Electrical Stimulation of the Globus pallidus Preceding Stereotactic Posteroventral Pallidotomy

1996 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Beriç ◽  
Djordje Sterio ◽  
Michael Dogali ◽  
Ron Alterman ◽  
Patrick Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Posteroventral Pallidotomy ◽  
Stimulation Of

The mechanism and effect of chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus for treatment of Parkinson disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Ogura ◽  
Naoyuki Nakao ◽  
Ekini Nakai ◽  
Yuji Uematsu ◽  
Toru Itakura
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

Object. Although chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus (GP) has been shown to ameliorate motor disabilities in Parkinson disease (PD), the underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study the authors explored the mechanism for the effects of deep brain stimulation of the GP by investigating the changes in neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the stimulation. Methods. Thirty patients received chronic electrical stimulation of the GP internus (GPi). Clinical effects were assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn and Yahr Staging Scale at 1 week before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. One day after surgery, CSF samples were collected through a ventricular tube before and 1 hour after GPi stimulation. The concentration of neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, dopamine, and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the CSF was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The treatment was effective for tremors, rigidity, and drug-induced dyskinesia. The concentration of GABA in the CSF increased significantly during stimulation, although there were no significant changes in the level of noradrenaline, dopamine, and HVA. A comparison between an increased rate of GABA concentration and a lower UPDRS score 6 months postimplantation revealed that the increase in the GABA level correlated with the stimulation-induced clinical effects. Conclusions. Stimulation of the GPi substantially benefits patients with PD. The underlying mechanism of the treatment may involve activation of GABAergic afferents in the GP.

Treatment of idiopathic head drop (camptocephalia) by deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damianos E. Sakas ◽  
Ioannis G. Panourias ◽  
Efstathios J. Boviatsis ◽  
Marios S. Themistocleous ◽  
Lambis C. Stavrinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus Internus ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Lying Down ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus has been shown to be beneficial in a small number of patients suffering from axial dystonias. However, it has not yet been reported as an effective treatment for the alleviation of idiopathic head drop. The authors describe a 49-year-old woman with idiopathic cervical dystonia (camptocephalia) who was unable to raise her head > 30° when standing or sitting; her symptoms would abate when lying down. This disabling neurological condition was treated successfully with bilateral chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus.

Benefit of chronic electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in the treatment of dystonia

2002 ◽  
Vol 1232 ◽  
pp. 871-876
Author(s):  
Chikashi Fukaya ◽  
Yoichi Katayama ◽  
Kazutaka Kobayashi ◽  
Masahiko Kasai ◽  
Hideki Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Globus Pallidus Internus ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in patients with primary generalized dystonia: long-term results

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Coubes ◽  
Laura Cif ◽  
Hassan El Fertit ◽  
Simone Hemm ◽  
Nathalie Vayssiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Globus Pallidus Internus ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generalized Dystonia ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

Object. Primary generalized dystonia (PGD) is a medically refractory disease of the brain causing twisting or spasmodic movements and abnormal postures. In more than 30% of cases it is associated with the autosomal DYT1 mutation. Continuous electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) has been used successfully in the treatment of PGD. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of PGD in children and adults with and without the DYT1 mutation. Methods. Thirty-one patients with PGD were selected for surgery. Electrodes were bilaterally implanted under stereotactic guidance and connected to neurostimulators that were inserted subcutaneously. Efficacy was evaluated by comparing scores on the clinical and functional Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) before and after implantation. The efficacy of stimulation improved with time. After 2 years, compared with preoperative values, the mean (± standard deviation) clinical and functional BFMDRS scores had improved by 79 ± 19% and 65 ± 33%, respectively. At the 2-year follow-up examination the improvement was comparable in patients with and without the DYT1 mutation in both the functional (p = 0.12) and clinical (p = 0.33) scores. Children displayed greater improvements in the clinical score than adult patients (p = 0.04) at 2 years of follow up. In contrast, there was no significant difference in functional scores between children and adults (p = 0.95). Conclusions. Electrical stimulation of the GPi is an effective, reversible, and adaptable treatment for PGD and should be considered for conditions refractory to pharmaceutical therapies.

Melatonin levels in Parkinson's disease: Drug therapy versus electrical stimulation of the internal globus pallidus

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. CatalÁ ◽  
C. CaÑete-NicolÁs ◽  
A. Iradi ◽  
F.J. Tarazona ◽  
J.M. Tormos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Internal Globus Pallidus ◽  
Stimulation Of
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