Cortisol Response to d-Fenfluramine in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and in Healthy Subjects: Evidence for a Gender-Related Effect

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palmiero Monteleone ◽  
Francesco Catapano ◽  
Alfonso Tortorella ◽  
Mario Maj
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Noradrenergic receptor sensitivity in obsessive compulsive disorder: II. Cortisol response to acute clonidine administration

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Brambilla ◽  
Laura Bellodi ◽  
Giampaolo Perna ◽  
Cinzia Arancio ◽  
Angelo Bertani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Receptor Sensitivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Differential role of visuospatial working memory in the propensity toward uncertainty in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and in healthy subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2113-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lambrecq ◽  
J.-Y. Rotge ◽  
N. Jaafari ◽  
B. Aouizerate ◽  
N. Langbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Visuospatial Working Memory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Temporal Direction

BackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with visuospatial working memory deficits. Intolerance of uncertainty is thought to be a core component of OCD symptoms. Recent findings argue for a possible relationship between abilities in visuospatial memory and uncertainty. However, this relationship remains unclear in both OCD patients and healthy subjects. To address this issue, we measured performance in visuospatial working memory and the propensity to express uncertainty during decision making. We assessed their relationship and the temporal direction of this relationship in both OCD patients and healthy subjects.MethodBaseline abilities in visuospatial working memory were measured with the Corsi block-tapping test. A delayed matching-to-sample task was used to identify explicit situations of certainty, uncertainty and ignorance and to assess continuous performance in visuospatial working memory. Behavioural variables were recorded over 360 consecutive trials in both groups.ResultsBaseline scores of visuospatial working memory did not predict the number of uncertain situations in OCD patients whereas they did in healthy subjects. Uncertain trials led to reduced abilities in visuospatial working memory to 65% of usual performance in OCD patients whereas they remained stable in healthy subjects.ConclusionsThe present findings show an opposite temporal direction in the relationship between abilities in working memory and uncertainty in OCD patients and healthy subjects. Poor working memory performance contributes to the propensity to feel uncertainty in healthy subjects whereas uncertainty contributes to decreased continuous performance in working memory in OCD patients.

FC24-03 - Lack of cortisol response during exposure therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1948-1948
Author(s):  
M. Kellner ◽  
C. Muhtz ◽  
A. Yassouridis ◽  
K. Wiedemann
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Initial Sessions ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionExposure therapy with response prevention (ERP) is the most effective treatment for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but associated with considerable temporary stress during initial sessions.ObjectivesAmazingly, only scant information is available about stress hormone release during exposure therapy and its implication on therapy outcome in OCD.AimsTo characterize hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activation during ERP treatment in OCD.Methods15 patients with OCD were studied twice from 13:00 to 16:00 - on the day before and of their first ERP therapy session (14:00 to 15:00). Subjective units of distress (SUD, 100 mm visual analogue scale) and salivary cortisol concentrations were assessed every 20 minutes.ResultsBefore and during (but not after) ERP SUD were significantly increased versus the control day (mean SUD before ERP: 49.8 vs. 31.4, mean peak vaules during ERP: 72.6 vs. 34.0). Salivary cortisol decresed significantly during the study period (as expected according to the regular diurnal rhythm), but no significant differences between ERP and the control day were detected at any time point.ConclusionsDespite clear-cut psychological stress before and during ERP, no increased release of cortisol was observed. Our findings resemble respective results in panic disorder. Possible neurobiological underpinnings of this unexpected regulatory pattern will be discussed. Furthermore, we will speculate on the impact of lacking cortisol response on extinction learning during ERP.

Normal and obsessional jealousy: a study of a population of young adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
Elena Di Nasso ◽  
Irene Masala ◽  
Stefano Baroni ◽  
Marianna Abelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
University Students ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractBackgroundJealousy is a heterogenous emotion ranging from normality to pathology. Several problems still exist in the distinction between normal and pathological jealousy.Aim of the studyWith the present study, we aimed to contribute to the definition of the boundary between obsessional and normal jealousy by means of a specific self-report questionnaire developed by us.MethodsThe questionnaire called “Questionnaire on the Affective Relationships” (QAR) and consisting of 30 items, was administered to 400 university students of both sexes and to 14 outpatients affected by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) whose main obsession was jealousy. The total scores and single items were analysed and compared.ResultsTwo hundred and forty-five, approximately 61% of the questionnaires, were returned. The statistical analyses showed that patients with OCD had higher total scores than healthy subjects; in addition, it was possible to identify an intermediate group of subjects, corresponding to 10% of the total, who were concerned by jealousy thoughts around the partner, but at a lower degree than patients, and that we called “healthy jealous subjects” because they had no other psychopathological trait. Significant differences were also observed for single items in the three groups.ConclusionsOur study showed that 10% of a population of university students, albeit normal, have jealousy thoughts around the partner, as emerged by the specific questionnaire developed by us. This instrument permitted to clearly distinguish these subjects from patients with OCD and healthy subjects with no jealousy concern.

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