Improving Detection of Dementia in Asian Patients with Low Education: Combining the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaavya Narasimhalu ◽  
June Lee ◽  
Alexander P. Auchus ◽  
Christopher P.L.H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Low Education ◽  
State Examination

scholarly journals Combining functional scales and cognitive tests in screening for mild cognitive impairment at a university-based memory clinic in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabella Dutra de Abreu ◽  
Paula Villela Nunes ◽  
Breno Satler Diniz ◽  
Orestes Vicente Forlenza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination combined to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for the identification of mild cognitive impairment. METHOD: 191 elderly subjects were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and their informants were assessed with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their cognitive state (controls: n = 67, mild cognitive impairment: n = 65 and dementia: n = 59), which was ascertained by clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy of each test in the discrimination of diagnostic groups (mild cognitive impairment vs. controls, mild cognitive impairment vs. dementia and dementia vs. controls) was examined with the aid of ROC curves. We additionally verified if the combination of both tests would increase diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and control identification. RESULTS: The combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly scores did not increase the Mini-Mental State Examination diagnostic accuracy in the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The present data do not warrant the combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly as a sufficient diagnostic tool in the diagnostic screening for mild cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Déficit Cognitivo em Idosos Hospitalizados Segundo Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM): Revisão Narrativa

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristela Prado e Silva Nazario ◽  
Vitor Hugo Tomaz Silva ◽  
Ana Cristina Duarte Oliveira Martinho ◽  
Juliana Santi Sagin Pinto Bergamim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
State Examination

ResumoO presente estudo teve como intuito realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre o déficit cognitivo em idosos hospitalizados e institucionalizados, que utilizaram como instrumento avaliador o Mini Exame do Estado Mental - MEEM. Sendo este, um exame de fácil e rápida aplicação, abrangendo todos os aspectos cognitivos em sete categorias, atribuindo de 0 a 30 pontos. Realizado no período de maio a novembro de 2017, nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed com publicações de 2001 a 2017. Os artigos selecionados apontaram um declínio cognitivo em idosos que foram submetidos à internações devido um quadro patológico agudo, ressaltando a existência de grupos de risco específicos. Questionando, assim, a idade como fator determinante no declínio cognitivo. A mudança de ambiente, imobilismo e depressão são os principais fatores responsáveis pelo déficit cognitivo gerado durante a hospitalização. Com o avanço desse processo, o idoso está susceptível a desenvolver incapacidade funcional e demência, tornando-o propenso a adquirir patologias segundarias. Os artigos deixam claro a importância do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) ser aplicado na primeira anamnese, durante a avaliação inicial e em exames de rotina, para acompanhar de forma concisa a evolução cognitiva do paciente, a fim de mensurar fatores individuais que predispõe o desenvolvimento do declínio e tracejar objetivos que diminuam danos irreversíveis no paciente. Conclui-se que novos estudos devem ser realizados para verificar esse declínio no ambiente hospitalar e fora dele, possibilitando um comparativo de esclarecimento sobre os idosos apresentarem sinais de declínio cognitivo previamente á internação, cujo ambiente hospitalar apenas agravaria esse quadro ou se desenvolveram de forma aguda o declínio cognitivo.Palavras-chave: Idosos. Hospitalização. Avaliação. Cognição.AbstractThe present study aimed to conduct a narrative review of cognitive deficit in hospitalized and institutionalized elderly people using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) as an evaluation tool. This being an examination of easy and quick application, covering all the cognitive aspects in seven categories, assigning from 0 to 30 points. Held in the period from May to November 2017, in the databases Scielo, Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed with publications from 2001 to 2017. The articles selected indicated a cognitive decline in the elderly who were submitted to hospitalizations due to an acute pathological condition, highlighting the existence of specific risk groups. Thus, questioning age as a determining factor in cognitive decline. The change of environment, immobility and depression are the main factors responsible for the cognitive deficit generated during hospitalization. With the advancement of this process, the elderly are susceptible to developing functional disability and dementia, making them prone to acquire secondary pathologies. The articles make clear the importance of the Mini Mental State Examination - MMSE to be applied in the first anamnesis, during the initial evaluation and in routine exams, to follow the patient’s cognitive evolution in a concise way, in order to measure individual factors that predispose The development of decline, and the development of goals that reduce irreversible damage to the patient. It is concluded that new studies must be carried out to verify this decline in the hospital environment and beyond, allowing a comparative explanation about the elderly presenting signs of cognitive decline before hospitalization, whose hospital environment would only aggravate this condition or if they developed acutely Cognitive decline.Keywords: Elderly. Hospitalization. Evaluation. Cognition

Assessment of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly by Informant Interview

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Jorm ◽  
A. E. Korten
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
State Examination

Cognitive decline in a sample of 64 elderly people was assessed by a standardised informant interview dealing with changes in memory and intelligence which had taken place in the previous 10 years. Scores from the interview were found to correlate (r=0.74) with the Mini-Mental State Examination. Moreover, the informant interview was found to be less affected by pre-morbid ability than the MMSE. Direct assessment of decline by informants may be a solution to the problem of contamination by pre-morbid ability which affects traditional cognitive screening instruments.

scholarly journals One Size Does Not Fit All: Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale and the Mini Mental State Examination in a Memory Clinic Population with Very Low Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Goudsmit ◽  
Jos van Campen ◽  
Thelma Schilt ◽  
Chris Hinnen ◽  
Sanne Franzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Large Correlation ◽  
Low Education ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Clinic Population

Background: Diagnosing dementia in elderly immigrants is often difficult due to language and cultural barriers, low education, and illiteracy. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) to that of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methods: A total of 144 patients (42 with intact cognition, 44 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 58 with dementia) were administered both instruments and were diagnosed by specialists blinded for MMSE and RUDAS results. Results: Areas under the curve for discriminating intact cognition from MCI and dementia were comparable for RUDAS (0.81; 95% confidence interval 0.74–0.88) and MMSE (0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.69–0.85). Education and literacy were not correlated with the RUDAS but had a medium-large correlation with the MMSE (rho = 0.39). Conclusions: The study provides additional evidence for the usefulness of the RUDAS in a highly illiterate, culturally diverse geriatric outpatient population.

scholarly journals The role of education in mini-mental state examination: a study in Northeast Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (2a) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto de Brito-Marques ◽  
José Eulálio Cabral-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Total Test

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that schooling can influence performance in cognitive assessement tests. In developing countries, formal education is limited for most people. The use of tests such as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), could have an adverse effect on the evaluation of illiterate and low education individuals. OBJECTIVE: To propose a new version of MMSE as a screening test to assess Illiterate and low education people. METHOD: A study was carried out enrolling 232 individuals, aged 60 or more of low and middle socio-economic classes. Three groups were studied: Illiterate;1-4 schooling years; 5-8 schooling years. The new version (MMSEmo) consisted of modifications in copy and calculation items of the adapted MMSE (MMSEad) to Portuguese language. The maximum possible score was the same in the two versions: total, 30; copy, 1 and calculation, 5. RESULTS: In the total test score ANOVA detected main effects for education and test, as well as an interaction between these factors: higher schooling individuals performed better than lower schooling ones in both test versions; scores in MMSE-mo were higher than in MMSE-ad in every schooling group. CONCLUSION: Higher schooling levels improve the perfomance in both test versions, the copy and calculation items contributing to this improvement. This might depend on cultural factors. The use of MMSE-mo in illiterate and low school individuals could prevent false positive and false negative cognitive evaluations.

The Elderly Expectations of the Caregiver’s Sociodemographic Preferences: a Qualitative Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Gondodiputro ◽  
Dahlia Santika Hutasoit ◽  
Lina Rahmiati
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Volunteer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
State Examination

Prevalence of chronic diseases and disability will increase at the advancing age. In the future, the need for the caregiver will increase. Only few studies about the expectations of the elderly towards the sociodemographics status of the caregiver found. Unfulfilled expectations of the elderly towards their caregivers may cause both health and non-health issues. The purpose of this study was to explore the elderly expectations of the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A qualitative study was carried out to 7 elderly aged 64–77 years old from July to August 2018 in Bandung city. These elderly selected from 7 integrated care posts (pos pembinaan terpadu/posbindu) that met the inclusion criteria: aged 60 years old and above; male or female; capable of communicating adeptly, and no dementia by undergoing the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). A one-on-one interview was conducted at the residence of the elderly using an interview guide consisted of several opened questions related to the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A content analysis was carried out. This study discovered that the elderly preferred their family members or relatives whom they can trust to become their caregivers (their children and grandchildren). Most of these elderly also preferred daughters who live with them and has a decent income. If the family members could not become their caregiver then their neighbor or a community volunteer/cadre, they knew well, and trust to be their caregiver. It concluded that the elderly prefer their daughters who live with them and has a decent income to be their caregivers. EKSPEKTASI USIA LANJUT TERHADAP STATUS SOSIODEMOGRAFI CAREGIVER: SUATU PENDEKATAN KUALITATIFPrevalensi penyakit kronis dan disablilitas akan meningkat dengan pertambahan usia. Hal ini berdampak pada kebutuhan terhadap caregiver akan meningkat pula. Penelitian tentang ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver belum banyak dilakukan. Ekspektasi usia lanjut merupakan faktor penting karena bila ekspektasi tersebut tidak terpenuhi maka akan berisiko timbul masalah kesehatan dan nonkesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengeksplorasi ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver. Studi kualitatif dilakukan terhadap 7 orang usia lanjut berusia 64–77 tahun pada Juli hingga Agustus 2018 di Kota Bandung. Para usia lanjut berasal dari 7 pos pembinaan terpadu (posbindu) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu usia ≥60 tahun, laki-laki atau perempuan, dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik, dan tidak demensia dengan dilakukan mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Wawancara dilakukan di kediaman informan masing-masing menggunakan panduan wawancara terkait pertanyaan dengan preferensi sosiodemografi caregiver. Analisis konten dilakukan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa usia lanjut lebih memilih anggota keluarga mereka yang dapat dipercaya untuk menjadi caregiver terutama anak dan cucu. Anak perempuan yang tinggal bersama usia lanjut dan memiliki penghasilan layak menjadi pilihan utama. Jika anggota keluarga tidak dapat menjadi caregiver maka tetangga atau kader yang mereka kenal baik dan dipercaya menjadi pilihan. Simpulan, pilihan utama caregiver bagi usia lanjut, yaitu anak perempuan mereka yang tinggal bersama dan memiliki penghasilan layak.

Medical Complications Predict Cognitive Decline in Nondemented Hip Fracture Patients—Results of a Prospective Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Hack ◽  
Daphne Eschbach ◽  
Rene Aigner ◽  
Ludwig Oberkircher ◽  
Steffen Ruchholtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
State Examination

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify factors that are associated with cognitive decline in the long-term follow-up after hip fractures in previously nondemented patients. Methods: A consecutive series of 402 patients with hip fractures admitted to our university hospital were analyzed. After exclusion of all patients with preexisting dementia, 266 patients were included, of which 188 could be examined 6 months after surgery. Additional to several demographic data, cognitive ability was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Patients with 19 or less points on the MMSE were considered demented. Furthermore, geriatric scores were recorded, as well as perioperative medical complications. Mini-Mental State Examination was performed again 6 months after surgery. Results: Of 188 previously nondemented patients, 12 (6.4%) patients showed a cognitive decline during the 6 months of follow-up. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age ( P = .040) and medical complications ( P = .048) were the only significant independent influencing factors for cognitive decline. Conclusions: In our patient population, the incidence of dementia exceeded the average age-appropriate cognitive decline. Significant independent influencing factors for cognitive decline were age and medical complications.

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