Transplantation of Neural Progenitor Cells into the Developing Retina of the Brazilian Opossum: An in vivo System for Studying Stem/Progenitor Cell Plasticity

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 336-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Sakaguchi ◽  
S.J. van Hoffelen ◽  
E. Theusch ◽  
E. Parker ◽  
J. Orasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Cell Plasticity

scholarly journals BRCA1 and ELK-1 regulate Neural Progenitor Cell Fate in the Optic Tectum in response to Visual Experience in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Chien Huang ◽  
Haiyan He ◽  
Aaron C. Ta ◽  
Caroline R. McKeown ◽  
Hollis T. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Optic Tectum ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cell ◽  
Neural Progenitor

In developing Xenopus tadpoles, the optic tectum begins to receive patterned visual input while visuomotor circuits are still undergoing neurogenesis and circuit assembly. This visual input regulates neural progenitor cell fate decisions such that maintaining tadpoles in the dark increases proliferation, expanding the progenitor pool, while visual stimulation promotes neuronal differentiation. To identify regulators of activity-dependent neural progenitor cell fate, we used RNA-Seq to profile the transcriptomes of proliferating neural progenitor cells and newly-differentiated immature neurons. Out of 1,130 differentially expressed (DE) transcripts, we identified six DE transcription factors which are predicted to regulate the majority of the other DE transcripts. Here we focused on Breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and the ETS-family transcription factor, ELK-1. BRCA1 is known for its role in cancers, but relatively little is known about its potential role in regulating neural progenitor cell fate. ELK-1 is a multifunctional transcription factor which regulates immediate early gene expression. We investigated the effect of BRCA1 and ELK-1 on activity-regulated neurogenesis in the tadpole visual system using in vivo timelapse imaging to monitor the fate of turbo-GFP-expressing SOX2+ neural progenitor cells in the optic tectum. Our longitudinal in vivo imaging analysis shows that knockdown of either BRCA1 or ELK-1 altered the fates of neural progenitor cells, and furthermore that the effects of visual experience on neurogenesis depend on BRCA1 expression, while the effects of visual experience on neuronal differentiation depend on ELK-1 expression. These studies provide insight into the potential mechanisms by which neural activity affects neural progenitor cell fate.

scholarly journals Myelin basic protein enhances axonal regeneration from neural progenitor cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjian Yan ◽  
Lei Chu ◽  
Xiaojiong Jia ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Si Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Myelin Basic Protein ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Introduction Stem cell therapy using neural progenitor cells (NPCs) shows promise in mitigating the debilitating effects of spinal cord injury (SCI). Notably, myelin stimulates axonal regeneration from mammalian NPCs. This led us to hypothesize that myelin-associated proteins may contribute to axonal regeneration from NPCs. Methods We conducted an R-based bioinformatics analysis to identify key gene(s) that may participate in myelin-associated axonal regeneration from murine NPCs, which identified the serine protease myelin basic protein (Mbp). We employed E12 murine NPCs, E14 rat NPCs, and human iPSC-derived Day 1 NPCs (D1 hNPCs) with or without CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Mbp knockout in combination with rescue L1-70 overexpression, constitutively-active VP16-PPARγ2, or the PPARγ agonist ciglitazone. A murine dorsal column crush model of SCI utilizing porous collagen-based scaffolding (PCS)-seeded murine NPCs with or without stable Mbp overexpression was used to assess locomotive recovery and axonal regeneration in vivo. Results Myelin promotes axonal outgrowth from NPCs in an Mbp-dependent manner and that Mbp’s stimulatory effects on NPC neurite outgrowth are mediated by Mbp’s production of L1-70. Furthermore, we determined that Mbp/L1-70’s stimulatory effects on NPC neurite outgrowth are mediated by PPARγ-based repression of neuron differentiation-associated gene expression and PPARγ-based Erk1/2 activation. In vivo, PCS-seeded murine NPCs stably overexpressing Mbp significantly enhanced locomotive recovery and axonal regeneration in post-SCI mice. Conclusions We discovered that Mbp supports axonal regeneration from mammalian NPCs through the novel Mbp/L1cam/Pparγ signaling pathway. This study suggests that bioengineered, NPC-based interventions can promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery post-SCI.

scholarly journals In vivo tracking of human neural progenitor cells in the rat brain using bioluminescence imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenija Bernau ◽  
Christina M. Lewis ◽  
Anna M. Petelinsek ◽  
Hélène A. Benink ◽  
Chad A. Zimprich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Human Neural Progenitor Cells

scholarly journals MYC Expression Promotes the Proliferation of Neural Progenitor Cells in Culture and In Vivo

Neoplasia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Fults ◽  
Carolyn Pedone ◽  
Chengkai Dai ◽  
Eric C. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Cells In Culture

scholarly journals Age-dependent visualization of neural progenitor cells within the rostral migratory stream via MRI and endogenously labeled micron-sized iron oxide particles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorela D. Shuboni-Mulligan ◽  
Shatadru Chakravarty ◽  
Christiane L. Mallett ◽  
Alexander M. Wolf ◽  
Stacey Forton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Rostral Migratory Stream ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Migratory Stream

AbstractThe subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the primary sources for rodent neural progenitor cells (NPC), however, aging greatly impacts the substructure of the region and rate of new cell birth. To determine if age impacts the rate of in vivo migration within animals, we examined the rostral migratory stream (RMS) of animals across 12 days using an established MRI technique. To visualize NPCs, we injected micron sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO) into the lateral ventricle to endogenously label cells within the SVZ, which then appeared as hypo-intensive spots within MR images. Our in vivo MRI data showed that the rate of migration was significantly different between all ages examined, with decreases in the distance traveled as age progressed. The total number of iron oxide labeled cells within the olfactory bulb on day 12, decrease significantly when compared across ages in ex vivo high-resolution scans. We also, for the first time, demonstrated the endogenous labeling of cells within the dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus. Here too, there was a significant decrease in the number of labeled cells within the structure across age. Histology of the NPCs verified the decrease in labeling of cells with doublecortin (DCX) as age progressed for both regions. The dramatic reduction of labeling in NPCs within the SVZ and DG observed with MRI, demonstrates the importance of understanding the impact of age on the relationship of NPC and disease.

scholarly journals δ-protocadherins control neural progenitor cell proliferation by antagonizing Ryk and Wnt/β-catenin signaling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayantanee Biswas ◽  
Michelle R. Emond ◽  
Kurtis Chenoweth ◽  
James D. Jontes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cell ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Canonical Wnt

AbstractThe proliferation of neural progenitor cells provides the cellular substrate from which the nervous system is sculpted during development. The δ-protocadherin family of homophilic cell adhesion molecules is essential for the normal development of the nervous system and has been linked to an array of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the biological functions of δ-protocadherins are not well-defined. Here, we show that the δ-protocadherins regulate proliferation in neural progenitor cells, as lesions in each of six, individual δ-protocadherin genes increase cell division in the developing hindbrain. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is upregulated in δ-protocadherin mutants and inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway occludes the observed proliferation increases. We show that the δ-protocadherins physically associate with the Wnt receptor Ryk, and that Ryk is required for the increased proliferation in protocadherin mutants. Thus, the δ-protocadherins act as novel regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during neural development and could provide lineage-restricted local regulation of canonical Wnt signaling and cell proliferation.

scholarly journals SBE6: a novel long-range enhancer involved in driving sonic hedgehog expression in neural progenitor cells

Open Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 160197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nezha S. Benabdallah ◽  
Philippe Gautier ◽  
Betul Hekimoglu-Balkan ◽  
Laura A. Lettice ◽  
Shipra Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Chromatin Profiling

The expression of genes with key roles in development is under very tight spatial and temporal control, mediated by enhancers. A classic example of this is the sonic hedgehog gene ( Shh ), which plays a pivotal role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural progenitor cells both in vivo and in vitro. Shh expression in the brain is tightly controlled by several known enhancers that have been identified through genetic, genomic and functional assays. Using chromatin profiling during the differentiation of embryonic stem cells to neural progenitor cells, here we report the identification of a novel long-range enhancer for Shh—Shh-brain-enhancer-6 (SBE6)—that is located 100 kb upstream of Shh and that is required for the proper induction of Shh expression during this differentiation programme. This element is capable of driving expression in the vertebrate brain. Our study illustrates how a chromatin-focused approach, coupled to in vivo testing, can be used to identify new cell-type specific cis -regulatory elements, and points to yet further complexity in the control of Shh expression during embryonic brain development.

CTN-986, a compound extracted from cottonseeds, increases cell proliferation in hippocampus in vivo and in cultured neural progenitor cells in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 607 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ming Zhang ◽  
You-Zhi Zhang ◽  
Yan-Qin Liu ◽  
Ze-Hui Gong ◽  
Yi-Min Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor
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