Sequence of centromere separation: an analysis of mitotic chromosomes from long-term cultures of Potorus cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.K. Vig
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
I Cells

Decidua and placenta in mice after treatment with a synthetic glucocorticoid

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Matejevic ◽  
P Heilmann ◽  
C Schuster ◽  
M Schoneshofer ◽  
R Graf
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Reductase ◽  
Drug Biotransformation ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Visceral Yolk Sac ◽  
Gland Function ◽  
I Cells ◽  
Crystalline Suspension

To investigate a possible long-term effect of glucocorticoids on decidua and placenta of mice, a single dose of 24 mg kg-1 body weight triamcinolone acetonide in crystalline suspension was given subcutaneously to NMRI mice on gestational day (GD) 2. Deciduae and placentae, as well as corticosterone and triamcinolone concentrations in maternal plasma of GDs 10 and 17 were examined. NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase involved in drug biotransformation was detected immunocytochemically and showed co-localization with NADPH diaphorase histochemistry in the decidua and placenta. Both reactions were higher in endothelial cells of decidual sinusoids on GD 10, but were lower on GD 17 in the trophoblast, spongiotrophoblast and extraplacental visceral yolk-sac epithelial cells of treated mice than in untreated animals. Histochemistry of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, an enzyme that metabolizes biologically active adrenocortical steroids and their synthetic congeners in the placenta, showed higher activity on GD 17 in enlarged labyrinthic trophoblast I cells of treated mice than in untreated animals. As corticosterone concentrations were still decreased on GD 17, when triamcinolone concentrations were no longer detectable, a long-term suppression of adrenal gland function seems obvious.

scholarly journals Chromosome Binding Site of Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Is Essential for Persistent Episome Maintenance and Is Functionally Replaced by Histone H1

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (24) ◽  
pp. 12917-12924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohiko Shinohara ◽  
Masaya Fukushi ◽  
Masaya Higuchi ◽  
Masayasu Oie ◽  
Osamu Hoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Histone H1 ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus ◽  
Chromosome Binding

ABSTRACT Latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA1) of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV; human herpesvirus 8) persistently maintains a plasmid containing the KSHV latent origin of replication (oriP) as a closed circular episome in dividing cells. In this study, we investigated the involvement of chromosome binding activity of LANA1 in persistent episome maintenance. Deletion of the N-terminal 22 amino acids of LANA1 (ΔN-LANA) inhibited the interaction with mitotic chromosomes in a human cell line, and the mutant concomitantly lost activity for the long-term episome maintenance of a plasmid containing viral oriP in a human B-cell line. However, a chimera of ΔN-LANA with histone H1, a cellular chromosome component protein, rescued the association with mitotic chromosomes as well as the long-term episome maintenance of the oriP-containing plasmid. Our results suggest that tethering of KSHV episomes to mitotic chromosomes by LANA1 is crucial in mediating the long-term maintenance of viral episomes in dividing cells.

Genome analysis of Thinopyrum bessarabicum and T. elongatum

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. -C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Glume Length ◽  
Thinopyrum Bessarabicum ◽  
I Cells

Thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n = 14; JJ) was successfully crossed with T. elongatum (2n = 14; EE) but the reciprocal cross failed. Five of the 19 F1 plants headed in a greenhouse without being vernalized. Spikes of F1 hybrids were intermediate to those of the parents for number of florets per spike, glume length, and the first rachis internode length, but similar to those of T. bessarabicum and T. elongatum for spike length and number of spikelets per spike, respectively. Karyotypes of mitotic chromosomes in the parental species revealed that three of the seven chromosomes in the J and E genomes were similar in length and arm ratio. Meiosis in the F1 hybrids substantiated the conclusion from karyotype analysis that the other four chromosomes had undergone some structural rearrangements such as reciprocal translocation. Metaphase-I cells in hybrid plants averaged 2.68 I, 4.68 II, 0.27 III, 0.27 IV, and 0.01 V. Although 10% of the pollen grains were stainable with I2–KI, F1 plants of T. bessarabicum × T. elongatum did not set seed upon selfing. It is concluded that the J and E genomes are so closely related that the E genome designation should be changed to Je. The evidence reported here supports the transfer of Lophopyrum elongatum to the genus Thinopyrum. Wheat breeders should be able to utilize the genes in T. bessarabicum as readily as those in T. elongatum.Key words: Genome, mitosis, meiosis, karyotype, idiogram, hybrid.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Brief summary of Kleť photographic search programme for minor planets

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
J. Tichá ◽  
M. Tichý ◽  
Z. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Main Belt

AbstractA long-term photographic search programme for minor planets was begun at the Kleť Observatory at the end of seventies using a 0.63-m Maksutov telescope, but with insufficient respect for long-arc follow-up astrometry. More than two thousand provisional designations were given to new Kleť discoveries. Since 1993 targeted follow-up astrometry of Kleť candidates has been performed with a 0.57-m reflector equipped with a CCD camera, and reliable orbits for many previous Kleť discoveries have been determined. The photographic programme results in more than 350 numbered minor planets credited to Kleť, one of the world's most prolific discovery sites. Nearly 50 per cent of them were numbered as a consequence of CCD follow-up observations since 1994.This brief summary describes the results of this Kleť photographic minor planet survey between 1977 and 1996. The majority of the Kleť photographic discoveries are main belt asteroids, but two Amor type asteroids and one Trojan have been found.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

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