Repetitive DNA and chromosomal rearrangements: speciation-related events in plant genomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 120 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Raskina ◽  
J.C. Barber ◽  
E. Nevo ◽  
A. Belyayev
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Plant Genomes

Abundance and DNA sequence of two-base repeat regions in tropical tree genomes

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Condit ◽  
Stephen P. Hubbell
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Dna Repeats ◽  
Dinucleotide Repeats ◽  
Genomic Libraries ◽  
Plant Genomes ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Phage Libraries ◽  
Forest Plants

Tandem DNA repeats of two-base pairs are potentially important tools for population genetic studies because of their abundance and length variation. As part of our research into the ecology of tropical forest plants, we began a study of dinucleotide repeat regions in several genera of tropical trees. Genomic libraries in bacteriophase λ were screened with the oligonucleotide probes poly(GT) and poly(AG). Both types of repeat regions were abundant in the genomes of all six plant species examined. Using the size of inserts in the phage libraries and number of phage screened, we estimated that there were 5 × 103 to 3 × 105 poly(AC) and poly(AG) sites per genome, with slightly more AG than AC sites. When libraries were made from smaller fragments of genomic DNA, abundance estimates were higher, suggesting that two-base repeat sites were clustered in the genome. Poly(AC) sites were 16–22 bp in length, and four of the five sequenced were adjacent to either poly(AG) or poly(AT) sites. Other repeat regions appeared in DNA flanking the AC sites. This further demonstrated that two-base repeats and other repetitive DNA were clustered in the genome. Two-base repeats are abundant in plant genomes and could provide a large number of polymorphic markers for studies of plant population genetics.Key words: repetitive DNA, dinucleotide repeats, tropical plant genomes.

scholarly journals In Depth Characterization of Repetitive DNA in 23 Plant Genomes Reveals Sources of Genome Size Variation in the Legume Tribe Fabeae

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0143424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Macas ◽  
Petr Novák ◽  
Jaume Pellicer ◽  
Jana Čížková ◽  
Andrea Koblížková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Plant Genomes

Genotype- and Cell-Specific Dynamics of Tandem Repeat Patterns in Aegilops speltoides Tausch (Poaceae, Triticeae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Raskina
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Nonhomologous Recombination ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Impact

In wild plant populations, chromosome rearrangements lead to the wide intraspecific polymorphisms in the abundance and patterns of highly repetitive DNA. However, despite the large amount of accumulated data, the impact of the complex repetitive DNA fraction on genome reorganization and functioning and the mechanisms balancing and maintaining the structural integrity of the genome are not fully understood. Homologous recombination is thought to play a key role in both genome reshuffling and stabilization, while the contribution of nonhomologous recombination seems to be undervalued. Here, tandem repeat patterns and dynamics during pollen mother cell development were addressed, with a focus on the meiotic recombination that determines chromosome/genome repatterning and stabilization under cross-pollination and artificial hybridization in wild goatgrass, Aegilops speltoides. Native plants from contrasting allopatric populations and artificially created intraspecific hybrids were investigated using a FISH approach. Cytogenetic analysis uncovered a wide spectrum of genotype- and cell-specific chromosomal rearrangements, suggesting intensive repatterning of both parental and hybrid genomes. The data obtained provide evidence that repetitive elements serve as overabundant and ubiquitous resources for maintaining chromosome architecture/genome integrity through homologous and nonhomologous recombination at the intraorganismal level, and genotype-specific repatterning underlies intrapopulation polymorphisms and intraspecific diversification in the wild.

Use of repetitive DNA for diagnosis of chromosomal rearrangements

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Burk ◽  
Judith Stamberg ◽  
K. E. Young ◽  
K. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements

scholarly journals Molecular Composition of Heterochromatin and Its Contribution to Chromosome Variation in the Microtus thomasi/Microtus atticus Species Complex

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Michail Rovatsos ◽  
Juan Alberto Marchal ◽  
Eva Giagia-Athanasopoulou ◽  
Antonio Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Dna Motifs ◽  
Telomeric Sequences ◽  
Chromosome Races ◽  
Chromosomal Races ◽  
Dna Elements

The voles of the Microtus thomasi/M. atticus species complex demonstrate a remarkable variability in diploid chromosomal number (2n = 38–44 chromosomes) and sex chromosome morphology. In the current study, we examined by in situ hybridization the topology of four satellite DNA motifs (Msat-160, Mth-Alu900, Mth-Alu2.2, TTAGGG telomeric sequences) and two transposons (LINE, SINE) on the karyotypes of nine chromosome races (i.e., populations with unique cytogenetic traits) of Microtus thomasi, and two chromosomal races of M. atticus. According to the topology of the repetitive DNA motifs, we were able to identify six types of biarmed chromosomes formed from either Robertsonian or/and tandem fusions. In addition, we identified 14 X chromosome variants and 12 Y chromosome variants, and we were able to reconstruct their evolutionary relations, caused mainly by distinct mechanisms of amplification of repetitive DNA elements, including the telomeric sequences. Our study used the model of the Microtus thomasi/M. atticus species complex to explore how repetitive centromeric content can alter from chromosomal rearrangements and can shape the morphology of sex chromosomes, resulting in extensive inter-species cytogenetic variability.

Fingerprinting plant genomes with oligonucleotide probes specific for simple repetitive DNA sequences

1992 ◽  
Vol 83-83 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 691-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Beyermann ◽  
P. Nürnberg ◽  
A. Weihe ◽  
M. Meixner ◽  
J. T. Epplen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Plant Genomes

scholarly journals Variability of the genome size in coniferous plant in extreme environmental conditions

1970 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
T. S. Sedelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Nuclear Dna Variation ◽  
Rna Genes

Aim. The features of genome size transformation in conifers growing in extreme environmental conditions are reviewed. Conclusions. Conifers have a very large genome. The main resources of genome size modifications of conifers under extreme environmental conditions are: variability of the chromosome numbers (polyploidy, aneuploidy; mixoploidy), occurrence of B-chromosomes and increasing of its numbers, changes of the content of nuclear DNA, variation of the repetitive DNA sequences (microsatellites, ribosomal RNA genes, transposable elements – retrotransposons), and the chromosomal rearrangements. These features are also components of the epigenetic system which defines the adaptability of the genome changes when exposed to stressful environmental factors. Keywords: Pinophyta, genome, repetitive DNA sequences, epigenetic system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document