Control Role of an Adult Male in a Captive Group of Lowland Gorillas

1982 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Hoff ◽  
Ronald D. Nadler ◽  
Terry L. Maple
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Captive Group ◽  
Lowland Gorillas

Role of ghrelin in the regulation of energy balance in adult male albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Naglaa Y. Nafeh ◽  
Mona A. Said
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Albino Rats

The possible protective role of curcumin on the toxic effect of nicotine in the lung of adult male mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-811
Author(s):  
Dorria A.M. Zaghloul ◽  
Esam Salah Kamel ◽  
Hekmat O. Abd el-Aziz ◽  
Mohammed A. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Mice

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphic role of the glucocorticoid receptor in chronic muscle pain produced by early-life stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174480692110113
Author(s):  
Paul G Green ◽  
Pedro Alvarez ◽  
Jon D Levine
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

Fibromyalgia and other chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes are associated with stressful early life events, which can produce a persistent dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress axis function, associated with elevated plasm levels of corticosterone in adults. To determine the contribution of the HPA axis to persistent muscle hyperalgesia in adult rats that had experienced neonatal limited bedding (NLB), a form of early-life stress, we evaluated the role of glucocorticoid receptors on muscle nociceptors in adult NLB rats. In adult male and female NLB rats, mechanical nociceptive threshold in skeletal muscle was significantly lower than in adult control (neonatal standard bedding) rats. Furthermore, adult males and females that received exogenous corticosterone (via dams’ milk) during postnatal days 2–9, displayed a similar lowered mechanical nociceptive threshold. To test the hypothesis that persistent glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the adult contributes to muscle hyperalgesia in NLB rats, nociceptor expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was attenuated by spinal intrathecal administration of an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) antisense to GR mRNA. In adult NLB rats, GR antisense markedly attenuated muscle hyperalgesia in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that increased corticosterone levels during a critical developmental period (postnatal days 2–9) produced by NLB stress induces chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in male and female rats that persists in adulthood, and that this chronic muscle hyperalgesia is mediated, at least in part, by persistent stimulation of glucocorticoid receptors on sensory neurons, in the adult male, but not female rat.

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