Prolactin Stimulates and Potentiates Adrenal Steroid Secretion in vitro

1984 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Eldridge ◽  
John R. Lymangrover
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Adrenal Steroid

SEASONAL ADJUSTMENTS IN CAPTURED WILD NORWAY RATS: III. PRODUCTION OF ADRENAL STEROIDS IN VITRO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
J. S. Willmer ◽  
O. Héroux
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Seasonal Adjustment ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Norway Rats

The in vitro adrenal steroid secretion of wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) captured during the winter differed in quantity, but not in quality, from that of similar rats captured during the summer. Whereas there was no evident seasonal effect on adrenal weight either in males or in females, adrenals of both sexes secreted at a faster rate during the winter than during the summer, this increase involving the four groups of steroids characterized chromatographically during both seasons and in both sexes; the predominant steroid secreted was corticosterone. This seasonal adjustment in adrenal activity is similar to that observed in white rats kept in group cages exposed outdoors to the natural summer and winter environmental conditions, but it differs from that found in white rats cold-acclimated in the laboratory, in which adrenal activity is lower than normal after cold acclimation.

SEASONAL ADJUSTMENTS IN CAPTURED WILD NORWAY RATS: III. PRODUCTION OF ADRENAL STEROIDS IN VITRO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Willmer ◽  
O. Héroux
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Seasonal Adjustment ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Norway Rats

The in vitro adrenal steroid secretion of wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) captured during the winter differed in quantity, but not in quality, from that of similar rats captured during the summer. Whereas there was no evident seasonal effect on adrenal weight either in males or in females, adrenals of both sexes secreted at a faster rate during the winter than during the summer, this increase involving the four groups of steroids characterized chromatographically during both seasons and in both sexes; the predominant steroid secreted was corticosterone. This seasonal adjustment in adrenal activity is similar to that observed in white rats kept in group cages exposed outdoors to the natural summer and winter environmental conditions, but it differs from that found in white rats cold-acclimated in the laboratory, in which adrenal activity is lower than normal after cold acclimation.

scholarly journals Differential Steroid Secretion and Gonadotropin Response by Individual Tertiary Porcine Follicles in Vitro. Possible Physiologic Role of Atretic Follicles1

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Westhof ◽  
Karin F. Westhof ◽  
Wilhelm L. Braendle ◽  
Gere S. diZerega
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Physiologic Role

Effect of hydrocortisone dose schedule on adrenal steroid secretion in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

1985 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorg Winterer ◽  
George P. Chrousos ◽  
D. Lynn Loriaux ◽  
Gordon B. Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Adrenal Steroid

scholarly journals Effects of Melatonin on Peripheral Reproductive Function: Regulation of Testicular GnIH and Testosterone

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (9) ◽  
pp. 3461-3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette L. McGuire ◽  
Kristina Kangas ◽  
George E. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
European Starlings ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Local Inhibition ◽  
Gonadotropin Inhibitory Hormone ◽  
The Brain

Study of seasonal reproduction has focused on the brain. Here, we show that the inhibition of sex steroid secretion can be seasonally mediated at the level of the gonad. We investigate the direct effects of melatonin on sex steroid secretion and gonadal neuropeptide expression in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). PCR reveals starling gonads express mRNA for gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptor (GnIHR) and melatonin receptors 1B (Mel 1B) and 1C (Mel 1C). We demonstrate that the gonadal GnIH system is regulated seasonally, possibly via a mechanism involving melatonin. GnIH/ GnIHR expression in the testes is relatively low during breeding compared with outside the breeding season. The expression patterns of Mel 1B and Mel 1C are correlated with this expression, and melatonin up-regulates the expression of GnIH mRNA in starling gonads before breeding. In vitro, GnIH and melatonin significantly decrease testosterone secretion from LH/FSH-stimulated testes before, but not during, breeding. Thus local inhibition of sex steroid secretion appears to be regulated seasonally at the level of the gonad, by a mechanism involving melatonin and the gonadal GnIH system.

Self-inhibition of steroid secretion by amphibian adrenocortical cells is not mediated through glucocorticoid receptors

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Netchitailo ◽  
A. Larcher ◽  
F. Leboulenger ◽  
M. Feuilloley ◽  
D. Philibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adrenocortical Cells ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect

ABSTRACT To investigate a possible direct action of glucocorticoids on adrenal steroidogenesis, the effect of corticosterone on the conversion of pregnenolone into various metabolites by frog adrenal tissue was examined. Frog interrenal slices were incubated with [3H]pregnenolone (1 mCi/ml) and the various labelled metabolites analysed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. With the methanol gradient used, five identified steroids were resolved: progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone. Corticosterone (10 μg/ml) induced a 45–80% decrease in all steroids synthesized from [3H]pregnenolone. In contrast, the glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone did not reduce the rate of conversion of pregnenolone into its metabolites. In addition, the inhibitory effect of corticosterone was not reversed by the specific glucocorticoid antagonist RU 43044. These results show that corticosterone exerts a direct inhibitory effect on adrenal steroid secretion. In addition, our data indicate that the ultra-short regulation induced by corticosterone is not mediated through glucocorticoid receptors.

GnRH antagonist inhibition of gonadotropin and steroid secretion in boars in vivo and steroid production in vitro.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
E L Zanella ◽  
D D Lunstra ◽  
T H Wise ◽  
J E Kinder ◽  
J J Ford
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Steroid Secretion

Adrenal steroid receptor binding in spleen and thymus after stress or dexamethasone.

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. E405 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Miller ◽  
R L Spencer ◽  
M Stein ◽  
B S McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Immune Tissues ◽  
Intact Rats

Type I and II adrenal steroid receptor binding was measured in spleen and thymus of adrenalectomized (ADX) rats and intact rats at basal levels of corticosterone after 1 h of restraint stress or after exogenous administration of dexamethasone (DEX). Concurrent receptor determinations were made in the hippocampus and pituitary. Receptor binding measures in immune tissues and pituitary were less responsive to varying levels of endogenous hormones than binding measures in hippocampus. Compared with ADX rats, type I binding in spleen and pituitary of intact rats at basal levels of corticosterone was unchanged, whereas type I binding in the hippocampus was significantly decreased. Furthermore, despite peak levels of corticosterone, type II binding in spleen, thymus, and pituitary of stressed rats was also unchanged, whereas type II binding in the hippocampus of stressed animals was significantly lower. In contrast, DEX, a well-known immunosuppressant, reduced type II binding in immune tissues more than in the hippocampus. Because a decrease in receptor binding measured in vitro may reflect receptor activation in vivo, these results suggest that there may be considerable heterogeneity in the degree of activation of adrenal steroid receptor subtypes in immune, pituitary, and hippocampal tissue by endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids.

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