Diurnal Patterns of Plasma Triglycerides and Free Fatty Acids in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Endogenous (Type IV) Hyperlipoproteinemia

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schlierf ◽  
Wilma Reinheimer ◽  
V. Stossberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Diurnal Patterns

Factors Affecting Plasma Free Fatty Acids Rise during Hemodialysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mingardi ◽  
E. Branca ◽  
M. Cini ◽  
A.M. Codegoni ◽  
G. Mecca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Plasma Ffa ◽  
Acute Changes

We studied the mechanisms responsible for causing acute changes in plasma lipids during hemodialysis. Dialysis decreased plasma triglycerides to the same extent as when heparin was given without dialysis. Cholesterol increased in proportion to hemoconcentration. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels were also increased, but more so than with heparin alone. Glucose and acetate did not play a role, nor did carnitine loss, and hemofiltration elicited similar effects. The rise in plasma FFA is therefore likely to be caused by other as yet unknown mechanism.

scholarly journals Observations on the pattern on biohydrogenation of esterified and unesterified linoleic acid in the rumen

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Noble ◽  
J. H. Moore ◽  
C. G. Harfoot
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Diene ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

1. Studies have been made of the effects of different concentrations of either free or esterified linoleic acid on the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid by rumen micro-organisms in vitro. A comparison has been made with the changes which occurred in the fatty acid compositions of rumen free fatty acids and plasma triglycerides of sheep given intraruminal infusions of linoleic acid or maize oil.2. In the in vitro experiments, with increasing concentrations of 18:2 added as the free fatty acid, a decreasing proportion of this 18:2 was hydrogenated to 18:0 andtrans-11-octadecenoic acid accumulated. The accumulation of large amounts oftrans-11-octadecenoic acid was accompanied in all instances by the accumulation of a conjugated diene identified ascis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid. There appeared to be a product–precursor relationship between the conjugated diene and thetrans-11 monoene.3. When linoleic acid was presented in vitro as the triglyceride, the extent to which hydrogenation occurred was, in all instances, greater than when equivalent amounts of 18:2 were presented as the free acid. Only small amounts of thecis-9,trans-11 diene were detected, and there was no apparent product–precursor relationship between this conjugated diene and the C18monoenoic acids. The C18monoenoic acids that accumulated consisted of bothcisandtransisomers; thecisisomers consisted largely ofcis-9- andcis-11-octadecenoic acids, which together comprised about 30% of the C18monoenoic acids present.4. The infusion of free linoleic acid into the rumen of sheep resulted in an increase in the proportion of total 18:1 and a decrease in the proportions of 16:0 and 18:0 in the total rumen free fatty acids. This increase which occurred in the concentration of 18:1 consisted predominantly of thetrans-11 isomer. A concomitant increase in the concentration of the C18trans-11 acid was observed to occur in the fatty acids of the plasma triglycerides. Infusion of maize oil into the rumen of sheep resulted in little change in the fatty acid compositions of either the free fatty acids in the rumen or the triglycerides of the plasma.5. The findings in vitro and in vivo are discussed with reference to each other and with reference to the possibility that biohydrogenation of 18:2 derived from the triglyceride proceeds by a different pathway from that of 18:2 presented as the free acid.

scholarly journals Effects of free fatty acids on ACTH and cortisol secretion in anorexia nervosa

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Lanfranco ◽  
Laura Gianotti ◽  
Andreea Picu ◽  
Roberta Giordano ◽  
Giovanni Abbate Daga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Normal Women

Objective: Free fatty acids (FFAs) exert a stimulatory effect on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in animals and inhibit spontaneous ACTH and cortisol secretion in humans. Patients with anorexia nervosa display concomitant HPA axis hyperactivity and increased lipolysis. We studied the effects of a lipid load on ACTH and cortisol secretion in patients with anorexia nervosa in comparison with normal subjects. Design: Eight women with anorexia nervosa (ANW; means ± s.e.m.: 23.9 ± 2.3 years of age; body mass index (BMI): 14.9 ± 0.6 kg/m2) and seven normal women (NW; 25.6 ± 2.3 years of age; BMI: 22.8 ± 1.9 kg/m2) had FFA, ACTH, cortisol, glucose and insulin levels measured in the morning every 30 min for 180 min during i.v. saline or lipid-heparin emulsion (LHE) infusion. Results: During saline infusion, ACTH and cortisol levels decreased spontaneously in both groups, ACTH and cortisol levels in ANW being higher than in NW. LHE infusion led to increased FFA levels in both groups (P < 0.005). The ACTH and cortisol decrease in NW was more marked than during saline infusion (P < 0.05). LHE infusion in ANW was associated with a more pronounced decrease in ACTH levels than during saline infusion (P < 0.05), while cortisol levels were unchanged. At the end of the LHE infusion, a progressive decrease in FFA levels was associated with an increase in ACTH and cortisol concentrations in NW (P < 0.05) but not in ANW in whom FFA levels decreased to a lesser extent (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that corticotroph sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of an FFA load is preserved in patients with anorexia nervosa, in spite of persistent adrenal hyperactivity.

scholarly journals Modulation of basal glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity by growth hormone and free fatty acids during short-term fasting

2004 ◽  
pp. 779-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Norrelund ◽  
S Nielsen ◽  
JS Christiansen ◽  
JO Jorgensen ◽  
N Moller
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Glucose Turnover ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Stimulation Of

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The metabolic response to fasting involves an increase in circulating levels of growth hormone (GH) and free fatty acids, and resistance to insulin's actions on glucose metabolism. Stimulation of lipolysis and insulin resistance are well-described effects of GH. The present study was designed to test the degree to which the insulin antagonistic effects of GH on glucose metabolism are mediated through stimulation of lipolysis during fasting. METHODS: Seven normal subjects were examined on three occasions during a 40-h fast with infusion of somatostatin, insulin and glucagon for the final 18 h: (expt. i) with GH replacement, (expt. ii) with GH replacement and antilipolysis with acipimox, and (expt. iii) without GH and with antilipolysis. RESULTS: Basal glucose turnover was significantly reduced by addition of acipimox (rate of disappearance (Rd) glucose (mg/kg/min): 1.91+/-0.08 (expt. i), 1.69+/-0.05 (expt. ii), 1.61+/-0.08 (expt. iii); P<0.01), whereas insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was significantly increased (glucose infusion rate (M-value) (mg/kg/min): 1.66+/-0.22 (expt. i), 2.47+/-0.10 (expt. ii), 2.00+/-0.31 (expt. iii); P<0.05). Addition of GH during inhibition of lipolysis failed to affect basal and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism significantly. CONCLUSION: Thus, the present data provide strong evidence that the insulin antagonistic effects of GH on fasting glucose metabolism are causally linked to concomitant stimulation of lipolysis.

Accelerated Clearance of Plasma Triglycerides and Free Fatty Acids in ω3-depleted Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Carpentier ◽  
S. Peltier ◽  
L. Portois ◽  
J.-M. Chardigny ◽  
J.-L. Sébédio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides

Tu-P7:199 NO-1886 (IBROLIPIM) reduced plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids in fat-loaded Bama minipigs

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
H.J. Hou ◽  
W.D. Yin ◽  
Q.K. Li ◽  
M.B. Cai ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides

Acute Effect of Coconut Oil on Peak Forearm Blood Flow in Healthy Men: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides

Background: A high-fat meal can induce vascular dysfunction. Despite containing a high amount of saturated fats, coconut oil is claimed to have cardiovascular health benefits. However, the information regarding the acute effect of coconut oil on vascular function in humans is unknown. Objective: To determine the effects of coconut oil ingestion experiment (Coco) on peak forearm blood flow (FBFpeak) and plasma biomarkers in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Seventeen healthy young men completed two separate experimental visits, Coco and control experiment (Con) in random order. The outcomes were FBFpeak measured by venous occlusion plethysmography and biomarkers as plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids, and malondialdehyde. The outcomes were collected at baseline (12 hour fasting), 2-hour and 4-hour after Coco (45 mL) in the Coco visit and at the same timeline in the control visit. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the data between the two experimental groups and within the group. Results: FBFpeak at 4-hour was significantly increased from the baseline (24.2±4.7 versus 21.7±3.8 mL/100 mL tissue.minute, p=0.009). Plasma triglycerides at 2-hour (75±25 mg/dL, p=0.03) and 4-hour (72±22 mg/dL, p=0.039) were significantly increased from the baseline (65±20 mg/dL). Coco significantly increased plasma free fatty acids at 2-hour (125.1±60.3 μEq/L, p=0.042) and at 4-hour (166.9±35.3 μEq/L, p<0.001) compared to the baseline (87.2±34.0 μEq/L). There were no significant changes in vascular resistance and plasma malondialdehyde. Conclusion: Coconut oil augmented vascular function in healthy young men by increasing FBFpeak despite the accompanying postprandial elevations of plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids. Keywords: Virgin coconut oil, Peak forearm blood flow, Vascular function, Saturated fatty acid, Medium chain triglyceride

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