Organization of Forelimb Motoneuron Pools in Two Bat Species (Eptesicus fuscus and Myotis lucifugus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Ryan ◽  
J. Cushman ◽  
C. Baier
Keyword(s):  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus

scholarly journals Hepatic lipid signatures of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) at early stages of white-nose syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan L. Pannkuk ◽  
Nicole A. S.-Y. Dorville ◽  
Yvonne A. Dzal ◽  
Quinn E. Fletcher ◽  
Kaleigh J. O. Norquay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Pseudogymnoascus Destructans ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Big Brown Bats ◽  
Little Brown Bats

AbstractWhite-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emergent wildlife fungal disease of cave-dwelling, hibernating bats that has led to unprecedented mortalities throughout North America. A primary factor in WNS-associated bat mortality includes increased arousals from torpor and premature fat depletion during winter months. Details of species and sex-specific changes in lipid metabolism during WNS are poorly understood and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Given the likely role of fat metabolism in WNS and the fact that the liver plays a crucial role in fatty acid distribution and lipid storage, we assessed hepatic lipid signatures of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) at an early stage of infection with the etiological agent, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd). Differences in lipid profiles were detected at the species and sex level in the sham-inoculated treatment, most strikingly in higher hepatic triacylglyceride (TG) levels in E. fuscus females compared to males. Interestingly, several dominant TGs (storage lipids) decreased dramatically after Pd infection in both female M. lucifugus and E. fuscus. Increases in hepatic glycerophospholipid (structural lipid) levels were only observed in M. lucifugus, including two phosphatidylcholines (PC [32:1], PC [42:6]) and one phosphatidylglycerol (PG [34:1]). These results suggest that even at early stages of WNS, changes in hepatic lipid mobilization may occur and be species and sex specific. As pre-hibernation lipid reserves may aid in bat persistence and survival during WNS, these early perturbations to lipid metabolism could have important implications for management responses that aid in pre-hibernation fat storage.

Seasonal dynamics of the bat stomach worm, Longibucca lasiura (Nematoda: Rhabditoidea), in Alberta

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena N. Measures
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Aspen Parkland ◽  
Lasionycteris Noctivagans

One hundred and sixty-nine bats belonging to 6 different species and collected from 4 ecological zones (aspen parkland, boreal forest, grassland, and montane) in Alberta, Canada, during 1988 and 1989 were examined for helminths. Forty bats were infected with the stomach nematode Longibucca lasiura McIntosh and Chitwood, 1934. Sample size, prevalence, and mean intensity (with range in parentheses) of L. lasiura for the 6 species of bat were as follows: Myotis lucifugus, N = 130, 27%, 39 (1–121); Myotis ciliolabrum, N = 10, 10%, 1; Eptesicus fuscus, N = 6, 33%, 12 (2–22); Lasionycteris noctivagans, N = 2, 100%, 22 (5–39). Myotis evotis (N = 9) and Lasiurus cinereus (N = 3) were not infected. Longibucca lasiura was found in bats from all ecological zones except the boreal forest. This parasite was found in bats active during summer (June to August) and in hibernating M. lucifugus collected in September and April.

The duration of the period of hibernation of three species of vespertilionid bats. II. Laboratory studies

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2955-2961 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Twente ◽  
Janet Twente ◽  
Virgil Brack Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependency ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Big Brown Bat ◽  
Little Brown Bat ◽  
Eastern Pipistrelle ◽  
Vespertilionid Bats

Variation in the duration of the period of hibernation of three species of vespertilionid bats under laboratory conditions was great. Durations of the period of hibernation of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) ranged from less than a day to 908 h (37.8 days) at 5 °C and to 1227 h (51.1 days) at 2 °C. Those for the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) ranged from less than a day to 1398 h (58.2 days) at 5 °C and to 1827 h (76.1 days) at 2 °C. Those for Pipistrellus subjlavus (eastern pipistrelle) ranged from less than a day to 649 h (27.0 days) at 5 °C and to 864 h (36.0 days) at 2 °C. It is proposed that the tendency toward great variation is an inherent characteristic of the bats and is not a laboratory-induced artifact. Despite great variation, a temperature dependency of the frequency of arousal was demonstrated for E. fuscus, P. subjlavus, and M. lucifugus. Slopes of regression for E. fuscus, P. subflavus, and M. lucifugus derived from semilogarithmic plots of durations of the period of hibernation versus temperature are similar to each other and to those of hibernating ground squirrels. The regulating effect of temperature upon hibernation suggests that the frequency of arousal is controlled metabolically.

scholarly journals Assessment of Zoonotic Disease in Bat Populations of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
Joshua Portner ◽  
Colin Gillin
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
National Park ◽  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Western Equine Encephalitis

Many man-made structures within Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) provide suitable, if not ideal habitat for bats, especially the Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus) and the Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus). In 1995 and 1996, Tom Haraden (GTNP Naturalist) observed many maternity colonies of these species residing within park residences and other buildings. From these observations, this project was developed to expand the knowledge on the local bat populations in GTNP and assess the risk bats might pose to humans within the park buildings they share. Public health concerns are often associated with the status of wild animal populations as potential carriers for a number of diseases. Bats have previously been shown to carry vesicular stomatitis, western equine encephalitis and rabies. Although the ability for bats to carry these and other diseases has been established, there has not been significant research, other than work done with bat Rabies Virus, on the risk that bats and their diseases pose to the human populations. This is despite the presence of bats often living in close proximity to humans. The roofs and attics of manmade structures provide ideal habitat for bat species, especially Myotis lucifugus and Eptesicus fuscus. The ideal daytime bat roost is warm, generally over 90 degrees Fahrenheit, high off the ground to prevent predation, dry, in proximity to a source of water, with adequate sites for clinging or hanging. Nearly every building in Grand Teton National Park fits this description due to the age of the buildings and cracks for bat entrance are common as they require a hole as small as 1/2" to 1" in diameter to gain access. Vesicular Stomatitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, and Rabies Virus are zoonotic diseases that may be carried by bats. If bats of Grand Teton National Park carry these diseases, they would pose a potential risk to the wildlife, domestic animals (including livestock species), and humans living in and around Grand Teton National Park. This risk would potentially extend into the surrounding gateway communities and Yellowstone National Park. The species ranges for Myotis lucifugus and Eptesicus fuscus, the two principle species in this study, cover most of North America, leaving the potential dispersion of a disease over the entire continent and possibly even into South America if transmitted and carried by other bat or bird species. All three viruses cause disease in livestock species including pigs, horses, and cattle, and zoonotic infection in humans. Infections can cause production loss such as severe mastitis in dairy cattle or low weight gain in pigs from vesicular stomatitis, as well as disease in humans ranging from flu-like symptoms to death due to western equine encephalitis infection. Disease from Rabies Virus infection is fatal in all mammalian species, and Vesicular Stomatitis and Western Equine Encephalitis infection does not confer immunity. The aim of this study is to identify the potential risk of bats as carriers of these diseases to provide park managers with baseline information to pursue further disease study and establish structural bat exclusion measures, if needed. As with all park research, the results of this project will also provide information for educational programs.

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