Dynamic Change of the Vascular Wall from Transmural to Intercellular Passage of Red Blood Cells Observed in Splenic Regeneration

1990 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Splenic Regeneration

scholarly journals In Vitro Red Blood Cell Segregation in Sickle Cell Anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Clavería ◽  
Philippe Connes ◽  
Luca Lanotte ◽  
Céline Renoux ◽  
Philippe Joly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity

Red blood cells in sickle cell anemia (sRBC) are more heterogeneous in their physical properties than healthy red blood cells, spanning adhesiveness, rigidity, density, size, and shape. sRBC with increased adhesiveness to the vascular wall would trigger vaso-occlusive like complications, a hallmark of sickle cell anemia. We investigated whether segregation occurs among sRBC flowing in micron-sized channels and tested the impact of aggregation on segregation. Two populations of sRBC of different densities were separated, labeled, and mixed again. The mixed suspension was flowed within glass capillary tubes at different pressure-drops, hematocrit, and suspending media that promoted or not cell aggregation. Observations were made at a fixed channel position. The mean flow velocity was obtained by using the cells as tracking particles, and the cell depleted layer (CDL) by measuring the distance from the cell core border to the channel wall. The labeled sRBC were identified by stopping the flow and scanning the cells within the channel section. The tube hematocrit was estimated from the number of fluorescence cells identified in the field of view. In non-aggregating media, our results showed a heterogeneous distribution of sRBC according to their density: low-density sRBC population remained closer to the center of the channel, while the densest cells segregated towards the walls. There was no impact of the mean flow velocity and little impact of hematocrit. This segregation heterogeneity could influence the ability of sRBC to adhere to the vascular wall and slow down blood flow. However, promoting aggregation inhibited segregation while CDL thickness was enhanced by aggregation, highlighting a potential protective role against vaso-occlusion in patients with sickle cell anemia.

scholarly journals Restoration of intracellular ATP production in banked red blood cells improves inducible ATP export and suppresses RBC-endothelial adhesion

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (12) ◽  
pp. H1737-H1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett S. Kirby ◽  
Gabi Hanna ◽  
Hansford C. Hendargo ◽  
Timothy J. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Extracellular Atp ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediate ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Intracellular Atp

Transfusion of banked red blood cells (RBCs) has been associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Storage-induced alterations in RBC glycolytic flux, attenuated ATP export, and microvascular adhesion of transfused RBCs in vivo could contribute, but the underlying mechanisms have not been tested. We tested the novel hypothesis that improving deoxygenation-induced metabolic flux and the associated intracellular ATP generation in stored RBCs (sRBCs) results in an increased extracellular ATP export and suppresses microvascular adhesion of RBCs to endothelium in vivo following transfusion. We show deficient intracellular ATP production and ATP export by human sRBCs during deoxygenation (impairments ∼42% and 49%, respectively). sRBC pretreatment with a solution containing glycolytic intermediate/purine/phosphate precursors (i.e., “PIPA”) restored deoxygenation-induced intracellular ATP production and promoted extracellular ATP export (improvement ∼120% and 50%, respectively). In a nude mouse model of transfusion, adhesion of human RBCs to the microvasculature in vivo was examined. Only 2% of fresh RBCs (fRBCs) transfused adhered to the vascular wall, compared with 16% of sRBCs transfused. PIPA pretreatment of sRBCs significantly reduced adhesion to just 5%. In hypoxia, adhesion of sRBCs transfused was significantly augmented (up to 21%), but not following transfusion of fRBCs or PIPA-treated sRBCs (3.5% or 6%). Enhancing the capacity for deoxygenation-induced glycolytic flux within sRBCs increases their ability to generate intracellular ATP, improves the inducible export of extracellular anti-adhesive ATP, and consequently suppresses adhesion of stored, transfused RBCs to the vascular wall in vivo.

scholarly journals Pathogenetic therapy of vascular-platelet hemostasis disorders in canine acute spontaneous babesiosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
O. A. Dubova ◽  
A. O. Rudchenko ◽  
D. V. Feshchenko ◽  
A. A. Dubovyi ◽  
I. V. Chala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Crystalloid Solution ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Significant Deficit

The article presents the results of a study of the vascular-platelet hemostasis disorders processes in complications of canine acute spontaneous babesiosis, as well as a clinical trial of plasma substitute infusion for the purpose of identified disorders pathogenetic therapy. It was found that acute spontaneous Babesiosis is accompanied by complications in the form of subcompensated shock and a thrombogenic link of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC). This determines the potential risk of complications with a cautious prognosis. The basis for the diagnosis of complications is the establishment of the following changes: a significant deficit in the volume of circulating blood (a decrease in the hematocrit value, the volume of circulating plasma, the volume of circulating red blood cells, the specific volume of circulating blood), as well as significant changes in the functioning of the vascular-platelet link of hemostasis – thrombocytopenia against the background of an increase in the spontaneous aggregation ability of platelets and red blood cells, an increase in the wetting index of the vascular wall, which determines the thrombogenic state, and pronounced thrombocytopenia indicates the consumption of these shaped elements in blood clots. The described changes indicate the development of subcompensated shock and the thrombogenic component of DIC syndrome. Given the prognostic danger of established complications, there is a need for pathogenetic therapy of severe conditions. Infusions of plasma substitute solutions have been proposed to eliminate shock phenomena and the thrombogenic state of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. A clinical trial of intravenous administration of Rheosorbylact solution and a mixture of Rheosorbylact with Dipyridamole was conducted in a comparative aspect. It is shown that a mixture of Rheosorbylact 100 ml and Dipyridamole solution 0.5 % 4 ml in the form of infusions at a dose of 5 ml/kg of animal body weight per day for 3 days can bring hemodynamic parameters and parameters of vascular-platelet hemostasis to physiological ones within 48 hours compared to an infusion of Rheosorbylact solution in its pure form. The synergy of the crystalloid solution of Rheosorbylact and the disaggregating vasodilator Dipyridamole enhances the disaggregating effect of both drugs, and the crystalloid solution itself is able to restore the lost volume of circulating blood.

Presence of Rigid Red Blood Cells in Blood Flow Interferes with the Vascular Wall Adhesion of Leukocytes

Langmuir ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2363-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Gutierrez ◽  
Margaret B. Fish ◽  
Alexander W. Golinski ◽  
Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

Scanning electron microscopy of erythrophagocytosis by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
Victor Tsutsumi ◽  
Adolfo Martinez-Palomo ◽  
Kyuichi Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Scanning Electron

The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis in man. The trophozoite or motile form is a highly dynamic and pleomorphic cell with a great capacity to destroy tissues. Moreover, the parasite has the singular ability to phagocytize a variety of different live or death cells. Phagocytosis of red blood cells by E. histolytica trophozoites is a complex phenomenon related with amebic pathogenicity and nutrition.

Ultrastructural observations on the in vitro cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-915
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
A.R. Berendt ◽  
J. Tansey ◽  
K. Marsh ◽  
C.I. Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Process ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

In human malaria, the most serious clinical manifestation is cerebral malaria (CM) due to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathology of CM is thought to relate to the fact that red blood cells containing mature forms of the parasite (PRBC) cytoadhere or sequester to post capillary venules of various tissues including the brain. This in vivo phenomenon has been studied in vitro by examining the cytoadherence of PRBCs to various cell types and purified proteins. To date, three Ijiost receptor molecules have been identified; CD36, ICAM-1 and thrombospondin. The specific changes in the PRBC membrane which mediate cytoadherence are less well understood, but they include the sub-membranous deposition of electron-dense material resulting in surface deformations called knobs. Knobs were thought to be essential for cytoadherence, lput recent work has shown that certain knob-negative (K-) lines can cytoadhere. In the present study, we have used electron microscopy to re-examine the interactions between K+ PRBCs and both C32 amelanotic melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).We confirm previous data demonstrating that C32 cells possess numerous microvilli which adhere to the PRBC, mainly via the knobs (Fig. 1). In contrast, the HUVEC were relatively smooth and the PRBCs appeared partially flattened onto the cell surface (Fig. 2). Furthermore, many of the PRBCs exhibited an invagination of the limiting membrane in the attachment zone, often containing a cytoplasmic process from the endothelial cell (Fig. 2).

Phagocytosis of opsonized red blood cells by hepatocytes after gene transfer of chimeric Fc γR III Aα and γcDNA

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A356-A357
Author(s):  
M FURUKAWA ◽  
Y MAGAMI ◽  
D NAKAYAMA ◽  
F MORIYASU ◽  
J PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells
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