Interference by Anti-Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents in the MTT-Tumor Chemosensitivity Assay

Chemotherapy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engin Ulukaya ◽  
Mukaddes Colakogullari ◽  
Edward J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Chemosensitivity Assay ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dimer of Epicatechin from an Endophytic Fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP on Acute Toxicity Levels, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cervical Cancer Activity in Animal Models

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Vellingiri Manon Mani ◽  
Arockiam Jeyasundar Parimala Gnana Soundari ◽  
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian ◽  
Sungkwon Park ◽  
Utthapon Issara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Cervical cancer, as the most frequent cancer in women globally and accounts almost 14% in India. It can be prevented or treated with vaccines, radiation, chemotherapy, and brachytherapy. The chemotherapeutic agents cause adverse post effects by the destruction of the neighboring normal cells or altering the properties of the cells. In order to reduce the severity of the side effects caused by the chemically synthesized therapeutic agents, the current research developed an anti-cancer agent dimer of epicatechin (DoE), a natural bioactive secondary metabolite (BSM) mediated from an endophytic fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP. The investigation has initiated with the evaluation of inhibiting the angiogenesis which is a main activity in metastasis, and it was assessed through Hen’s Egg Test on Chorio Allantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) test; the BSM inhibited the growth of blood vessels in the developing chick embryo. Further the DoE was evaluated for its acute toxicity levels in albino mice, whereas the survival dose was found to be 1250 mg/kg and the lethal dose was 1500 mg/kg body weight of albino mice; hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were assessed. The anti-inflammatory responses of the DoE were evaluated in carrageenan induced Wistar rats and the reduction of inflammation occurred in a dose-dependent manner. By fixing the effective dose for anti-inflammation analysis, the DoE was taken for the anti-cervical cancer analysis in benzo (a) pyrene induced female Sprague-Dawley rats for 60 days trial. After the stipulated days, the rats were taken for hematological antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (LPO), member bound enzymes, cervical histopathological and carcinogenic markers analyses. The results specified that the DoE has the capability of reducing the tumor in an efficient way. This is the first report of flavonoid-DoE production from an endophytic fungus C. australiensis has the anticancer potentiality and it can be stated as anti-cancer drug.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicine Goshajinkigan Prevents Paclitaxel-Induced Mechanical Allodynia without Impairing Antitumor Activity of Paclitaxel

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh. Akbar Bahar ◽  
Tsugunobu Andoh ◽  
Keisuke Ogura ◽  
Yoshihiro Hayakawa ◽  
Ikuo Saiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Antitumor Action ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Mammary Fat Pad ◽  
4T1 Cells

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting side effect of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. However, there are no effective strategies to treat the neuropathy. We examined whether Goshajinkigan, a herbal medicine, would prevent paclitaxel-induced allodynia without affecting the anticancer action in mice. Murine breast cancer 4T1 cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad. Paclitaxel (10 and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, alternate day from day 7 postinoculation) inhibited the tumor growth, and Goshajinkigan (1 g/kg, oral, daily from day 2 postinoculation) did not affect the antitumor action of paclitaxel. Mechanical allodynia developed in the inoculated region due to tumor growth and in the hind paw due to paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Paclitaxel-induced allodynia was markedly prevented by Goshajinkigan, although tumor-associated allodynia was not inhibited by Goshajinkigan. These results suggest that Goshajinkigan prevents paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy without interfering with the anti-cancer action of paclitaxel.

Probiotics for the Chemoprotective Role Against the Toxic Effect of Cancer Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aafrin Waziri ◽  
Charu Bharti ◽  
Mohammed Aslam ◽  
Parween Jamil ◽  
Aamir Mirza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
High Degree

Background: The processes of chemo- and radiation therapy-based clinical management of different types of cancers are associated with toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. So, there is always an unmet need to explore agents to reduce such risk factors. Among these, natural products have generated much attention because of their potent antioxidant and antitumor effects. In the past, some breakthrough outcomes established that various bacteria in the human intestinal gut are bearing growth-promoting attributes and suppressing the conversion of pro-carcinogens into carcinogens. Hence, probiotics integrated approaches are nowadays being explored as rationalized therapeutics in the clinical management of cancer. Methods: Here, published literature was explored to review chemoprotective roles of probiotics against toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutics. Results: Apart from excellent anti-cancer abilities, probiotics are bearing and alleviate toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutics, with a high degree of safety and efficiency. Conclusion: Preclinical and clinical evidence suggested that due to the chemoprotective roles of probiotics against side effects and toxicity of chemotherapeutics, their integration in chemotherapy would be a judicious approach.

Natural-Derived Molecules as a Potential Adjuvant in Chemotherapy: Normal Cell Protectors and Cancer Cell Sensitizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Torequl Islam ◽  
Mohammad S. Mubarak ◽  
Divya Jain ◽  
Rasel Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Global Threat

Background: Cancer is a global threat to humans and a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer treatment includes, among other things, the use of chemotherapeutic agents, compounds that are vital for treating and preventing cancer. However, chemotherapeutic agents produce oxidative stress along with other side effects that would affect the human body. Objective: To reduce the oxidative stress of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer and normal cells by naturally derived compounds with anti-cancer properties, and protect normal cells from the oxidation process. Therefore, the need to develop more potent chemotherapeutics with fewer side effects has become increasingly important. Method: Recent literature dealing with the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the naturally naturally-derived compounds: morin, myricetin, malvidin, naringin, eriodictyol, isovitexin, daidzein, naringenin, chrysin, and fisetin has been surveyed and examined in this review. For this, data were gathered from different search engines, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scifinder, among others. Additionally, several patient offices such as WIPO, CIPO, and USPTO were consulted to obtain published articles related to these compounds. Result: Numerous plants contain flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds such as morin, myricetin, malvidin, naringin, eriodictyol, isovitexin, daidzein, naringenin, chrysin, and fisetin, which exhibit ‎antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic actions via several mechanisms. These compounds show sensitizers of cancer cells and protectors of healthy cells. Moreover, these compounds can reduce oxidative stress, which is accelerated by chemotherapeutics and exhibit a potent anticancer effect on cancer cells. Conclusions: Based on these findings, more research is recommended to explore and evaluate such flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds.

Anti-cancer palladium complexes: a focus on PdX2L2, palladacycles and related complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (13) ◽  
pp. 4751-4777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant R. Kapdi ◽  
Ian J. S. Fairlamb
Keyword(s):  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Palladium Complexes ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Anti Cancer

Much success has been achieved with platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents,i.e.through interactions with DNA. The long-term application of Pt complexes is thwarted by issues, leading scientists to examine other metals such as palladium which could exhibit complementary modes of action.

scholarly journals Pro-oxidant activity of dietary chemopreventive agents: an under-appreciated anti-cancer property

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asfar S Azmi ◽  
Fazlul H Sarkar ◽  
SM Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ancient Times

“Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food” was quoted by Hippocrates more than two thousand years ago and since ancient times the health benefits of different natural agents have been exploited. In modern research, the disease preventive benefits of many such natural agents, particularly dietary compounds and their derivatives, has been attributed to their well recognized activity as the regulators of redox state of the cell. Nevertheless, most of these studies have focused on their antioxidant activity. A large body of evidence indicates that a major fraction of these agents can elicit pro-oxidant (radical generating) behavior which has been linked to their anti-cancer effects. This editorial provides an overview of the under-appreciated pro-oxidant activity of natural products, with a special focus on their ability to generate reactive oxygen species in the presence of transition metal ions, and discusses their possible use as cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

The role of microvesicles in cancer progression and drug resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samireh Jorfi ◽  
Jameel M. Inal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Intercellular Transport ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Mdr Multidrug Resistance

Microvesicles are shed constitutively, or upon activation, from both normal and malignant cells. The process is dependent on an increase in cytosolic Ca2+, which activates different enzymes, resulting in depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton and release of the vesicles. Drug resistance can be defined as the ability of cancer cells to survive exposure to a wide range of anti-cancer drugs, and anti-tumour chemotherapeutic treatments are often impaired by innate or acquired MDR (multidrug resistance). Microvesicles released upon chemotherapeutic agents prevent the drugs from reaching their targets and also mediate intercellular transport of MDR proteins.

scholarly journals Flavonoids in Cancer Metastasis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Liskova ◽  
Lenka Koklesova ◽  
Marek Samec ◽  
Karel Smejkal ◽  
Samson Mathews Samuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Anti Cancer

Metastasis represents a serious complication in the treatment of cancer. Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolites exerting various health beneficiary effects. The effects of flavonoids against cancer are associated not only with early stages of the cancer process, but also with cancer progression and spread into distant sites. Flavonoids showed potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer models in vitro and in vivo, mediated via regulation of key signaling pathways involved in the migration and invasion of cancer cells and metastatic progression, including key regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition or regulatory molecules such as MMPs, uPA/uPAR, TGF-β and other contributors of the complex process of metastatic spread. Moreover, flavonoids modulated also the expression of genes associated with the progression of cancer and improved inflammatory status, a part of the complex process involved in the development of metastasis. Flavonoids also documented clear potential to improve the anti-cancer effectiveness of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Most importantly, flavonoids represent environmentally-friendly and cost-effective substances; moreover, a wide spectrum of different flavonoids demonstrated safety and minimal side effects during long-termed administration. In addition, the bioavailability of flavonoids can be improved by their conjugation with metal ions or structural modifications by radiation. In conclusion, anti-cancer effects of flavonoids, targeting all phases of carcinogenesis including metastatic progression, should be implemented into clinical cancer research in order to strengthen their potential use in the future targeted prevention and therapy of cancer in high-risk individuals or patients with aggressive cancer disease with metastatic potential.

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), Green Tea Component, Antagonize the Anti-Myeloma Activity of Proteasome Inhibitor PS-341 by Direct Chemical Interaction.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4850-4850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Young Kim ◽  
Jongmin Park ◽  
Bora Oh ◽  
Hyun Jung Min ◽  
Tae-Sook Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Myeloma Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Function ◽  
Cancer Activity

Abstract PS-341 (also known as bortezomib, Velcade®) has a remarkable anti-myeloma acitivity and is also potential candidate for the treatment of other tumors either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Investigations on the effectiveness of PS-341 in combination with other anti-neoplastic agents are currently under clinical trial. Since (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been reported its anti-cancer activity in various cancer types, we tried a co-treatment of PS-341 with EGCG on myeloma cells, expecting a synergistic effect. However, the anti-cancer activity of PS-341 was blocked by EGCG without any synergistic effect. At the early stage of our research, we suspected antioxidant function of EGCG is the main cause of antagonistic effect on PS-341-induced cell death. Thus we selected polyphenols showing strong antioxidant function including vitamin C. But, we did not obtain any consistant data that support the significant correlation of antioxidant function of polyphenols with antagonistic effects. Instead, the structural features of polyphenols showed striking correlations with antagonistic effect; especially the presence or absence of vicinal diol moiety on polyphenol was the key elements for the effective blocking on anti-cancer function of PS-341. We infer that vicinal diols on polyphenols interact with boronic acid of PS-341, which convert active triangular boronic acid (sp2 character) of PS-341 to inactive tetrahedral boronate (sp3 character) through direct chemical interaction. The equilibrium of this conversion is controlled by structures and concentration of polyphenols, and this conversion abolished the anti-myeloma activity of PS-341. We confirmed our hypothesis on direct chemical interaction of PS-341 with EGCG through 11B NMR experiment and cell viability assay data clearly support the antagonistic interaction between PS-341 and polyphenols in multiple myeloma cell lines and primary myeloma cells from patients. Based on our researches, restriction of the intake of natural polyphenols by food or vitamin supplements should be considered during the treatment with PS-341 in MM patients. Figure Figure

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