A Way to Select on Clinical Grounds Patients with High Risk for Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Analysis in a Nested Case-Control Study

Respiration ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Donnamaria ◽  
A. Palla ◽  
S. Petruzzelli ◽  
D. Manganelli ◽  
S. Baldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Circulating carotenoids and breast cancer among high-risk individuals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Chi Gao ◽  
Donghao Lu ◽  
Bernard A Rosner ◽  
Oana Zeleznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Background Carotenoids represent 1 of few modifiable factors to reduce breast cancer risk. Elucidation of interactions between circulating carotenoids and genetic predispositions or mammographic density (MD) may help inform more effective primary preventive strategies in high-risk populations. Objectives We tested whether women at high risk for breast cancer due to genetic predispositions or high MD would experience meaningful and greater risk reduction from higher circulating levels of carotenoids in a nested case-control study in the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS and NHSII). Methods This study included 1919 cases and 1695 controls in a nested case-control study in the NHS and NHSII. We assessed both multiplicative and additive interactions. RR reductions and 95% CIs were calculated using unconditional logistic regressions, adjusting for matching factors and breast cancer risk factors. Absolute risk reductions (ARR) were calculated based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence rates. Results We showed that compared with women at low genetic risk or low MD, those with higher genetic risk scores or high MD had greater ARRs for breast cancer as circulating carotenoid levels increase (additive P-interaction = 0.05). Among women with a high polygenic risk score, those in the highest quartile of circulating carotenoids had a significant ARR (28.6%; 95% CI, 14.8–42.1%) compared to those in the lowest quartile of carotenoids. For women with a high percentage MD (≥50%), circulating carotenoids were associated with a 37.1% ARR (95% CI, 21.7–52.1%) when comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of circulating carotenoids. Conclusions The inverse associations between circulating carotenoids and breast cancer risk appeared to be more pronounced in high-risk women, as defined by germline genetic makeup or MD.

scholarly journals Identification of high-risk patients for ADR induced by traditional Chinese medicine injection: a nested case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Jiang ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Dan Shou ◽  
Nani Wang ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The adverse drug reaction (ADR) of traditional Chinese medicine injection (TCMI) has become one of the major concerns of public health in China. There are significant advantages for developing methods to improve the use of TCMI in routine clinical practice. The method of predicting TCMI-induced ADR was illustrated using a nested case-control study in 123 cases and 123 controls. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) models, which mapped the influence of basic characteristics and routine examinations to ADR, were established to predict the risk of ADR. The software was devised to provide an easy-to-use tool for clinic application. The effectiveness of the method was evaluated through its application to new patients with 95.7% accuracy of cases and 91.3% accuracy of controls. By using the method, the patients at high-risk could be conveniently, efficiently and economically recognized without any extra financial burden for additional examination. This study provides a novel insight into individualized management of the patients who will use TCMI.

scholarly journals Abstract 4216: Adiponectin, leptin and breast cancer in high risk postmenopausal women: Results from a nested case-control study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Macis ◽  
Ivana Sestak ◽  
Valentina Aristarco ◽  
Harriet Johansson ◽  
Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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