Effects of Progesterone on Prolactin, Hypothalamic β-Endorphin, Hypothalamic Substance P, and Midbrain Serotonin in Guinea Pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Bethea ◽  
David L. Hess ◽  
Andrea A. Widmann ◽  
Julie M. Henningfeld
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs

Paradoxical effect of salbutamol in a model of acute organophosphates intoxication in guinea pigs: role of substance P release

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (4) ◽  
pp. L915-L923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Chávez ◽  
Patricia Segura ◽  
Mario H. Vargas ◽  
José Luis Arreola ◽  
Edgar Flores-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
Substance P Release

Organophosphates induce bronchoobstruction in guinea pigs, and salbutamol only transiently reverses this effect, suggesting that it triggers additional obstructive mechanisms. To further explore this phenomenon, in vivo (barometric plethysmography) and in vitro (organ baths, including ACh and substance P concentration measurement by HPLC and immunoassay, respectively; intracellular Ca2+ measurement in single myocytes) experiments were performed. In in vivo experiments, parathion caused a progressive bronchoobstruction until a plateau was reached. Administration of salbutamol during this plateau decreased bronchoobstruction up to 22% in the first 5 min, but thereafter airway obstruction rose again as to reach the same intensity as before salbutamol. Aminophylline caused a sustained decrement (71%) of the parathion-induced bronchoobstruction. In in vitro studies, paraoxon produced a sustained contraction of tracheal rings, which was fully blocked by atropine but not by TTX, ω-conotoxin (CTX), or epithelium removal. During the paraoxon-induced contraction, salbutamol caused a temporary relaxation of ∼50%, followed by a partial recontraction. This paradoxical recontraction was avoided by the M2- or neurokinin-1 (NK1)-receptor antagonists (methoctramine or AF-DX 116, and L-732138, respectively), accompanied by a long-lasting relaxation. Forskolin caused full relaxation of the paraoxon response. Substance P and, to a lesser extent, ACh released from tracheal rings during 60-min incubation with paraoxon or physostigmine, respectively, were significantly increased when salbutamol was administered in the second half of this period. In myocytes, paraoxon did not produce any change in the intracellular Ca2+ basal levels. Our results suggested that: 1) organophosphates caused smooth muscle contraction by accumulation of ACh released through a TTX- and CTX-resistant mechanism; 2) during such contraction, salbutamol relaxation is functionally antagonized by the stimulation of M2 receptors; and 3) after this transient salbutamol-induced relaxation, a paradoxical contraction ensues due to the subsequent release of substance P.

Effect of the NEP inhibitor SCH32615 on airway responses to intravenous substance P in guinea pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1847-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Shore ◽  
M. A. Martins ◽  
J. M. Drazen
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Airway Responses ◽  
Nep Inhibition

We examined the effects of the selective neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitor SCH32615 on airway responses to rapid intravenous infusions of substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA) and on recovery of administered tachykinins from arterial blood in anesthetized mechanically ventilated guinea pigs. SCH32615, in doses that cause a marked increase in the magnitude of bronchoconstriction induced by infused NKA, had little effect on the changes in pulmonary conductance (GL) or dynamic compliance induced by SP. In animals in which SCH32615 (1 mg/kg) was administered in combination with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (5.7 mg/kg), the dose of SP required to decrease GL by 50% was fourfold less than in animals that received captopril alone (P < 0.005). SP measured in arterial blood withdrawn within 45 s of intravenous administration of this tachykinin was not different in control and SCH32615-treated animals, whereas captopril caused an approximately threefold increase in SP concentrations (P < 0.005). When SCH32615 and captopril were administered together, significantly more SP was recovered than when captopril or SCH32615 was administered alone (P < 0.0005). Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that both NEP and ACE contribute to the degradation of intravenously infused SP. ACE degradation of SP is sufficient to limit SP-induced bronchoconstriction even in the presence of specific NEP inhibition.

The influence of frequency of cold-water bathing on the substance P content of the airways in the guinea pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S29
Author(s):  
T. Abe ◽  
S. Yoshihara ◽  
T. Ando ◽  
T. Ichimura
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
P Content

PAMP is a novel inhibitor of the tachykinin release in the airway of guinea pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. L1066-L1069
Author(s):  
H. Kanazawa ◽  
H. Kamoi ◽  
T. Kawaguchi ◽  
S. Shoji ◽  
T. Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Dose Dependent

Proadrenomedullin NH2-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP), a newly identified hypotensive peptide, may play physiological roles in airway and cardiovascular controls. This study was designed to determine the mechanism responsible for the bronchoprotective effects of PAMP on capsaicin-induced bron-choconstriction in anesthetized guinea pigs. PAMP (10(-8)-10(-6) M) significantly inhibited capsaicin-induced bronchoconstriction in a dose-dependent manner. The bronchoprotective effect of PAMP (10(-6) M) was as large as that of isoproterenol (10(-7) M) and lasted > 10 min. The concentration of immunoreactive substance P (SP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after administration of capsaicin (4 x 10(-6) M) was 120 +/- 10 fmol/ml. PAMP significantly inhibited the release of immunoreactive SP in a dose-dependent manner (60 +/- 6 fmol/ml for (10(-6) M PAMP, P < 0.01; 84 +/- 6 fmol/ml for 10(-7) M PAMP, P < 0.01; and 95 +/- 6 fmol/ml for 10(-8) M PAMP, P < 0.05). PAMP (10(-6) M) did not significantly affect exogenous neurokinin A (NKA) or NKA + SP-induced bronchoconstriction, whereas isoproterenol (10(-7) M) significantly inhibited exogenous tachykinin-induced bronchoconstriction. These findings suggest that the bronchoprotective effects of PAMP are mainly due to inhibition of the release of tachykinins at airway C-fiber endings.

scholarly journals Role of neutral endopeptidase in endotoxin-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness to substance P in guinea pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Iwamae ◽  
Hideo Tsukagoshi ◽  
Takeshi Hisada ◽  
Daisuke Uno ◽  
Masatomo Mori
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase

Thermal analgesia and substance P depletion induced by capsaicin in guinea-pigs

Neuroscience ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2217-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Buck ◽  
P.P. Deshmukh ◽  
H.I. Yamamura ◽  
T.F. Burks
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
P Depletion

Substance P-like immunoreactivity in nerves associated with the vascular system of guinea-pigs

Pain ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Furness ◽  
R. E. Papka ◽  
N. G. Delia ◽  
M. Costa ◽  
R. L. Eskay
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Vascular System
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