Interferon-α Stimulates the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in vivo and in vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Gisslinger ◽  
Thomas Svoboda ◽  
Martin Clodi ◽  
Bettina Gilly ◽  
Heinz Ludwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

The Central Effects of Orexin-A in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis In Vivo and In Vitro in Male Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Russell ◽  
C. J. Small ◽  
C. L. Dakin ◽  
C. R. Abbott ◽  
D. G. A. Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Central Effects ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

In vivo and in vitro Effects of Arginine-Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Bernardini ◽  
Andrea Chiarenza ◽  
Themis C. Kamilaris ◽  
Nicole Renaud ◽  
Laurence Lempereur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Vasopressin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Effects of short- and long-duration hypothyroidism on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in rats: In vitro and in situ studies

Endocrine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth O. Johnson ◽  
Aldo E. Calogero ◽  
Mary Konstandi ◽  
Themis C. Kamilaris ◽  
Sandro La Vignera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

scholarly journals Effects of mitotane on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Reimondo ◽  
Soraya Puglisi ◽  
Barbara Zaggia ◽  
Vittoria Basile ◽  
Laura Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Adrenocortical Cancer ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Objective Mitotane, a drug used to treat adrenocortical cancer (ACC), inhibits multiple enzymatic steps of adrenocortical steroid biosynthesis, potentially causing adrenal insufficiency. Recent studies in vitro have also documented a direct inhibitory effect of mitotane at the pituitary level. The present study was aimed to assess the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in patients with ACC receiving mitotane. Design and methods We prospectively enrolled 16 patients on adjuvant treatment with mitotane after radical surgical resection of ACC, who underwent standard hormone evaluation and h-CRH stimulation. A group of 10 patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) served as controls for the CRH test. Results We demonstrated a close correlation between cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) and plasma mitotane levels, and a non-significant trend between mitotane dose and either serum or salivary cortisol in ACC patients. We did not find any correlation between the dose of cortisone acetate and either ACTH or cortisol levels. ACTH levels were significantly higher in patients with PAI than that in patients with ACC, both in baseline conditions (88.99 (11.04–275.00) vs 24.53 (6.16–121.88) pmol/L, P = 0.031) and following CRH (158.40 (34.32–275.00) vs 67.43 (8.8–179.52) pmol/L P = 0.016). Conclusions The observation of lower ACTH levels in patients with ACC than that in patients with PAI, both in basal conditions and after CRH stimulation, suggests that mitotane may play an inhibitory effect on ACTH secretion at the pituitary levels. In conclusion, the present study shows that mitotane affects the HPA axis at multiple levels and no single biomarker may be used for the assessment of adrenal insufficiency.

In vitro Effects of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPA) Hormones on Schistosoma mansoni

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Morales-Montor ◽  
Fawzi Mohamed ◽  
Amr M. Ghaleb ◽  
Salman Baig ◽  
C. Hallal-Calleros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptor 9 Expression in Murine and Human Adrenal Glands and Possible Implications during Inflammation

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 2773-2783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tran ◽  
Alexander Koch ◽  
Reinhard Berkels ◽  
Olaf Boehm ◽  
Paula A. Zacharowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Western World ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotide ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Abstract Context: Sepsis is a leading cause of death in the Western world and can be associated with failure of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. A coordinated response of the adrenal and immune system is of vital importance for survival during sepsis. Within the immune response, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role by recognizing pathogen-associated molecules such as bacterial DNA. TLR-9 can detect motifs of unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides (CpG-DNA) being present in bacterial DNA. Objective: We investigated whether TLR-9 is expressed in human and murine adrenal glands and whether its activation is associated with an adrenal response. Design: Human fetal and adult adrenal glands; wild-type, C57BL/6 and TLR-9 deficient (TLR-9−/−) mice; and in vitro cell line models were used in the study. Setting: The study took place at a university hospital. Results: TLR-9 is expressed in human and murine adrenal glands, as well as in in vitro cell lines (Y-1 and NCI-H295R cells). CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide challenge caused a 3-fold increase in plasma levels of corticosterone in wild-type mice. This effect was not observed in TLR-9−/− mice. Furthermore, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide challenge resulted in a strong release of several inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, and IL-1β, -6, -10, and -12 in vivo as well as in vitro. Again, this effect was not present in TLR-9−/− mice. Conclusions: TLR-9 is present in both murine and human adrenal glands. TLR-9 stimulation led to a corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine response. TLR-9 may play a role in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during conditions in which bacterial DNA is present.

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