Pineal Melatonin in Syrian Hamsters: Circadian and Seasonal Rhythms in Animals Maintained under Laboratory and Natural Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Brainard ◽  
Larry J. Petterborg ◽  
Bruce A. Richardson ◽  
Russel J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Rhythms ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Pineal Melatonin

scholarly journals Pineal melatonin is a circadian time-giver for leptin rhythm in Syrian hamsters

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibtissam Chakir ◽  
Stéphanie Dumont ◽  
Paul Pévet ◽  
Ali Ouarour ◽  
Etienne Challet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Pineal Melatonin ◽  
Circadian Time

Pineal melatonin rhythm: reduction in aging Syrian hamsters

Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 210 (4476) ◽  
pp. 1372-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Reiter ◽  
B. Richardson ◽  
L. Johnson ◽  
B. Ferguson ◽  
D. Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Melatonin Rhythm ◽  
Pineal Melatonin

Monosodium glutamate administration early in life alters pineal melatonin nocturnal profile in adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Janaína B Garcia ◽  
Fernanda G Do Amaral ◽  
Daniela C Buonfiglio ◽  
Rafaela FA Vendrame ◽  
Patrícia L Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pineal Melatonin ◽  
Melatonin Synthesis ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Melatonin Production

The pineal gland synthesizes melatonin exclusively at night, which gives melatonin the characteristic of a temporal synchronizer of the physiological systems. Melatonin is a regulator of insulin activities centrally and also peripherally and its synthesis is reduced in diabetes.  Since monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often used to induce the type 2 diabetic and metabolic syndrome in animal models, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential effects of MSG given to neonates on the pineal melatonin synthesis in different aged male and female rats. Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with MSG (4mg/g/day) or saline solution (0.9%) from the second to eighth post-natal day. The circadian profiles both melatonin levels and AANAT activity were monitored at different ages. Body weight, naso-anal length, adipose tissues weight, GTT, ITT and serum insulin levels were also evaluated. Typical obesity with the neonatal MSG treatment was observed, indicated by a great increase in adipose depots without a concurrent increase in body weight. MSG treatment did not cause hyperglycemia or glucose intolerance, but induced insulin resistance. An increase of melatonin synthesis at ZT 15 with phase advance was observed in in some animals. The AANAT activity was positively parallel to the melatonin circadian profile. It seems that MSG causes hypothalamic obesity which may increase AANAT activity and melatonin production in pineal gland. These effects were not temporally correlated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia indicating the hypothalamic lesions, particularly in arcuate nucleus induced by MSG in early age, as the principal cause of the increase in melatonin production.

Thierry Kuntzel and the Rise of Video Art

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Radner ◽  
Alistair Fox
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Video Art ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Natural Conditions

Raymond Bellour describes how his interest in video art grew out of his personal friendship with Thierry Kuntzel and the latter’s growing interest in experimental filmmaking using the new technology, and how this interest prompted him to seek to understand how the new medium was leading to a modification of perception. He goes on to explain how video technology enables the production of images that escape the natural conditions deemed to constrain photography, also emphasizing the influence of painting on video art.

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