Prevention of Hypertension with or without Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition Precludes Nephrin Loss in the Early Stage of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. p57-p64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Bleuel Amazonas ◽  
Rodrigo de Almeida Sanita ◽  
Hiroshi Kawachi ◽  
José B. Lopes de Faria
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension

scholarly journals Renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of renal excretory function in case of experimental diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 636-642
Author(s):  
О.А. Olenovych
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Pharmacological Blockade

Background. The purpose of the study was to explore the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the disturbance of renal excretory function in the dynamics of alloxan-induced experimental diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 78 white non-linear mature male rats with 11-, 26- and 46-day long experimental diabetes mellitus caused by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan (160 mg/kg), against the background of pharmacological blockade of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, induced by intraperitoneal administration of сaptopril (10 mg/kg). The study of excretory function of the kidneys was provided by the clearance method under the condition of induced water 2-hour diuresis to determine the clearance of endogenous creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, relative water reabsorption, protein content in urine, its excretion. Results. Analysis of changes in renal function after pharmacological blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in rats on day 11 of alloxan diabetes showed a significant increase in diuresis, glomerular filtration rate, endogenous creatinine concentration index, and protein excretion. The pharmacological blockade of the renin-angiotensin system had practically no effect on the intensity of the relative reabsorption of water in alloxan-diabetic rats. On day 26 of alloxan diabetes after captopril administration, there was a slight decrease in final urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, relative water reabsorption, and endogenous creatinine concentration index. At the same time, captopril did not cause an antiproteinuric effect, and protein excretion even demonstrated a tendency to increase. On day 46 of alloxan-induced diabetes after administration of captopril, there was a significant reduction in diuresis, endogenous creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate of rats, as well as in urinary protein concentration and excretion. Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the initial stage of renal disorders formation in alloxan-induced experimental diabetes is associated with hemodynamic-hyperperfusion nature of renal functioning with preserved renal functional reserve and the structure of the glomerular-tubular apparatus of the kidney, autoregulatory mechanisms. Mentioned compensatory-functional changes in renal function are gradually complicated by an exhaustion of renal functional reserve and pathological activation of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system with subsequent progression of hyperperfusion-ischemic kidney damage, a decrease in the number of functioning nephrons.

UPREGULATION OF RENIN ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM IN TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e377-e378
Author(s):  
L. Morais ◽  
I. Watanabe ◽  
M. Franco ◽  
D. Arita ◽  
M. Gabbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

scholarly journals MMP-10 is Increased in Early Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease and can be Reduced by Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Mora-Gutiérrez ◽  
José Antonio Rodríguez ◽  
María A. Fernández-Seara ◽  
Josune Orbe ◽  
Francisco Javier Escalada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases have been implicated in diabetic microvascular complications. However, little is known about the pathophysiological links between MMP-10 and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We tested the hypothesis that MMP-10 may be up-regulated in early stage DKD, and could be down-regulated by angiotensin II receptor blockade (telmisartan). Serum MMP-10 and TIMP-1 levels were measured in 268 type 2 diabetic subjects and 111 controls. Furthermore, histological and molecular analyses were performed to evaluate the renal expression of Mmp10 and Timp1 in a murine model of early type 2 DKD (db/db) after telmisartan treatment. MMP-10 (473 ± 274 pg/ml vs. 332 ± 151; p = 0.02) and TIMP-1 (573 ± 296 ng/ml vs. 375 ± 317; p < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients as compared to controls. An early increase in MMP-10 and TIMP-1 was observed and a further progressive elevation was found as DKD progressed to end-stage renal disease. Diabetic mice had 4-fold greater glomerular Mmp10 expression and significant albuminuria compared to wild-type, which was prevented by telmisartan. MMP-10 and TIMP-1 are increased from the early stages of type 2 diabetes. Prevention of MMP-10 upregulation observed in diabetic mice could be another protective mechanism of RAS blockade in DKD.

Transient renin–angiotensin system stimulation in an early stage of life causes sustained hypertension in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2369-2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart F.J. Heijnen ◽  
Carine J. Peutz-Kootstra ◽  
John J. Mullins ◽  
Ben J.A. Janssen ◽  
Harry A.J. Struijker-Boudier
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Sustained Hypertension

scholarly journals Possible Mechanisms of Local Tissue Renin-Angiotensin System Activation in the Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin R. Hayden ◽  
Kurt M. Sowers ◽  
Lakshmi Pulakat ◽  
Tejaswini Joginpally ◽  
Bennett Krueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Local Tissue ◽  
System Activation

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 perturbs the renin-angiotensin system and energy metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. E43-E47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Mori ◽  
Gavin Y. Oudit ◽  
Gary D. Lopaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Ras Family ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is threating our health systems and daily lives and is responsible for causing substantial morbidity and mortality. In particular, aged individuals and individuals with comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, have significantly higher risks of hospitalization and death than normal individuals. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), belonging to the RAS family, has received much attention during this COVID-19 pandemic, owing to the fact that SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 as a receptor for cellular entry. Additionally, the RAS greatly affects energy metabolism in certain pathological conditions, including cardiac failure, diabetes mellitus, and viral infections. This article discusses the potential mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 modulates the RAS and energy metabolism in individuals with obesity and diabetes mellitus. The article aims to highlight the appropriate strategies for combating the COVID-19 pandemic in the clinical setting and emphasize on the areas that require further investigation in relation to COVID-19 infections in patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus from the viewpoint of endocrinology and metabolism.

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