Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Renal Disease: Recent Developments and Future Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. c37-c44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fenchel ◽  
Kambiz Nael ◽  
Stefan Herget-Rosenthal ◽  
Mayil Krishnam ◽  
Stefan G. Ruehm
2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. c1-c8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Doyle ◽  
Patrick B. Mark ◽  
Nicola Johnston ◽  
John Foster ◽  
John M.C. Connell ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
James F. Glockner ◽  
Kazuhiro Kitajima ◽  
Akira Kawashima

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides excellent anatomic detail and soft tissue contrast for the evaluation of patients with renal disease. MRI needs longer scan time than computed tomography (CT); however, no radiation is involved. Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used to help provide additional image contrast during MRI. MRI is indicated for characterization of renal mass, staging of malignant renal neoplasms, and determination of vena cava involvement by the renal tumour. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography is widely accepted as a non-invasive imaging work-up of renal artery stenosis. MR urography is an alternative to CT urography to assess the upper urinary tract but does not identify urinary calculi. Diffusion-weighted imaging is a functional MR technique being used to characterize parenchymal renal disease and renal tumours. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a rare but debilitating and potentially life-threatening condition which has been linked to exposure of GBCAs in patients with severe renal insufficiency. The risk versus benefit must be assessed before proceeding.


1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Razavi ◽  
Edward Baker

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE heart started in the 1970's, over the subsequent 25 years, enormous advances have been made in both the hardware and software of magnetic resonance imaging machines so that we can now obtain fast, detailed and accurate images of the heart and great vessels. In chronological terms, therefore, we can say that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has come of age. In this article we will highlight some of the clinical applications of different magnetic resonance imaging techniques, as well as some recent developments. We will demonstrate that, in clinical investigation of congenital heart disease, magnetic resonance imaging has truly come of age.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin M. Scholz ◽  
Goran Kusec ◽  
Alva D. Mitchell ◽  
Ulrich Baulain

Regional markets require a large variety of pig breeds and pork products. Noninvasive techniques like computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computer vision, or, very often, ultrasound helps to provide the information required for breeding, quality control, payment, and processing. Meanwhile, computed tomography is being used as phenotyping tool by leading pig breeding organizations around the world, while ultrasound B- or A-mode techniques belong to the standard tools, especially to measure subcutaneous fat and muscle traits. Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, however, are still mainly used as research tools to develop and characterize new phenotypic traits, which usually could not be measured without slaughtering the breeding pigs. A further noninvasive method—already used on a commercial basis, not only in abattoirs—is video 2D or 3D imaging. This chapter will review the latest developments for these noninvasive techniques.


e-Neuroforum ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thiel

AbstractThe marriage of psychopharmacology with functional neuroimaging enables the investi­gation of neurochemical modulation of cognitive functions in the human brain. From the point of basic neurocognitive research, pharmacological functional neuroimaging is hence a valuable completion of animal experiments. From the point of clinical neuro­science, pharmacological neuroimaging con­tributes to the understanding and development of pharmacological treatment ap­proaches for patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders. The present paper prov­ides an overview of the methodological approach and illustrates research findings and recent developments from pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging studies by means of selective examples from the dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotrans­mitter system.


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