Effects of Clonidine on Blood Pressure, Noradrenaline, Cortisol, Growth Hormone, and Prolactin Plasma Levels in High and Low Intestinal Tone Subjects

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Lechin ◽  
Bertha van der Dijs ◽  
Daniela Jakubowicz ◽  
Rheyna Camero ◽  
Simón Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels

Effects of Clonidine on Blood Pressure, Noradrenaline, Cortisol, Growth Hormone, and Prolactin Plasma Levels in High and Low Intestinal Tone Depressed Patients

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Lechin ◽  
Bertha van der Dijs ◽  
Daniela Jakubowicz ◽  
Rheyna E. Camero ◽  
Simon Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Depressed Patients

Downregulation of growth hormone in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: insights from the SYSTEMA cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Johansson ◽  
J Schulte ◽  
F Ricci ◽  
M Persson ◽  
R Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Growth Hormone Level ◽  
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a variant of cardiovascular autonomic disorder occurring predominantly in young women. POTS is characterized by an excessive heart rate increase when assuming upright posture accompanied by symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. The pathophysiology of POTS has not been fully established and is believed to be multifactorial. Purpose We aimed to investigate the alterations in circulating growth hormone level in POTS. Methods We conducted an age-matched case-control study enrolling 42 patients with POTS (age 31±9 years; 36 women) verified by positive head-up tilt testing and cardiovascular autonomic tests, and 46 controls (32±9 years; 35 women) with negative active standing test and no history of syncope, orthostatic intolerance and endocrine disease. We measured plasma levels of growth hormone using a high-sensitivity chemiluminescence immunoassay in relation to presence of POTS diagnosis. All study participants completed the validated Orthostatic Hypotension Questionnaire (OHQ), consisting of two components: the symptoms assessment scale (OHSA) and daily activity scale (OHDAS) to evaluate the burden of symptoms. We applied standard statistical tests for group differences. Growth hormone values were log-transformed and standardized before the group comparison. Results POTS patients had significantly lower plasma levels of growth hormone (ng/mL) (median=0.53, IQR, 0.10–2.83 vs. median=2.33, IQR, 0.26–7.2, p=0.04) than controls. Levels of growth hormone were reversely related to OHDAS (p=0.049) among POTS patients. Supine heart rate was significantly higher in POTS patients (69.0±11.1 beats/min vs. 63.3±10.8 beats/min, p=0.02), as well as diastolic blood pressure (72.9±9.1 mmHg vs. 69.0±8.5 mmHg, p=0.04). We observed no significant difference in supine systolic blood pressure (116.6±13.3 mmHg vs. 115.2±10.0 mmHg, p=0.60). POTS patients had a significantly higher composite OHQ score than controls (60.0±18.6 vs. 4.2±7.5, p<0.001), as well as OHSA (36.2±10.0 vs. 3.6±6.4, p<0.001) and OHDAS (23.8±9.7 vs. 0.6±1.3, p<0.001). Conclusion(s) Our study shows that patients with POTS have significantly reduced plasma levels of circulating growth hormone. Lower growth hormone levels among POTS patients are associated with increased impairment of daily life activities. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings in the independent populations and explain the mechanisms behind this alteration. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Crafoord Foundation, Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation

Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Sensitivity and the Mechanism of Action of Antidepressant Therapy

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis S. Charney ◽  
George R. Heninger ◽  
David E. Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Receptor Sensitivity ◽  
Antidepressant Treatments ◽  
Plasma Mhpg ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Agonist

SummaryIt has been hypothesized that the mechanism of action of antidepressant treatments is related to their ability to decrease the sensitivity of the alpha-2 adrenergic autoreceptor. In order to assess alpha-adrenergic autoreceptor sensitivity, the effects of clonidine, the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, on plasma levels of the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol (MHPG), blood pressure (BP) and patient-rated sedation were measured in nine depressed patients before and during amitripytline treatment. Postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptor sensitivity was assessed by determining the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine before and during treatment. Amitriptyline significantly attenuated the effects of clonidine on plasma MHPG, standing systolic BP, and sedation, indicating that alpha-2 adrenergic autoreceptors had become subsensitive. In addition, baseline plasma MHPG levels were significantly reduced. Amitriptyline had no effect on the GH response to clonidine.

The Involvement of Platelets and the Coronary Vasculature in Collagen-Induced Sudden Death in Rabbits

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mallarkey ◽  
G M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Calcium Entry Blockers

SummaryThe mechanism of collagen-induced sudden death in rabbits was studied by measuring blood pressure (BP), heart rate, ECG, the continuous platelet count and the plasma levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and 6-keto prostaglandin Fia (6-keto PGF1α). Death was preceded by myocardial ischaemia and a sharp fall in BP which occurred before any fall in platelet count was observed. The calcium entry blockers (CEBs), verapamil, nifedipine and PY 108-068 protected the rabbits from sudden death without any significant effect on the decrease in the platelet count or increase in plasma TxB2 levels. 6-keto PGF1α could not be detected in any plasma samples. Indomethacin and tri-sodium citrate also protected the rabbits but significantly reduced the fall in platelet count and plasma TxB2. In vitro studies on isolated aortae indicated that verapamil non-specifically inhibited vasoconstriction induced by KC1, adrenaline and U46619 (a thromboxane agonist). It is concluded that CEBs physiologically antagonize the vasoconstricting actions of platelet-derived substances and that it is coronary vasoconstriction that is primarily the cause of death.

[PP.19.09] APELIN AND VISFATIN PLASMA LEVELS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. e235-e236
Author(s):  
D. Papadopoulos ◽  
E. Sanidas ◽  
D. Perrea ◽  
H. Grassos ◽  
C. Liakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Individuals

A comparison of the effects of fish oil and flaxseed oil on cardiac allograft chronic rejection in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. H1452-H1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rgia A. Othman ◽  
Miyoung Suh ◽  
Gabor Fischer ◽  
Nazila Azordegan ◽  
Natalie Riediger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Chronic Rejection ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Cardiac Allograft

Both fish and flaxseed oils are major sources of different n-3 fatty acids. Beneficial effects of fish oil on posttransplantation complications have been reported. The current study aimed to compare the effects of flaxseed and fish oils in a rat cardiac allograft model. Male Fischer and Lewis rats were used as donors and recipients, respectively, to generate a heterotopic cardiac allograft model. Animals were randomly assigned into three groups and fed a diet supplemented with 1) 5% (wt/wt) safflower oil (control, n = 7), 2) 5% (wt/wt) flaxseed oil ( n = 8), or 3) 2% (wt/wt) fish oil ( n = 7), and an intraperitoneal injection of cyclosporine A (CsA; 1.5 mg·kg−1·day−1) over 12 wk. Body weight, blood pressure, plasma levels of lipids, CsA, select cytokines, as well as graft function and chronic rejection features were assessed. Body weight and blood CsA levels were similar among the groups. Relative to controls, both treated groups had lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and plasma levels of macrophage chemotactic protein-1. Treatment with fish oil significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in the flaxseed oil-treated group compared with the other two groups. Both flaxseed oil and fish oil may provide similar biochemical, hemodynamic, and inflammatory benefits after heart transplantation; however, neither of the oils was able to statistically significantly impact chronic rejection or histological evidence of apparent cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in this model.

Transient growth hormone therapy to rats with low protein-inflicted intrauterine growth restriction does not prevent elevated blood pressure in later life

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Plank ◽  
Christian Plank ◽  
Christian Grillhösl ◽  
Christian Plank ◽  
Christian Grillhösl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Hormone Therapy ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Transient Growth ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Low Protein

Nucleus tractus solitarius and control of blood pressure in chronic sinoaortic denervated rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. R258-R266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Schreihofer ◽  
A. F. Sved
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Nucleus Tractus Solitarius ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflexes ◽  
Alpha Chloralose ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bilateral Destruction ◽  
Conscious Control

To determine the role of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the tonic maintenance of arterial pressure (AP) following chronic baroreceptor denervation, the present study examined the effect of inhibition of the NTS on AP in chronic sinoaortic denervated (SAD) and control rats. One to two weeks after complete SAD (no residual arterial baroreceptor reflexes) mean AP was not significantly different from that of control rats. Bilateral microinjections of muscimol and lidocaine into the NTS markedly increased AP in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized control rats. However, microinjections of these neuroinhibitory drugs had no effect on AP in SAD rats. Similarly, 1 h after bilateral destruction of the NTS conscious control rats were hypertensive, while AP in SAD rats was not changed. Plasma levels of vasopressin (VP), which were also elevated in control rats 1 h after NTS lesions, were not significantly altered in SAD rats. These results demonstrate that inhibition of the NTS has no effect on AP or plasma levels of VP in chronic SAD rats. This suggests neither the NTS nor afferents to the NTS supply a tonic inhibitory influence on AP after chronic baroreceptor denervation.

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