Fimbriae, Pili, Flagella and Bacterial Virulence

2004 ◽  
pp. 67-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Beth Jonson ◽  
Staffan Normark ◽  
Mikael Rhen
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Virulence

scholarly journals Bacteriophages as drivers of bacterial virulence and their potential for biotechnological exploitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat Schroven ◽  
Abram Aertsen ◽  
Rob Lavigne
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Cargo Proteins ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship

ABSTRACT Bacteria-infecting viruses (phages) and their hosts maintain an ancient and complex relationship. Bacterial predation by lytic phages drives an ongoing phage-host arms race, whereas temperate phages initiate mutualistic relationships with their hosts upon lysogenization as prophages. In human pathogens, these prophages impact bacterial virulence in distinct ways: by secretion of phage-encoded toxins, modulation of the bacterial envelope, mediation of bacterial infectivity and the control of bacterial cell regulation. This review builds the argument that virulence-influencing prophages hold extensive, unexplored potential for biotechnology. More specifically, it highlights the development potential of novel therapies against infectious diseases, to address the current antibiotic resistance crisis. First, designer bacteriophages may serve to deliver genes encoding cargo proteins which repress bacterial virulence. Secondly, one may develop small molecules mimicking phage-derived proteins targeting central regulators of bacterial virulence. Thirdly, bacteria equipped with phage-derived synthetic circuits which modulate key virulence factors could serve as vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections. The development and exploitation of such antibacterial strategies will depend on the discovery of other prophage-derived, virulence control mechanisms and, more generally, on the dissection of the mutualistic relationship between temperate phages and bacteria, as well as on continuing developments in the synthetic biology field.

Interference of quorum sensing regulated bacterial virulence factors and biofilms by Plumbago zeylanica extract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizan Abul Qais ◽  
Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Fohad Mabood Husain ◽  
Suliman Y. Alomar ◽  
Naushad Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica

Functional modulation of an aquaporin to intensify photosynthesis and abrogate bacterial virulence in rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Chen ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Kai Lu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Functional Modulation

scholarly journals RND Efflux Systems Contribute to Resistance and Virulence of Aliarcobacter butzleri

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Cristiana Mateus ◽  
Ana Rita Nunes ◽  
Mónica Oleastro ◽  
Fernanda Domingues ◽  
Susana Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Mutant Strains

Aliarcobacter butzleri is an emergent enteropathogen that can be found in a range of environments. This bacterium presents a vast repertoire of efflux pumps, such as the ones belonging to the resistance nodulation cell division family, which may be associated with bacterial resistance, as well as virulence. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the contribution of three RND efflux systems, AreABC, AreDEF and AreGHI, in the resistance and virulence of A. butzleri. Mutant strains were constructed by inactivation of the gene that encodes the inner membrane protein of these systems. The bacterial resistance profile of parental and mutant strains to several antimicrobials was assessed, as was the intracellular accumulation of the ethidium bromide dye. Regarding bacterial virulence, the role of these three efflux pumps on growth, strain fitness, motility, biofilm formation ability, survival in adverse conditions (oxidative stress and bile salts) and human serum and in vitro adhesion and invasion to Caco-2 cells was evaluated. We observed that the mutants from the three efflux pumps were more susceptible to several classes of antimicrobials than the parental strain and presented an increase in the accumulation of ethidium bromide, indicating a potential role of the efflux pumps in the extrusion of antimicrobials. The mutant strains had no bacterial growth defects; nonetheless, they presented a reduction in relative fitness. For the three mutants, an increase in the susceptibility to oxidative stress was observed, while only the mutant for AreGHI efflux pump showed a relevant role in bile stress survival. All the mutant strains showed an impairment in biofilm formation ability, were more susceptible to human serum and were less adherent to intestinal epithelial cells. Overall, the results support the contribution of the efflux pumps AreABC, AreDEF and AreGHI of A. butzleri to antimicrobial resistance, as well as to bacterial virulence.

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