Review of the Innate Immune Response in Acne vulgaris: Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Acne Triggers Inflammatory Cytokine Responses

Dermatology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 211 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Kim
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Ozone Enhances Pulmonary Innate Immune Response to a Toll-Like Receptor–2 Agonist

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy L. Oakes ◽  
Brian P. O’Connor ◽  
Laura A. Warg ◽  
Rachel Burton ◽  
Ashley Hock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Hemagglutinin protein of Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV) activates the innate immune response via Toll-like receptor 2 signaling

Virulence ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 690-703
Author(s):  
José M. Rojas ◽  
Elena Pascual ◽  
Sean R. Wattegedera ◽  
Miguel Avia ◽  
César Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Hemagglutinin Protein ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

Attenuation of toll-like receptor 2-mediated innate immune response in patients with alcoholic chronic liver disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pimentel-Nunes ◽  
Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque ◽  
Nádia Gonçalves ◽  
Cátia Fernandes-Cerqueira ◽  
Hélder Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptor 2 Mediates Alveolar Macrophage Response to Pneumocystis murina

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 1857-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Shao-Hung Wang ◽  
Mark E. Lasbury ◽  
Dennis Tschang ◽  
Chung-Ping Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

ABSTRACT The innate immune response to Pneumocystis infection is not well understood. In this study, normal C57BL/6 mouse alveolar macrophages were found to respond to Pneumocystis murina organisms through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), leading to the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the production of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). P. murina stimulation of normal alveolar macrophages from C57BL/6 mice resulted in increased TLR2 transcription but not increased TLR4 transcription. In gain-of-function studies with HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 or TLR4, only TLR2 was found to stimulate an NF-κB response to P. murina. TNF-α and MIP-2 production in response to P. murina by mouse alveolar macrophages was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody that specifically blocked the ligand-binding ability of TLR2. Alveolar macrophages from TLR2 knockout (TLR2−/−) mice showed little increase in TNF-α and MIP-2 mRNA levels upon P. murina stimulation. An in vivo study showed that TLR2−/− mice challenged with P. murina had reduced cytokine responses. These results indicate that TLR2 plays a major role in the innate immune response to P. murina.

Arg753Gln Polymorphisms in the Toll-Like Receptor 2 Gene are Associated with Cytomegalovirus Infection in Egyptian Bone Marrow Recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi ◽  
Samia Sayed ◽  
Mohamed A. Abd-Elhafez ◽  
Mohamed Elfiky ◽  
Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Tlr2 Gene ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

Background: Previous studies have shown that cytomegalovirus (CMV) induced innate immune response via activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). The association between CMV among specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR2 gene was also investigated. Objective: This study investigated the relationship between specific SNPs in the TLR2 gene (G>A), TLR2-Arg753Gln (rs5743708), and CMV replication after bone marrow transplantation. Methods: The TLR2-Arg753Gln SNP was genotyped in 181 patients after bone marrow transplantation: 83 and 98 patients with and without CMV infection, respectively. CMV load was determined in serially collected blood samples using real-time PCR. Genotyping was performed using specific sequence primer PCR (SSP-PCR), and the results were confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the PCR-amplified fragments for GG (wild type), GA and AA identification. Results: Roughly, 85% of the patients screened for the presence of the TLR2-Arg753Gln were GG homozygous, and 15% were GA heterozygous; no patients were homozygous for the mutant allele (A). The GA heterozygous allele was more frequent in the CMV-infected group after bone marrow transplantation. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is a novel observation that supports the notion that the functional missense mutation (TLR2-Arg753Gln polymorphism) is possibly associated with CMV replication after bone marrow transplantation. This suggests a role for TLR2 in the innate immune response of human CMV infection in Egyptian bone marrow recipients..

Toll-like receptor 2-mediated innate immune response in human nonparenchymal liver cells toward adeno-associated viral vectors

Hepatology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Hösel ◽  
Mathias Broxtermann ◽  
Hanna Janicki ◽  
Knud Esser ◽  
Silke Arzberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2
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