Nuclear Factor-ĸB- and Glucocorticoid Receptor α- Mediated Mechanisms in the Regulation of Systemic and Pulmonary Inflammation during Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Umberto Meduri ◽  
Muthiah P. Muthiah ◽  
Pierluigi Carratù ◽  
Mahmoud Eltorky ◽  
George P. Chrousos
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Nuclear Factor

scholarly journals Aquaporin 5 –1364A/C Promoter Polymorphism Is Associated with Pulmonary Inflammation and Survival in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Rahmel ◽  
Katharina Rump ◽  
Jürgen Peters ◽  
Michael Adamzik
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Aqp5 Expression

Abstract Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New Background The aquaporin-5 (AQP5) –1364A/C promoter single-nucleotide polymorphism is associated with an altered AQP5 expression and mortality in sepsis. Because AQP5 expression alters neutrophil cell migration, it could affect pulmonary inflammation and survival in bacterially evoked acute respiratory distress syndrome. Accordingly, the authors tested the hypotheses that the AC/CC genotype in patients with bacterially evoked pneumonia resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome is associated with (1) attenuated pulmonary inflammation and (2) higher 30-day survival. Methods In this prospective, observational study, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood sampling were performed within 24 h of intensive care unit admission. In 136 Caucasian patients with bacterially evoked acute respiratory distress syndrome, genotype of the AQP5 –1364A/C promoter polymorphism, bronchoalveolar lavage total protein, albumin, white cell concentrations, and lactate dehydrogenase activity were measured to evaluate the relationship between genotypes and survival. Results AC/CC patients as well as survivors showed lower bronchoalveolar lavage protein (0.9 mg/ml vs. 2.3 mg/ml, P < 0.001 and 1.6 mg/ml vs. 2.6 mg/ml, P = 0.035), albumin (0.2 mg/ml vs. 0.6 mg/ml, P = 0.019 and 0.3 mg/ml vs. 0.6 mg/ml, P = 0.028), leukocytes (424 /ml vs. 1,430/ml; P = 0.016 and 768 /ml vs. 1,826/ml; P = 0.025), and lactate dehydrogenase activity (82 U/l vs. 232 U/l; P = 0.006 and 123 U/l vs. 303 U/l; P = 0.020). Thirty-day survival was associated with AQP5 –1364A/C genotypes (P = 0.005), with survival of 62% for AA genotypes (58 of 93) but 86% for C-allele carriers (37 of 43). Furthermore, multiple proportional hazard analysis revealed the AA genotype was at high risk for death within 30 days (hazard ratio, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.38 to 9.07; P = 0.009). Conclusions In acute respiratory distress syndrome attributable to bacterial pneumonia, the C-allele of the AQP5 –1364A/C promoter polymorphism is associated with an attenuated pulmonary inflammation and higher 30-day survival. Thus, the AQP5 genotype impacts on inflammation and prognosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Increased Levels of Nuclear Factor κB and Fos-Related Antigen 1 in Lung Tissues From Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-654
Author(s):  
Rafal Fudala ◽  
Timothy Craig Allen ◽  
Agnieszka Krupa ◽  
Philip T. Cagle ◽  
Sandra Nash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cell Marker

Abstract Context.—Both nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases, including acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Objective.—To evaluate lung tissues from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome for presence of nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1. Design.—Lung tissue sections from 5 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and sections of normal lung tissues of 4 patients were stained with antibodies against epithelial cell marker (surfactant protein B) and nuclear factor κB or Fos-related antigen 1. Samples were analyzed using confocal laser microscopy. Results.—We have detected significantly increased levels of activated nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 in lung tissues from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome compared with control tissues, suggesting that these transcription factors undergo activation in lungs of patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions.—Our data demonstrate that activated nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 are elevated in epithelial cells in lung tissues of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

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