Fast one-step procedure for the detection of nucleic acids in situ by primer-induced sequence-specific labeling with fluorescein-12-dUTP

1992 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Koch ◽  
J. Mogensen ◽  
S. Pedersen ◽  
H. Fischer ◽  
J. Hindkjær ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Catalytic β-Bromohydroxylation of Natural Terpenes: Useful Intermediates for the Synthesis of Terpenic Epoxides

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadia Oubaassine ◽  
Angela Köckritz ◽  
Reinhard Eckelt ◽  
Andreas Martin ◽  
Mustapha Ait Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step

In a one-step procedure, various β-bromoalcohols were synthesized from natural terpenes in good to excellent yields. Using different catalysts, the reaction was carried out at room temperature, with H2O as nucleophile and N-bromosuccinimide as a bromine source under mild reaction conditions. The synthesized β-bromoalcohols were subsequently converted in situ to the corresponding epoxides in good yields.

Efficient one-pot transformation of aminoarenes to haloarenes using halodimethylisulfonium halides generated in situ

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woonphil Baik ◽  
Wanqiang Luan ◽  
Hyun Joo Lee ◽  
Cheol Hun Yoon ◽  
Sangho Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Nitrite Ion ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Aryl Chlorides ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step ◽  
Copper Halides

Halodimethylsulfonium halide 1, which is readily formed in situ from hydrohaloic acid and DMSO, is a good nucleophilic halide. This activated nucleophilic halide rapidly converts aryldiazonium salt prepared in situ by the same hydrohaloic acid and nitrite ion to aryl chlorides, bromides, or iodides in good yield. The combined action of nitrite ion and hydrohaloic acid in DMSO is required for the direct transformation of aromatic amines, which results in the production of aryl halides within 1 h. Substituted compounds with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups or sterically hindered aromatic amines are also smoothly transformed to the corresponding aromatic halides. The only observed by-product is the deaminated arene (usually <7%). The isolated aryldiazonium salts can also be converted to the corresponding aryl halides using 1. The present method offers a facile, one-step procedure for transforming aminoarenes to haloarenes and lacks the environmental pollutants that usually accompany the Sandmeyer reaction using copper halides. Key words: aminoarenes, haloarenes, halodimethylsulfonium halide, halogenation, amination.

Exhaustive Reduction of Esters Enabled by Nickel Catalysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
sekar prakash ◽  
Adam Cook ◽  
yan-long zheng ◽  
Stephen Newman
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Nickel Catalysis ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Hazardous Metal

We report a one-step procedure to directly reduce unactivated aryl esters into their corresponding tolyl-derivatives. This is achieved by the action of a Ni/NHC catalyst and an organosilane reducing agent that is activated in situ by stoichiometric KOtBu. The resulting conditions provide a direct and efficient alternative to multi-step procedures for this transformation that often require use of hazardous metal hydrides. Applications in the synthesis of –CD3 containing products, derivatization of bioactive molecules, and chemoselective reduction in the presence of other C–O bonds is demonstrated.

Exhaustive Reduction of Esters Enabled by Nickel Catalysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
sekar prakash ◽  
Adam Cook ◽  
yan-long zheng ◽  
Stephen Newman
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Nickel Catalysis ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Hazardous Metal

We report a one-step procedure to directly reduce unactivated aryl esters into their corresponding tolyl-derivatives. This is achieved by the action of a Ni/NHC catalyst and an organosilane reducing agent that is activated in situ by stoichiometric KOtBu. The resulting conditions provide a direct and efficient alternative to multi-step procedures for this transformation that often require use of hazardous metal hydrides. Applications in the synthesis of –CD3 containing products, derivatization of bioactive molecules, and chemoselective reduction in the presence of other C–O bonds is demonstrated.

mRNA localization by Electron microscopic in situ hybridization

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
J. A. Pollock ◽  
M. Martone ◽  
T. Deerinck ◽  
M. H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Voltage Electron

Localization of specific proteins in cells by both light and electron microscopy has been facilitate by the availability of antibodies that recognize unique features of these proteins. High resolution localization studies conducted over the last 25 years have allowed biologists to study the synthesis, translocation and ultimate functional sites for many important classes of proteins. Recently, recombinant DNA techniques in molecular biology have allowed the production of specific probes for localization of nucleic acids by “in situ” hybridization. The availability of these probes potentially opens a new set of questions to experimental investigation regarding the subcellular distribution of specific DNA's and RNA's. Nucleic acids have a much lower “copy number” per cell than a typical protein, ranging from one copy to perhaps several thousand. Therefore, sensitive, high resolution techniques are required. There are several reasons why Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscopy (IVEM) and High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) are most useful for localization of nucleic acids in situ.

Ultrastructural analysis of the spatial distribution of MRNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
Gary Bassell ◽  
Robert H. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Gold Particles

We have been investigating the spatial distribution of nucleic acids intracellularly using in situ hybridization. The use of non-isotopic nucleotide analogs incorporated into the DNA probe allows the detection of the probe at its site of hybridization within the cell. This approach therefore is compatible with the high resolution available by electron microscopy. Biotinated or digoxigenated probe can be detected by antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold. Because mRNA serves as a template for the probe fragments, the colloidal gold particles are detected as arrays which allow it to be unequivocally distinguished from background.

Detection of Nucleic Acids in Cells or Tissue Sections Using In situ Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
J. R. Hully ◽  
K. R. Luehrsen ◽  
K. Aoyagi ◽  
C. Shoemaker ◽  
R. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
In Cells

The development of PCR technology has greatly accelerated medical research at the genetic and molecular levels. Until recently, the inherent sensitivity of this technique has been limited to isolated preparations of nucleic acids which lack or at best have limited morphological information. With the obvious exception of cell lines, traditional PCR or reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) cannot identify the cellular source of the amplified product. In contrast, in situ hybridization (ISH) by definition, defines the anatomical location of a gene and/or it’s product. However, this technique lacks the sensitivity of PCR and cannot routinely detect less than 10 to 20 copies per cell. Consequently, the localization of rare transcripts, latent viral infections, foreign or altered genes cannot be identified by this technique. In situ PCR or in situ RT-PCR is a combination of the two techniques, exploiting the sensitivity of PCR and the anatomical definition provided by ISH. Since it’s initial description considerable advances have been made in the application of in situ PCR, improvements in protocols, and the development of hardware dedicated to in situ PCR using conventional microscope slides. Our understanding of the importance of viral latency or viral burden in regards to HIV, HPV, and KSHV infections has benefited from this technique, enabling detection of single viral copies in cells or tissue otherwise thought to be normal. Clearly, this technique will be useful tool in pathobiology especially carcinogenesis, gene therapy and manipulations, the study of rare gene transcripts, and forensics.

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