Adolescent Obesity and Physical Activity

2005 ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Hwalla ◽  
Abla Mehio Sibai ◽  
Nada Adra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Obesity

scholarly journals Adolescent Obesity and its association with socio-demographic profile, lifestyle factors, dietary and physical activity patterns; findings from southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleye Abiodun Adeomi ◽  
Monday Daniel Olodu ◽  
Sodiq Yaya ◽  
Adediti Ademiju ◽  
Raphael Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family

Abstract BackgroundThe prevalence of adolescent obesity is rising in all parts of the world, but only very few studies have considered factors influencing obesity among Nigerian adolescents. This study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and its association with socio-demographic profile, lifestyle factors, dietary patterns and physical activity patterns among in-school adolescents in Southwest, Nigeria.MethodA total sample size of 400 in-school adolescents was selected through a multi-stage sampling technique from secondary schools in Ile-Ife. The dietary patterns were assessed using a 92-item QFFQ, while the activity patterns were assessed using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS.ResultThere were 211 (52.8%) males and 189 (47.3%) females, with mean ages of 14.8 ± 2.1 and 14.4 ± 1.9 years respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 12.8%, and the associated factors were age, sex, class, the number of children in the family, birth orders and the dietary pattern dominated by starchy foods, roots and tubers (p < 0.05). However, no significant relationship existed between adolescents’ obesity and lifestyle factors, as well as physical activity patterns (p > 0.05). After controlling for confounders, age, number of children and birth orders remained significant.ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight/obesity was relatively high among the respondents, and this was associated with the age, number of children in the family and the birth order of the adolescents. The findings of this study underscore the importance of family planning to the control of the obesity epidemic in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Semiparametric Estimation of the Impacts of Longitudinal Interventions on Adolescent Obesity using Targeted Maximum-Likelihood: Accessible Estimation with the ltmle Package

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Decker ◽  
Alan Hubbard ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi ◽  
Edmund Y.W. Seto ◽  
May C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Causal Inference ◽  
Semiparametric Estimation ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Targeted Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Longitudinal Treatment

AbstractWhile child and adolescent obesity is a serious public health concern, few studies have utilized parameters based on the causal inference literature to examine the potential impacts of early intervention. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the causal effects of early interventions to improve physical activity and diet during adolescence on body mass index (BMI), a measure of adiposity, using improved techniques. The most widespread statistical method in studies of child and adolescent obesity is multivariable regression, with the parameter of interest being the coefficient on the variable of interest. This approach does not appropriately adjust for time-dependent confounding, and the modeling assumptions may not always be met. An alternative parameter to estimate is one motivated by the causal inference literature, which can be interpreted as the mean change in the outcome under interventions to set the exposure of interest. The underlying data-generating distribution, upon which the estimator is based, can be estimated via a parametric or semi-parametric approach. Using data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study, a 10-year prospective cohort study of adolescent girls, we estimated the longitudinal impact of physical activity and diet interventions on 10-year BMI z-scores via a parameter motivated by the causal inference literature, using both parametric and semi-parametric estimation approaches. The parameters of interest were estimated with a recently released R package, ltmle, for estimating means based upon general longitudinal treatment regimes. We found that early, sustained intervention on total calories had a greater impact than a physical activity intervention or non-sustained interventions. Multivariable linear regression yielded inflated effect estimates compared to estimates based on targeted maximum-likelihood estimation and data-adaptive super learning. Our analysis demonstrates that sophisticated, optimal semiparametric estimation of longitudinal treatment-specific means via ltmle provides an incredibly powerful, yet easy-to-use tool, removing impediments for putting theory into practice.

scholarly journals Consumption of Hidden Sugars and Fats in Snacks by Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 374-379
Author(s):  
Ifraah Kulsum Khan ◽  
Asha G
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Somatic Status ◽  
Snack Consumption

Adolescent obesity is a leading global problem in the 21st century. It is increasing due to excess snack consumption, low physical activity, not following mindful eating. Objectives of the research were (1) To study consumption of hidden sugars and fats in snacks by adolescents, (2) To conduct market survey of packaged foods and to assess hidden sugar and fat content, (3) To assess dietary pattern and somatic status of subject. Methodology followed was Purposive random sampling of adolescents both girls and boys of age 16-18 years (N=100), questionnaire was constructed and validated, general information, anthropometric measurements and dietary information was collected, data was analysed statistically. Results and findings of this study were as follows, Majority (87) respondents were non-vegetarians and consumed snacks atleast twice daily. 47 respondents skipped breakfast always. 41 percent of respondents overate when hungry due to skipping previous meal. Mean consumption of fat (26 grams) and sugar (28 grams) from snacks. Body mass index reveals that 37 respondents were in normal category, 21 respondents were underweight, waist hip ratio revealed 89 adolescents were obese. 45 respondents were involved in physical activity every day. 21 respondents binged on snacks at midnight as an effect of disturbed sleep. Skipping breakfast, increased the intake of snacks and low physical activity are contributing factors to increased BMI and abdominal obesity which leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, high cholesterol levels and early morbidity in adulthood. There is a dire need for nutrition awareness among adolescence to make healthy food choices. Key words: adolescent, obesity, snacking, Hidden sugars, fat consumption.

scholarly journals Parental Factors Associated with Obesity in Korean Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5126
Author(s):  
Heun Keung Yoon ◽  
Gwang Suk Kim ◽  
Suhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Overweight Status ◽  
Parental Characteristics

Parental characteristics can influence adolescent obesity. However, the influence of parental characteristics on obesity may differ depending on the adolescent’s sex. This study evaluated parental characteristics that were associated with obesity in male and female adolescents. This study involved the secondary data analysis of cross-sectional survey data that were collected from June to September 2015. The study subjects included 1621 eighth-grade students. The study variables included sex, age, body mass index, household income, parental weight, parental perceptions of the child’s body, parental lifestyle, and parental social support for healthy eating and physical activity. The association between parental factors and adolescent obesity was analyzed via logistic regression analysis for each sex. Among male students, the fathers’ and mothers’ overweight status, fathers’ underestimation and overestimation of male adolescent weight, mothers’ dietary habits, and the mothers’ physical activity level were identified as obesity-associated factors. Among female students, the mothers’ overweight status, underestimation of female adolescent weight by fathers, dietary habits, and the physical activity level of fathers were significantly associated with adolescent obesity. The mothers’ overweight status and the underestimation of weight by fathers were strongly associated with obesity in male and female adolescents. Parental involvement in obesity-intervention programs could help prevent adolescent obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of After School Physical Activity Intervention to Reduce Obesity Among Indian Adolescent Boys

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
p Apte ◽  
S Rao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
School Intervention ◽  
After School ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
High Participation

Background: Obesity is increasing rapidly in developing countries undergoing rapid nutritional transition. This transition has affected the lifestyle with a reduction in the energy expenditure along with an increase in energy intake. Therefore, obesity has no longer remained a Western problem alone. However, in India little attention is paid towards adolescent obesity until recently. Subjects & methods: Boys (n=229) covering the age 9-15 years were included. Measurements at baseline and follow-up included weight, height, body fat %, skin fold thickness at four sites, waist circumference and blood pressure. After school intervention consisted of five 60 minutes sessions per week. After one academic year the effect of physical activity intervention on adiposity was evaluated. Results: Subjects with high participation in daily physical program of the school showed significant reduction in body fat (1.0 %), skin fold thickness at triceps (1.3mm) and biceps (1.2mm) as compared to their baseline measurement. Further the prevalence of overweight among high participation group showed significant decrease compared to low participation group. More importantly there was a significant reduction in all three indicators of central adiposity highlighting the beneficial effect of physical activity as an intervention in tackling the overall as well as central adiposity among adolescents. Our observation thus highlights the fact that though it may be difficult to administer dietary intervention in growing children there is a potential in administrating physical activity program for at least 50 minutes/ day for school children for combating adolescent obesity. Conclusion: Findings from the current study brings out for the first time highlights potential benefits of physical activity and the concern for introducing it into the curriculum on a daily basis rather than weekly basis which is currently prevalent in all the schools for better health of adolescents.

scholarly journals Effect of Physical Activity on Adolescent Obesity Status over Time: A Latent Growth Modeling Approach

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Sophia Jihey Chung
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Growth Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Over Time

This study aims to examine the longitudinal influence of physical activity (PA) on obesity among normal-weight adolescents in South Korea. A total of 1347 data samples from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey from 2011 to 2014 were used. Latent growth modeling was applied. PA was assessed by the hours spent on PA during physical education (PE) classes in the last week. Body mass index for age was considered to determine obesity status. PA during PE positively predicted the intercept of obesity status, but it was not associated with the slope of obesity status. Although a longitudinal effect of PA was not identified, PA could influence the initial status of obesity. Because obesity in early years could steadily influence future obesity status, early detection and intervention for adolescent obesity are necessary. Moreover, more studies examining the effect of PA during PE on obesity status among adolescents should be conducted to identify the association between PA during PE and obesity status over time.

scholarly journals Nutrition, physical activity, and gender risks for adolescent obesity in Southwestern Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
AhmedA Mahfouz ◽  
MohamedY Khan ◽  
OsamaA Mostafa ◽  
AbdullahS Shatoor ◽  
AsimA Daffalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Combining Activity Trackers With Motivational Interviewing and Mutual Support to Increase Physical Activity in Parent-Adolescent Dyads: Longitudinal Observational Feasibility Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josette Bianchi-Hayes ◽  
Elinor Schoenfeld ◽  
Rosa Cataldo ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Catherine Messina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Daily Step Count

BACKGROUND An essential component of any effective adolescent weight management program is physical activity (PA). PA levels drop dramatically in adolescence, contributing to the rising prevalence of adolescent obesity. Therefore, finding innovative interventions to address this decline in PA may help adolescents struggling with weight issues. The growing field of health technology provides potential solutions for addressing chronic health issues and lifestyle change, such as adolescent obesity. Activity trackers, used in conjunction with smartphone apps, can engage, motivate, and foster support among users while simultaneously providing feedback on their PA progress. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of a 10-week pilot study using smartphone-enabled activity tracker data to tailor motivation and goal setting on PA for overweight and obese adolescents and their parents. METHODS We queried enrolled adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years, with a body mass index at or above the 85th percentile, and 1 of their parents as to behaviors, barriers to change, and perceptions about exercise and health before and after the intervention. We captured daily step count and active minutes via activity trackers. Staff made phone calls to dyads at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after enrollment to set daily personalized step-count and minutes goals based on their prior data and age-specific US national guidelines. We evaluated dyad correlations using nonparametric Spearman rank order correlations. RESULTS We enrolled 9 parent-adolescent dyads. Mean adolescent age was 15 (SD 0.9) years (range 14-16 years; 4 female and 5 male participants); mean parent age was 47 (SD 8.0) years (range 36-66 years). On average, adolescents met their personalized daily step-count goals on 35% (range 11%-62%) of the days they wore their trackers; parents did so on 39% (range 3%-68%) of the days they wore their trackers. Adolescents met their active-minutes goals on 55% (range 27%-85%) of the days they wore their trackers; parents did so on 83% (range 52%-97%) of the days. Parent and adolescent success was strongly correlated (step count: r=.36, P=.001; active minutes: r=.30, P=.007). Parental age was inversely correlated with step-count success (r=–.78, P=.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate that parent-adolescent dyads have highly correlated PA success rates. This supports further investigation of family-centered weight management interventions for adolescents, particularly those that involve the parent and the adolescent working together.

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