Role of Peripheral Nerve Extracellular Matrix in Schwann Cell Function and in Neurite Regeneration

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Bartlett Bunge ◽  
Richard P. Bunge ◽  
Naomi Kleitman ◽  
Andy C. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Cell Function

scholarly journals Vesicle-Mediated Control of Cell Function: The Role of Extracellular Matrix and Microenvironment

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorjana Rackov ◽  
Noemi Garcia-Romero ◽  
Susana Esteban-Rubio ◽  
Josefa Carrión-Navarro ◽  
Cristobal Belda-Iniesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Function

scholarly journals Integrins as architects of cell behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (19) ◽  
pp. 2885-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Streuli
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Mammary Gland Differentiation

Integrins are cell surface receptors that bind cells to their physical external environment, linking the extracellular matrix to cell function. They are essential in the biology of all animals. In the late 1980s, we discovered that integrins are required for the ability of breast epithelia to do what they are programmed to do, which is to differentiate and make milk. Since then, integrins have been shown to control most other aspects of phenotype: to stay alive, to divide, and to move about. Integrins also provide part of the mechanism that allows cells to form tissues. Here I discuss how we discovered that integrins control mammary gland differentiation and explore the role of integrins as central architects of other aspects of cell behavior.

scholarly journals Axonal Interactions Regulate Schwann Cell Apoptosis in Developing Peripheral Nerve: Neuregulin Receptors and the Role of Neuregulins

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 6107-6118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith B. Grinspan ◽  
Mark A. Marchionni ◽  
Matthew Reeves ◽  
Markella Coulaloglou ◽  
Steven S. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Cell Apoptosis

Role of the extracellular matrix in myelination of peripheral nerve

Glia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jewel L. Podratz ◽  
Esther Rodriguez ◽  
Anthony J. Windebank
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Peripheral Nerve

scholarly journals Role of the Rho-ROCK (Rho-Associated Kinase) Signaling Pathway in the Regulation of Pancreatic β-Cell Function

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 2072-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hammar ◽  
Alejandra Tomas ◽  
Domenico Bosco ◽  
Philippe A. Halban
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion ◽  
And Function

Extracellular matrix has a beneficial impact on β-cell spreading and function, but the underlying signaling pathways have yet to be fully elucidated. In other cell types, Rho, a well-characterized member of the family of Rho GTPases, and its effector Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), play an important role as downstream mediators of outside in signaling from extracellular matrix. Therefore, a possible role of the Rho-ROCK pathway in β-cell spreading, actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and function was investigated. Rho was inhibited using a new cell-permeable version of C3 transferase, whereas the activity of ROCK was repressed using the specific ROCK inhibitors H-1152 and Y-27632. Inhibition of Rho and of ROCK increased spreading and improved both short-term and prolonged glucose-stimulated insulin secretion but had no impact on basal secretion. Inhibition of this pathway led to a depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the impact of the inhibition of ROCK on stimulated insulin secretion was acute and reversible, suggesting that rapid signaling such as phosphorylation is involved. Finally, quantification of the activity of RhoA indicated that the extracellular matrix represses RhoA activity. Overall these results show for the first time that the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway contributes to the stabilization of the actin cytoskeleton and inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in primary pancreatic β-cells. Furthermore, they indicate that inhibition of this pathway might be one of the mechanisms by which the extracellular matrix exerts its beneficial effects on pancreatic β-cell function.

scholarly journals Biological Role of Dystroglycan in Schwann Cell Function and Its Implications in Peripheral Nervous System Diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Masaki ◽  
Kiichiro Matsumura
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Targeted Mutagenesis ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Loss Of Function

Dystroglycan is a central component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) that links extracellular matrix with cytoskeleton, expressed in a variety of fetal and adult tissues. Dystroglycan plays diverse roles in development and homeostasis including basement membrane formation, epithelial morphogenesis, membrane stability, cell polarization, and cell migration. In this paper, we will focus on biological role of dystroglycan in Schwann cell function, especially myelination. First, we review the molecular architecture of DGC in Schwann cell abaxonal membrane. Then, we will review the loss-of-function studies using targeted mutagenesis, which have revealed biological functions of each component of DGC in Schwann cells. Based on these findings, roles of dystroglycan in Schwann cell function, in myelination in particular, and its implications in diseases will be discussed in detail. Finally, in view of the fact that understanding the role of dystroglycan in Schwann cells is just beginning, future perspectives will be discussed.

scholarly journals Division of Labor of Schwann Cell Integrins during Migration on Peripheral Nerve Extracellular Matrix Ligands

1997 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Milner ◽  
Martin Wilby ◽  
Stephen Nishimura ◽  
Kevin Boylen ◽  
Gwynneth Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Division Of Labor
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