Chronic Histoplasma capsulatum Infection of the Central Nervous System Successfully Treated with Fluconazole

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tiraboschi ◽  
I. Casas Parera ◽  
R. Pikielny ◽  
G. Scattini ◽  
F. Micheli
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Infection with Histoplasma capsulatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Riddell ◽  
L. Joseph Wheat
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Filamentous Form ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Histoplasmosis is an endemic fungal infection that may affect both immune compromised and non-immune compromised individuals. It is now recognized that the geographic range of this organism is larger than previously understood, placing more people at risk. Infection with Histoplasma capsulatum may occur after inhalation of conidia that are aerosolized from the filamentous form of the organism in the environment. Clinical syndromes typically associated with histoplasmosis include acute or chronic pneumonia, chronic cavitary pulmonary infection, or mediastinal fibrosis or lymphadenitis. Disseminated infection can also occur, in which multiple organ systems are affected. In up to 10% of cases, infection of the central nervous system (CNS) with histoplasmosis may occur with or without disseminated infection. In this review, we discuss challenges related to the diagnosis of CNS histoplasmosis and appropriate treatment strategies that can lead to successful outcomes.

scholarly journals Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Miliary Histoplasmosis, Neurohistoplasmosis, and Histoplasma capsulatum Bacteremia in Probable Neurosarcoidosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Bui
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction. Neurosarcoidosis, either isolated or as part of systemic sarcoidosis, is an uncommon entity and has diagnostic uncertainty. Treatment for neurosarcoidosis can increase the risk of infections, including fungal infections such as disseminated histoplasmosis. Neurosarcoidosis may further predispose patients to infections of the central nervous system. Case Presentation. A 54-year-old male with a history of probable neurosarcoidosis on methotrexate and infliximab presented with encephalopathy, hypoxia, and reported fevers. The patient was found to have disseminated histoplasmosis involving the lungs (miliary histoplasmosis), central nervous system (neurohistoplasmosis), and bloodstream. The Histoplasma capsulatum infection was treated with amphotericin and then voriconazole. Discussion. Patients with neurosarcoidosis are suspected to have blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Lumbar puncture should be considered as part of initial investigative studies for infection. Empiric antimicrobial therapy for a patient with neurosarcoidosis on immunosuppressive agents may need to include antifungal agents.

Histoplasma capsulatum Infections of the Central Nervous System

Medicine ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. JOSEPH WHEAT ◽  
BYRON E. BATTEIGER ◽  
BOONMEE SATHAPATAYAVONGS
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Presumptive Histoplasmosis Presenting as Cerebellar Ataxia With Spontaneous Recovery

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-152
Author(s):  
William T. Shearer ◽  
George Kobayashi ◽  
Arthur L. Prensky
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Babinski Sign ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Progressive Weakness

There have been relatively few reported cases of histoplasmosis of the central nervous system in children and no reported survivors without therapy.1-5 Most reported cases involving the central nervous system in children are described at postmortem examination.1,2 Involvement of extrapulmonic organ systems with Histoplasma capsulatum without a prominent preceding or concomitant pulmonic infection occurs occasionally. The reported neurological signs and symptoms of histoplasmosis of the central nervous system in children are: vomiting, irritability, opisthotonos, clonus of extremities, Babinski sign, progressive weakness of extremities, deterioration of vision, ptosis, weakness of facial muscles, bladder and anal atony, bilateral spastic hemiparesis, delayed motor development, and coma.1-5

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

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