A Map of Distal Leg Motor Neurons in the Thoracic Ganglia of Four Decapod Crustacean Species

1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zen Faulkes ◽  
Dorothy H. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia

Specific Re-Innervation of Limbs Transplanted between Segments in the Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana

1972 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
D. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Cell Body ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Procion Yellow ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Intracellular Stimulation

1. The connexions of single, identified motor neurons have been studied in the thoracic ganglia of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Selected cell bodies were identified on purely morphological criteria from one animal to another. Similarly, serially homologous cell bodies were identified from one ganglion to another. Their connexions to particular limb muscles were demonstrated by intracellular stimulation through the cell body and infsequent marking with procion yellow dye. 2. Serially homologous cell bodies in the mesothoracic and metathoracic ganglia innervate serially homologous muscles in the mesothoracic and metathoracic limbs. 3. Metathoracic limbs transplanted to the mesothoracic segment retain their metathoracic characteristics. They become functionally incorporated in the mesothoracic segment and are used normally during walking movements. 4. These transplanted metathoracic limbs become re-innervated from the mesothoracic ganglion. Identified mesothoracic cell bodies make specific connexions with those metathoracic muscles which are the serial homologues of their own muscles.

Penaeoid Decapoda (Dendrobranchiata) from the Luoping Biota (Middle Triassic) of China: Systematics and Taphonomic Framework

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie E. Schweitzer ◽  
Rodney M. Feldmann ◽  
Shixue Hu ◽  
Jinyuan Huang ◽  
Changyong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Three New Species

Two new genera,AnisaegerandDistaeger, and three new species,Anisaeger brevirostrus,A. spiniferus, andDistaeger prodigiosus, extend the range of the Aegeridae (Dendrobranchiata, Penaeoidea) into the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of China. Seven decapod crustacean species are now known from the Luoping biota of southern China. Morphological features of shrimp that are present but rarely mentioned in the neontological literature are recognized as potentially useful in classifying fossil material, including a diaeresis on the exopod of the uropods and multiarticulate flagellae on pleopods. Unusual taphonomic features of the shrimp include fractured cuticle, preservation in lateral, dorsal, and ventral position, and twisted cephalothoraxes.

Decapod Crustaceans of the North West Shelf, a Tropical Continental Shelf of North-western Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ward ◽  
SF Rainer
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sampling Times

The North West Shelf is a tropical continental shelf with a highly diverse fauna of epibenthic decapod crustaceans. The 357 taxa of epibenthic crustaceans, including 308 decapods, recorded from four sites are more than reported from any other continental shelf. The dominant taxa were amphipods, portunid crabs, xanthid crabs, palaemonid shrimps, hermit crabs, crangonid shrimps, sergestid shrimps, and majid crabs, in decreasing order of abundance. The most diverse family was the leucosiid crabs, containing 39 species. The number of crustacean species collected was similar at both 40 m and 80 m depth, and only 35% of the most common species differed in abundance between the depths. The abundances of 30% of these common species appeared to be related to particle size of the sediment or to the biomass of large sedentary fauna. The abundance of 45% of the most abundant, mainly small, species differed between two sampling times 6 months apart. The abundance of many decapod crustacean species was related to depth, sediment type, bottom type, or sedentary fauna. It is concluded that the epibenthic decapod fauna at 40 and 80 m depth on the North West Shelf is a broadly distributed assemblage with high diversity, some environmentally determined pattern and, in smaller animals, significant seasonal variability.

Antagonistic Effects of Phentolamine and Octopamine on Rhythmic Motor Output of Crayfish Thoracic Ganglia

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 3586-3589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Gill ◽  
Peter Skorupski
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Motor Output ◽  
Burst Duration ◽  
Cycle Period ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Locomotor Rhythm ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
Rhythmic Motor

Spontaneous rhythmic motor output of crayfish thoracic ganglia consists of bursts of activity in antagonistic leg motor neurons (MNs), alternating with a rather slow cycle period (typically ≥20 s). The most common pattern (77% of preparations) consists of long coxal promotor bursts, the duration of which was correlated strongly with cycle period, and relatively short remotor bursts independent of cycle period. Octopamine, at a concentration of 2–30 μM reversibly retarded this rhythm, increasing both cycle period and promotor burst duration. Higher concentrations of octopamine inhibited promotor nerve activity and abolished rhythmic bursting. Phentolamine (10–50 μM) had the opposite effect of decreasing cycle period, mainly by decreasing promotor burst duration. Whereas in the presence of octopamine promotor bursts were lengthened and became even more strongly related to cycle period, phentolamine promoted a more symmetrical rhythm with shorter promotor bursts that were less dependent on cycle period. When octopamine was applied in the presence of phentolamine, there was no significant increase in cycle period or burst duration, although high octopamine concentrations (100 μM) were still capable of inhibiting promotor nerve activity. To our knowledge, pharmacological modulation of a spontaneous locomotor rhythm by an amine antagonist (applied by itself) has not been reported previously. The results raise the testable possibility that phentolamine exerts its modulatory effects by acting as an octopamine antagonist in crayfish thoracic ganglia.

scholarly journals Guidelines for RNA-seq projects: applications and opportunities in non-model decapod crustacean species

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 825 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Viet Nguyen ◽  
Hyungtaek Jung ◽  
Guiomar Rotllant ◽  
David Hurwood ◽  
Peter Mather ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Crustacean Species

Systematic List of Fossil Decapod Crustacean Species

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Schweitzer ◽  
Rodney Feldmann ◽  
Alessandro Garassino ◽  
Hiroaki Karasawa ◽  
Günter Schweigert
Keyword(s):  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Systematic List

An updated checklist of decapod crustaceans (infraorders Astacidea, Thalassinidea, Polychelida, Palinura, and Anomura) from the northern and northeastern Brazilian coast

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1519 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETRÔNIO ALVES COELHO ◽  
ALEXANDRE OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA ◽  
LUIS ERNESTO ARRUDA BEZERRA ◽  
JESSER FIDELIS DE SOUZA-FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Estuarine Species ◽  
Number Of Species

A checklist of the decapod crustacean species from the infraorders Astacidea, Thalassinidea, Polychelida, Palinura, and Anomura from the northern and northeastern (N/NE) Brazilian coast based on literature and material deposited in the carcinological collection of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, is provided. The list includes marine and estuarine species reported at least once to each of the studied area, including the oceanic islands and banks along the N/NE Brazil. A total of 146 species is reported, corresponding to an increase of 32.7% when compared to the data published in Paulo Young’s Catalogue (1998). The most representative infraorder concerning number of species is Anomura, represented in N/NE Brazil by 90 species and 10 families, followed by Thalassinidea, with 36 species and 6 families, Palinura, with 14 species and 4 families and, finally, Astacidea, which comprises 6 species and 2 families. Families with highest species richness were Porcellanidae (20), Diogenidae (19), Paguridae (18) and Galatheidae (15), all of them included in the infraorder Anomura. Zoogeographic affinities regarding the species are briefly discussed

Central input to primary afferent neurons in crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, is correlated with rhythmic motor output of thoracic ganglia

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Sillar ◽  
P. Skorupski
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Reversal Potential ◽  
Motor Output ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
Rhythmic Motor ◽  
Receptor Organ

A preparation is described in which the thoracic ganglia of the crayfish are isolated together with the thoracocoxal muscle receptor organ (TCMRO) of the fourth leg. This preparation allows intracellular analysis of both centrally generated and reflex activity in leg motor neurons (MNs). The isolated thoracic ganglia can spontaneously generate a rhythmic motor pattern resembling that used during forward walking (Fig. 4). This involves the reciprocal activity of promotor and remotor MNs, with levator MNs firing in phase with promotor bursts. Stretch of the TCMRO in quiescent preparations evokes a resistance reflex in promotor MNs (Fig. 6). In more active preparations the response is variable and often becomes an assistance reflex, with excitation of remotor MNs on stretch (Fig. 7). When rhythmic motor patterns occur, the neuropilar processes of the S and T fibers receive central inputs that are strongly correlated with the oscillatory drive to the MNs and probably have the same origin (Figs. 8 and 9). Central inputs to the S and T fibers occur in opposite phases within a cycle of rhythmic motor output. The S fiber is depolarized in phase with promotor MNs and the T fiber in phase with remotor activity. The input to the T fiber is shown to be a chemical synaptic drive that has a reversal potential approximately 14 mV more depolarized than the fiber's resting membrane potential. This input substantially modulates the amplitude and waveform of passively propagated receptor potentials generated by TCMRO stretch (Fig. 11). It is argued that the central inputs to the TCMRO afferents will modulate proprioceptive feedback resulting from voluntary movements.

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