Aluminosilicate-lnduced Free Radical Generation by Murine Brain Glial Cells in vitro: Potential Significance in the Aetiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's Dementia

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Evans ◽  
Ernst Peterhans ◽  
Thomas Bürge ◽  
Jacek Klinowski
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Alzheimer's Dementia ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Murine Brain

Humic-like substances in cigarette smoke condensate and lung tissue of smokers

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. L382-L388 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ghio ◽  
J. Stonehuerner ◽  
D. R. Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Carboxylate Content ◽  
Radical Generation

Deposition of pigmented matter in the lower respiratory tract correlates with the extent of emphysema in smokers as well as with free radical generation and iron accumulation. Pulmonary emphysema is postulated to be mediated by free radical generation which is either directly or indirectly associated with cigarette smoke exposure. The hypothesis was tested that 1) incomplete combustion of tobacco yields humic-like substances (HLS) which 2) deposit in the lung as pigmented particulates, 3) complex iron cations in vitro and in vivo, and 4) have a capacity to catalyze oxidant formation. HLS, isolated by alkali extraction of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) (Tobacco Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky), demonstrated a high carbon and low carboxylate content on elemental and functional group analyses, respectively, compared with values for HLS sequestered from soils. The HLS isolated from CSC had a capacity to complex iron in vitro and accumulated the metal in vivo after intratracheal instillation in an animal model. Both HLS and its iron complex generated free radicals, and some portion of this oxidant generation was metal dependent. Lung tissue collected at autopsy from smokers contained HLS with an infrared spectrum almost identical to that of the material isolated from CSC. Associations between particulate deposition, metal accumulation, and free radical generation suggest a possible role of HLS in the induction of lung disease following cigarette exposure.

Pyruvate enhances recovery of rat hearts after ischemia and reperfusion by preventing free radical generation

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (5) ◽  
pp. H1571-H1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. DeBoer ◽  
P. A. Bekx ◽  
L. Han ◽  
L. Steinke
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Anoxic Injury ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Radical Generation

Pyruvate protects myocardium from ischemic and anoxic injury, effects that have been attributed to beneficial metabolic alterations. Pyruvate also reacts with hydrogen peroxide in vitro, and pyruvate prevents free radical injury in other organs. Hearts supplied with 2 mM of pyruvate with glucose during reperfusion recovered significantly more mechanical function (81%) than those provided with 2 mM of acetate (which does not react with free radicals) and glucose (49%) or glucose alone (27%). Pyruvate significantly reduced free radical generation during reperfusion as measured with electron spin resonance using the spin-trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide. In a model of direct oxidant stress, hearts were perfused with 0.28 mM of hydrogen peroxide. In this model, loss of function was almost entirely prevented by addition of 2 mM of pyruvate. From these results we conclude an important mechanism of protection when pyruvate is supplied during reperfusion is limitation of oxygen-derived free radical damage.

The Inhibition of Free Radical Generation by Preparations of Harpagophytum procumbens in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Grant ◽  
Douglas E. McBean ◽  
Lorna Fyfe ◽  
A. Mary Warnock
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Harpagophytum Procumbens ◽  
Radical Generation
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