Thalamic Neurons in the Pigeon Compute Distance-to-Collision of an Approaching Surface

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-Feng Liu ◽  
Yu-Qiong Niu ◽  
Shu-Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thalamic Neurons

SCALING BEHAVIOR OF THE DENDRITIC BRANCHES OF THALAMIC NEURONS

Fractals ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUS-D. KNIFFKI ◽  
MATTHIAS PAWLAK ◽  
CHRISTIANE VAHLE-HINZ
Keyword(s):  
Growth Process ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Scaling Behavior ◽  
Neuronal Growth ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Dendritic Trees ◽  
Ventrobasal Complex ◽  
Dendritic Branches

The morphology of Golgi-impregnated thalamic neurons was investigated quantitatively. In particular, it was sought to test whether the dendritic bifurcations can be described by the scaling law (d0)n=(d1)n+(d2)nwith a single value of the diameter exponent n. Here d0 is the diameter of the parent branch, d1 and d2 are the diameters of the two daughter branches. Neurons from two functionally distinct regions were compared: the somatosensory ventrobasal complex (VB) and its nociceptive ventral periphery (VBvp). It is shown that for the neuronal trees studied in both regions, the scaling law was fulfilled. The diameter exponent n, however, was not a constant. It increased from n=1.76 for the 1st order branches to n=3.92 for the 7th order branches of neurons from both regions. These findings suggest that more than one simple intrinsic rule is involved in the neuronal growth process, and it is assumed that the branching ratio d0/d1 is not required to be encoded genetically. Furthermore, the results support the concept of the dendritic trees having a statistically identical topology in neurons of VB and VBvp and thus may be regarded as integrative modules.

scholarly journals Inhibitory action of nociceptin/orphanin FQ on functionally different thalamic neurons in urethane-anaesthetized rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Albrecht ◽  
Roman Blühdorn ◽  
Herbert Siegmund ◽  
Hartmut Berger ◽  
Girolamo Calo'
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Orphanin Fq ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats

scholarly journals Selective T-Type Calcium Channel Block in Thalamic Neurons Reveals Channel Redundancy and Physiological Impact of ITwindow

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Dreyfus ◽  
A. Tscherter ◽  
A. C. Errington ◽  
J. J. Renger ◽  
H.-S. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Channel Block ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Physiological Impact

scholarly journals Responses of thalamic neurons to itch- and pain-producing stimuli in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1119-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Lipshetz ◽  
Sergey G. Khasabov ◽  
Hai Truong ◽  
Theoden I. Netoff ◽  
Donald A. Simone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Column ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Transmission Of Information ◽  
Posterior Medial Nucleus

Understanding of processing and transmission of information related to itch and pain in the thalamus is incomplete. In fact, no single unit studies of pruriceptive transmission in the thalamus have yet appeared. In urethane-anesthetized rats, we examined responses of 66 thalamic neurons to itch- and pain- inducing stimuli including chloroquine, serotonin, β-alanine, histamine, and capsaicin. Eighty percent of all cells were activated by intradermal injections of one or more pruritogens. Forty percent of tested neurons responded to injection of three, four, or even five agents. Almost half of the examined neurons had mechanically defined receptive fields that extended onto distant areas of the body. Pruriceptive neurons were located within what appeared to be a continuous cell column extending from the posterior triangular nucleus (PoT) caudally to the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPM) rostrally. All neurons tested within PoT were found to be pruriceptive. In addition, neurons in this nucleus responded at higher frequencies than did those in VPM, an indication that PoT might prove to be a particularly interesting region for additional studies of itch transmission. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Processing of information related to itch within in the thalamus is not well understood, We show in this, the first single-unit electrophysiological study of responses of thalamic neurons to pruritogens, that itch-responsive neurons are concentrated in two nuclei within the rat thalamus, the posterior triangular, and the ventral posterior medial nuclei.

scholarly journals Selective increase in T-type calcium conductance of reticular thalamic neurons in a rat model of absence epilepsy

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 3110-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Tsakiridou ◽  
L Bertollini ◽  
M de Curtis ◽  
G Avanzini ◽  
HC Pape
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Calcium Conductance ◽  
Selective Increase

Properties of a T-Type Ca2+Channel–Activated Slow Afterhyperpolarization in Thalamic Paraventricular Nucleus and Other Thalamic Midline Neurons

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 2741-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Leo P. Renaud ◽  
Miloslav Kolaj
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Brain Slice ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Rat Brain Slice ◽  
Stimulation Of

Burst firing mediated by a low-threshold spike (LTS) is the hallmark of many thalamic neurons. However, postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs) are relatively uncommon in thalamus. We now report data from patch-clamp recordings in rat brain slice preparations that reveal an LTS-induced slow AHP (sAHP) in thalamic paraventricular (PVT) and other midline neurons, but not in ventrobasal or reticular thalamic neurons. The LTS-induced sAHP lasts 8.9 ± 0.4 s and has a novel pharmacology, with resistance to tetrodotoxin and cadmium and reduction by Ni2+ or nominally zero extracellular calcium concentration, which also attenuate both the LTS and sAHP. The sAHP is inhibited by 10 mM intracellular EGTA or by equimolar replacement of extracellular Ca2+ with Sr2+, consistent with select activation of LVA T-type Ca2+ channels and subsequent Ca2+ influx. In control media, the sAHP reverses near EK+, shifting to −78 mV in 10.1 mM [K+]o and is reduced by Ba2+ or tetraethylammonium. Although these data are consistent with opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, this sAHP lacks sensitivity to specific Ca2+-activated K+ channel blockers apamin, iberiotoxin, charybdotoxin, and UCL-2077. The LTS-induced sAHP is suppressed by a β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol, a serotonin 5-HT7 receptor agonist 5-CT, a neuropeptide orexin-A, and by stimulation of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway with 8-Br-cAMP and forskolin. The data suggest that PVT and certain midline thalamic neurons possess an LTS-induced sAHP that is pharmacologically distinct and may be important for information transfer in thalamic–limbic circuitry during states of attentiveness and motivation.

Activity of neurons in cerebellar-receiving and pallidal-receiving areas of the thalamus of the behaving monkey

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Anderson ◽  
R. S. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Cerebellar Nuclei ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Internal Globus Pallidus ◽  
Reaching Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lateral Nucleus ◽  
Initial Change

1. Thalamic neurons that receive synaptic input from the globus pallidus or the cerebellar nuclei were identified in awake monkeys trained to perform an arm-reaching task. The location of electrophysiologically identified cerebellar-receiving (CR) and pallidal-receiving (PR) neurons was used to identify a total of 264 thalamic neurons in cerebellar (CB) or pallidal (GP) regions of the thalamus. 2. Stimulation in the brachium conjunctivum or white matter adjacent to the cerebellar nuclei excited 85 neurons in the thalamus at short latencies. These CR neurons were located in the oral portion of the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPLo), in caudal portions of the ventral lateral nucleus (VLc), and in area X. 3. Stimulation in the internal globus pallidus (GPi) inhibited 10 thalamic neurons at short latency. These PR neurons were located in rostral portions of VLc, in the oral part of the ventral lateral nucleus (VLo), and in the parvicellular part of the ventral anterior nucleus (VApc). 4. There was no clear single somatotopic organization of neurons in CB and GP regions of the thalamus, as defined by "free-form" responses to passive manipulation and observation of eye movements. There was, in fact, a tendency for two representations, each, of the head/eye/mouth cells and cells with modifications of activity in response to manipulation of the arm. 5. During the hold period before illumination of a visual target, the mean firing rates and variability of discharge of arm-related CR and PR neurons did not differ significantly. This was also true for the total sample of arm-related neurons in the CB versus GP regions. 6. The activity of many neurons in both the CB and GP regions began to change before the reaching movement and, for some, before the earliest recorded changes in electromyographic (EMG) activity. The initial change was an increase in discharge for greater than 75% of the cells studied in both the CB and GP regions. 7. During the reaching task, there also was no significant difference in the time of the initial change in discharge of neurons in the CB versus GP regions of the thalamus. 8. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the initial task-related change in discharge of PR thalamic neurons is dominated by input from the cerebral cortex and that pallidal input modulates later phases of their movement-related changes in activity.

Effects of Characteristic Dendritic Tip Geometry on the Electrical Properties of Teleost Thalamic Neurons

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 2289-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Tsutsui ◽  
Yoshitaka Oka
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Thalamic Nucleus ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Thalamic Neurons ◽  
Synaptic Inputs ◽  
In Cells

Of the factors that characterize the properties and functions of neurons, dendritic geometry is one of the most critical. We used simulations employing the multi-compartment model to study the effects of dendritic tip geometry on the electrical properties of the “large cell” in a teleost thalamic nucleus from the corpus glomerulosum. We demonstrated a dramatic geometrical “boosting” effect; passive propagation of the synaptic inputs from the dendritic tip to the soma through the dendritic stalk is less attenuated in cells with larger tips.

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