Effects of Probucol on Renal Function and Urinary Protein Excretion in Spontaneously Hypercholesterolemic Rats Fed a Normal or High Cholesterol Diet

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihide Nakao ◽  
Kazuo Nosaka ◽  
Hiromi Imaki ◽  
Eisei Noiri ◽  
Akiko Toda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Protein Excretion

Abstract P031: Reduced Augmentation Of The Intrarenal Renin-angiotensin System (ras), Lower Systolic Blood Pressure, And Preserved Renal Function In Female Compared To Male Rats With Unilateral Renal Artery Stenosis

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie L Bell ◽  
Weijian A Shao ◽  
Akemi Katsurada ◽  
Ryosuke Sato ◽  
L Gabriel G NAVAR
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protein Excretion

Despite growing evidence of sex differences in the progression of hypertension, there are no guidelines that differentiate treatment between men and women. Intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation and tissue injury in 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats have been characterized in previous studies of male but not female rats. To evaluate possible sex differences in response to renovascular hypertension, urinary angiotensinogen (uAGT) excretion, systolic blood pressure (BP), urinary protein excretion, and renal function were assessed in female rats.Female (n=8) and male (n=6) rats underwent placement of a 0.2 mm clip on the left renal artery to simulate unilateral renal artery stenosis. BP was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and clearance studies were conducted in anesthetized rats to assess renal function. Urine protein concentration was determined by pyrogallol red method. uAGT was measured by ELISA as an index of intrarenal RAS activity. Systolic BP increased from 120±1 to 176±8 mmHg, and urinary protein excretion reached 20.2±5.6 mg/day in female rats. Although uAGT excretion increased from 13.2±7.7 ng/day to 74.1±29.9 ng/day in female rats, male rats had a significantly higher uAGT excretion of 1572.6±750 ng/day. Nonclipped kidneys exhibited more uAGT excretion compared to clipped kidneys, consistent with previous findings in males. Although 2K1C female rats demonstrate significantly lower renal function than sham females, they show more preserved renal function than male rats. Female rats also demonstrate significantly lower increases in systolic BP and urinary protein excretion compared to male rats. The data support substantial sex-dependent differences in renal responses to unilateral renal artery stenosis. The results show substantial increases in systolic BP, uAGT, and urinary protein excretion and decreased renal function after renal artery clipping in females, but the magnitude of the changes is markedly lower than in males. Nonclipped kidneys of both sexes exhibit greater uAGT excretion than clipped kidneys. Notably, females show less augmentation of the intrarenal RAS compared to male rats in renovascular hypertension.

MO538THE SHORT-TERM IMPACT OF HIGH DOSE INTRAVENOUS IRON USE ON RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND IRON DEFICIENCY WITHOUT ANAEMIA - A POST-HOC ANALYSIS OF A MULTICENTRE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL*

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xenophon Kassianides ◽  
Adil Hazara ◽  
Philip A Kalra ◽  
Iain Macdougall ◽  
Sunil Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Iv Iron ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aims High dose intravenous (IV) iron is commonly used in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) but it remains unclear whether any short or long term impact on renal function exists. Studies using iron sucrose, a second generation IV iron compound suggest effects on proteinuria while evidence with third generation iron products revealed no impact on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). These newer iron compounds have compact iron-carbohydrate cores, potentially limiting the nephrotoxic effects of labile free iron. As a part of the Iron & Heart study, we examined the impact of high dose ferric derisomaltose (FDI), a third generation IV iron product, in patients with non-dialysis dependent CKD and iron deficiency on markers of renal injury and function using both established (serum creatinine, eGFR, 24-hour excretion of protein) and novel methods (Cystatin C, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)). In addition, correlations between the different markers of renal dysfunction were examined alongside the impact of various confounders including age and diabetes mellitus on the reliability of such markers. Method This was a multicentre randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study involving three tertiary renal centres in the United Kingdom. Patients with CKD stages 3b-5 (non-dialysis), a serum ferritin <100 micrograms/L and/or transferrin saturation <20% and a haemoglobin value of 110 – 150 g/L were enrolled. The participants were randomized 1:1 to receive either 1000 mg of FDI or placebo. Cystatin C, NGAL, serum creatinine eGFR and 24-hour urinary excretion of protein were measured at baseline and then repeated at 1- and 3- months. Changes in the levels of these were analysed both in terms of their absolute values and percentage change from baseline. Pearson’s coefficient (r) was calculated as a measure of correlation between changes in the follow-up values, and the level of statistical significance was set at less than 0.05. Results 54 patients were randomized; 26 to FDI and 28 to placebo. Patients in the two treatment arms were similar in age, gender, the prevalence of diabetes, baseline eGFR and urinary protein excretion (200mg vs 350mg/24hr in the FDI and placebo groups respectively, p = 0.2713). Compared to baseline levels, serum creatinine, cystatin C and NGAL did not change significantly in either arm (figure 1). There were no significant changes in urinary protein excretion both within and between groups (median change in urinary protein excretion: FDI: -10mg and -39mg/24hr; placebo: 0mg and 0mg/24hr at 1- and 3- months respectively, p>0.05) There was a significant correlation between changes in cystatin C levels and serum creatinine (r = 0.6994, p<0.0001) during follow-up. This correlation persisted when patients were stratified by an age of 65 years and presence of diabetes (figure 2). Changes in Cystatin C levels did not correlate well with changes in NGAL. Conclusion This post-hoc analysis of data from the Iron & Heart study indicates that high dose FDI did not cause any significant detriment in the short-term to renal function compared to placebo. This complements the safety profile of high dose third generation IV iron products and improves our understanding of their use in patients with CKD at their approved doses. There was a good correlation between cystatin C and creatinine, which was not affected by various sub-groups such as age or presence of diabetes mellitus. The analysis confirms the role of cystatin C as a robust biomarker of measuring renal function at least when compared to other established methods.

Urinary Protein Excretion following Intravenously Administered Ionic and Non-Ionic Contrast Media in Man

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Skovgaard ◽  
J. Holm ◽  
L. Hemmingsen ◽  
P. Skaarup
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Proximal Tubular

Urinary protein excretion following intravenous administration of the radiographic contrast media (CM) diatrizoate (ionic) and iopromide (non-ionic) was examined in 20 patients with normal renal function. Neither of the two CM had any effect on the 24-h urinary excretion of albumin (a marker of glomerular proteinuria). The 24-h urinary excretion of the retinol-binding protein (a marker of low molecular weight or tubular proteinuria) and the folate binding protein, a protein localized in the brush-border membranes of the proximal tubular cells, showed a statistically significant transient increase the day after diatrizoate injection, whereas no increase was observed after iopromide. Thus, only a minimal and temporary disturbance of the renal proximal tubular function was observed after diatrizoate injection in patients with normal renal function.

Antiproteinuric Effect of Angiotensinconverting Enzyme Inhibitors and an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker in Patients with Lupus Nephritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Kitamura ◽  
Y Matsukawa ◽  
M Takei ◽  
S Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blocker ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Dsdna Antibody ◽  
Losartan Treatment

Although the effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) on non-diabetic glomerulonephritis have been reported, studies of their effects on collagenvascular diseases, particularly lupus nephritis, are limited. In this retrospective, observational study, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients ( n = 7) with lupus nephritis and uncontrolled proteinuria were treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor followed by the ARB losartan (25–50 mg/day). Urinary protein excretion and renal function were evaluated. After 12 months of losartan, mean urinary protein excretion decreased significantly by 84.8%. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures also decreased significantly during the 12 months of losartan treatment, although not in normotensive patients. Complement 4, total complement activity and anti-dsDNA antibody levels, which are indices of SLE activity, and serum creatinine levels, which is an index of renal function, showed no change in response to losartan treatment. A more extensive evaluation of the effects of ARBs in patients with lupus nephritis and poorly controlled proteinuria is required.

scholarly journals Renoprotective Role of Tualang Honey Against High Cholesterol Diet Induced Acute Kidney Diseases in an Animal Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenab B. Hamad Mohamed ◽  
Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi ◽  
Nor Zamzila Abdullah ◽  
Naznin Muhammad ◽  
Roslina Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Renoprotective Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tualang Honey

Introduction: Although there is a growing insight into the causes and mechanisms of kidney diseases, preventive and therapeutic measures are still few. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the renoprotective effect of tualang honey against high cholesterol diet induced acute kidney disease in an animal model. Materials and method: Ten female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: high cholesterol diet (HCD) group, fed with 12% cholesterol diet with 0.3% cholic acid, and high cholesterol diet with tualang honey (HCD + TH) group, fed with HCD with oral daily dose of 1.4 g/kg/day of tualang honey by gavage. Biochemical analysis of lipid profile and renal function were performed at 48 hours, 7 days, and 6 weeks of the experiment. The animals were sacrificed at 6 weeks and the kidneys were harvested for histological examination. Results: There was no significant difference between the HCD and the HCD+TH groups in the level of TC. The mean serum LDL-c, TG and vLDL levels at completed 48 hours and 7 days for the HCD+TH group were lower as compared to the HCD group. The only significant difference in renal function test between HCD and HCD + TH groups reported were theserum creatinine at completed 48 hours. Histological examination of the kidney tissue of the HCD and HCD+TH groups at 6 weeks revealed segmental mesangial hypercellularity and mesangial matrix expansion of the glomeruli. Conclusion: Tualang honey supplementation has resulted in an improvement of the renal profile which is suggestive of its renoprotective effect. However, the histopathological examination of the kidneys revealed similar changesin both groups and this may be related to the dose of honey used in the study. Additionally, tualang honey showed improvement in LDL-c, triglyceride and vLDL levels indicating its lipid lowering activities.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in urinary protein excretion in relation to indices of renal function in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaoluwa Sesan Olukiran ◽  
Rufus Ojo Akomolafe ◽  
Olutosin Samuel Ilesanmi ◽  
Christian Eseigbe Imafidon ◽  
Quadri Kunle Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Effect of a somatostatin analogue (SMS 201–995) on renal function and urinary protein excretion in diabetic rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Igarashi ◽  
Asao Nakazawa ◽  
Nagayuki Tani ◽  
Masatoshi Yamazaki ◽  
Seiki Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Somatostatin Analogue ◽  
Protein Excretion
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