Changes in White Matter Late after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Tasker
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Moderate–severe traumatic brain injury causes delayed loss of white matter integrity: Evidence of fornix deterioration in the chronic stage of injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1415-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areeba Adnan ◽  
Adrian Crawley ◽  
David Mikulis ◽  
Morris Moscovitch ◽  
Brenda Colella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
Injury Causes

Whole brain white matter integrity measures on patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). FA and entropy analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Charalambos Yiannakkaras ◽  
Nikos Konstantinou ◽  
Eva Pettemeridou ◽  
Fofi Constantinidou ◽  
Eleni Eracleous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Entropy Analysis ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain White Matter

scholarly journals Long-Term White Matter Changes after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dinkel ◽  
A. Drier ◽  
O. Khalilzadeh ◽  
V. Perlbarg ◽  
V. Czernecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
White Matter Changes

scholarly journals 1173 FATIGUE AND SLEEP SLOW OSCILLATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY FOLLOWING MODERATE TO SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

SLEEP ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A437-A438
Author(s):  
E Sanchez ◽  
C Arbour ◽  
H El-Khatib ◽  
C Bedetti ◽  
H Blais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Slow Oscillations

Loss of white matter connections after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its relationship to social cognition

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skye McDonald ◽  
Katie I. Dalton ◽  
Jacqueline A. Rushby ◽  
Ramon Landin-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

scholarly journals Self-Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization of CT Images for Diagnosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zongtao Wu ◽  
Jingku Ma ◽  
Xiaolong Zhou ◽  
Xiumei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
High Density ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Naloxone Hydrochloride

This paper aimed to explore the application values of computed tomography (CT) imaging in the treatment of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI), to provide help in the treatment of STBI. In this study, 86 patients with STBI were selected as the research objects and examined by CT based on a self-adaptive particle swarm algorithm (APSO). Besides, patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen, high-dose hormone shock, and naloxone hydrochloride. The results showed that there was a locally low-density brain contusion and laceration injury area, spot-like high-density hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the images of CT examination. The ventricles of diffuse brain injury were compressed and reduced, and the white matter indicated that the ventricles and cisterns became smaller. Asymmetric hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage were scattered at the white matter junction. In short, subarachnoid hemorrhage, spot-like high-density hemorrhage at the injury site, and diminished ventricles were typical CT imaging manifestations of STBI. Naloxone hydrochloride method could effectively alleviate the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (23.47 ± 3.45) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) (0.16 ± 0.06) of patients, which had reliable guiding significance for the later CT examination clinically.

scholarly journals Diffuse axonal injury predicts neurodegeneration after moderate–severe traumatic brain injury

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S N Graham ◽  
Amy Jolly ◽  
Karl Zimmerman ◽  
Niall J Bourke ◽  
Gregory Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Traumatic brain injury is associated with elevated rates of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In experimental models, diffuse axonal injury triggers post-traumatic neurodegeneration, with axonal damage leading to Wallerian degeneration and toxic proteinopathies of amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau. However, in humans the link between diffuse axonal injury and subsequent neurodegeneration has yet to be established. Here we test the hypothesis that the severity and location of diffuse axonal injury predicts the degree of progressive post-traumatic neurodegeneration. We investigated longitudinal changes in 55 patients in the chronic phase after moderate–severe traumatic brain injury and 19 healthy control subjects. Fractional anisotropy was calculated from diffusion tensor imaging as a measure of diffuse axonal injury. Jacobian determinant atrophy rates were calculated from serial volumetric T1 scans as a measure of measure post-traumatic neurodegeneration. We explored a range of potential predictors of longitudinal post-traumatic neurodegeneration and compared the variance in brain atrophy that they explained. Patients showed widespread evidence of diffuse axonal injury, with reductions of fractional anisotropy at baseline and follow-up in large parts of the white matter. No significant changes in fractional anisotropy over time were observed. In contrast, abnormally high rates of brain atrophy were seen in both the grey and white matter. The location and extent of diffuse axonal injury predicted the degree of brain atrophy: fractional anisotropy predicted progressive atrophy in both whole-brain and voxelwise analyses. The strongest relationships were seen in central white matter tracts, including the body of the corpus callosum, which are most commonly affected by diffuse axonal injury. Diffuse axonal injury predicted substantially more variability in white matter atrophy than other putative clinical or imaging measures, including baseline brain volume, age, clinical measures of injury severity and microbleeds (>50% for fractional anisotropy versus <5% for other measures). Grey matter atrophy was not predicted by diffuse axonal injury at baseline. In summary, diffusion MRI measures of diffuse axonal injury are a strong predictor of post-traumatic neurodegeneration. This supports a causal link between axonal injury and the progressive neurodegeneration that is commonly seen after moderate/severe traumatic brain injury but has been of uncertain aetiology. The assessment of diffuse axonal injury with diffusion MRI is likely to improve prognostic accuracy and help identify those at greatest neurodegenerative risk for inclusion in clinical treatment trials.

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