live attenuated HZ vaccine (Zostavax). Direct enumeration of VZV-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISPOT assay) showed that Zostavax can induce both IgG and IgA ASCs 7 days after vaccination but not IgM ASCs. The VZV-specific ASCs range from 33 to 55% of the total IgG ASCs. Twenty-five human VZV-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were cloned and characterized from single-cell-sorted ASCs of five subjects (>60 years old) who received Zostavax. These MAbs had an average of ∼20 somatic hypermutations per VH gene, similar to those seen after seasonal influenza vaccination. Fifteen of the 25 MAbs were gE specific, whereas the remaining MAbs were gB, gH, or gI specific. The most potent neutralizing antibodies were gH specific and were also able to inhibit cell-to-cell spread of the virus in vitro . Most gE-specific MAbs were able to neutralize VZV, but they required the presence of complement and were unable to block cell-to-cell spread. These data indicate that Zostavax induces a memory B cell recall response characterized by anti-gE > anti-gI > anti-gB > anti-gH antibodies. While antibodies to gH could be involved in limiting the spread of VZV upon reactivation, the contribution of anti-gE antibodies toward protective immunity after Zostavax needs further evaluation. IMPORTANCE Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles. Following infection with VZV, the virus becomes latent and resides in nerve cells. Age-related declines in immunity/immunosuppression can result in reactivation of this latent virus, causing shingles. It has been shown that waning T cell immunity correlates with an increased incidence of VZV reactivation. Interestingly, serum with high levels of VZV-specific antibodies (VariZIG; IV immunoglobulin) has been administered to high-risk populations, e.g., immunocompromised children, newborns, and pregnant women, after exposure to VZV and has shown some protection against chickenpox. However, the relative contribution of antibodies against individual surface glycoproteins toward protection from shingles in elderly/immunocompromised individuals has not been established. Here, we examined the breadth and functionality of VZV-specific antibodies after vaccination with the live attenuated VZV vaccine Zostavax in humans. This study will add to our understanding of the role of antibodies in protection against shingles.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in the Daily Rhythm of Photoreceptor Functioning and Circuitry in a Melatonin-Proficient Mouse Strain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e37799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenkichi Baba ◽  
Francesca Mazzoni ◽  
Sharon Owino ◽  
Susana Contreras-Alcantara ◽  
Enrica Strettoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in Humoral and Cell- Mediated Immunity in Down Syndrome Children Living at Home

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Lockitch ◽  
V K Singh ◽  
M L Puterman ◽  
W J Godolphin ◽  
S Sheps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Immunological Variation Due to Genetics of Inflammatory SNPs and Age and Impact on Disease Manifestation

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Burleson
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Different Strains

The immune system is a critical component in defense against viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal diseases. Immunological mechanisms, including immunological mediators, innate immunity, cell-mediated immunity, and humoral-mediated immunity, serve to maintain homeostasis and protect the host from disease. Immunological variation can impact defense mechanisms, however. Two factors in particular that can influence immune function are the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and aging. SNPs affecting inflammatory cytokines are an important modifier involved in a number of diseases such as asthma, periodontal disease, atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, psoriasis, and osteoporosis. Age-related alterations to the immune system have also been studied and documented. The genetic makeup of different strains of mice and the age of these different strains cause large differences in susceptibility to infection, with influenza virus infection among the most widely studied. The mechanism of these differences due to either genetics or age is not known but can be investigated in strain- and age-specific infectious disease models.

scholarly journals Immunosenescence in some but not all immune components in a free-living vertebrate, the tree swallow

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1612) ◽  
pp. 951-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G Palacios ◽  
Joan E Cunnick ◽  
David W Winkler ◽  
Carol M Vleck
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Tree Swallow ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Living Organisms

A wide diversity of free-living organisms show increases in mortality rates and/or decreases in reproductive success with advancing age. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying these demographic patterns of senescence are poorly understood. Immunosenescence, the age-related deterioration of immune function, is well documented in humans and laboratory models, and often leads to increased morbidity and mortality due to disease. However, we know very little about immunosenescence in free-living organisms. Here, we studied immunosenescence in a free-living population of tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor , assessing three components of the immune system and using both in vivo and in vitro immunological tests. Immune function in tree swallow females showed a complex pattern with age; acquired T-cell mediated immunity declined with age, but neither acquired nor innate humoral immunity did. In vitro lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by T-cell mitogens decreased with age, suggesting that reduced T-cell function might be one mechanism underlying the immunosenescence pattern of in vivo cell-mediated response recently described for this same population. Our results provide the most thorough description of immunosenescence patterns and mechanisms in a free-living vertebrate population to date. Future research should focus on the ecological implications of immunosenescence and the potential causes of variation in patterns among species.

Age-related changes in the PHA : CON A stimulatory ratios of cells from spleens of a long-lived mouse strain

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Meredith ◽  
Maria Gerbase-DeLima ◽  
Roy L. Walford
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Con A ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes
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