Individual Distinctiveness of the Contact Calls of Ring-Tailed Lemurs

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Oda
Keyword(s):  
Contact Calls ◽  
Individual Distinctiveness

The imitation dilemma: can parrots maintain their vocal individuality when imitating conspecifics?

Behaviour ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 787-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M. Thomsen ◽  
Thorsten J.S. Balsby ◽  
Torben Dabelsteen
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Vocal Individuality ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Vocal Imitation ◽  
Contact Calls ◽  
Individual Distinctiveness ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Many species of parrots live in fission–fusion social systems, characterised by frequent changes in flock composition. In these systems, the ability to selectively choose flock members is essential in order to maximise individual fitness. As a result, most species of parrots have individual distinctive contact calls that mediate the formation of groups during fission and fusion events. However, in vocal interactions during fission and fusion events, individuals will modify the fine-scale structure of their contact calls in a manner that sometimes will result in imitation of the contact calls of another individual, potentially altering or weakening the individual distinctiveness of contact calls. This presents parrots with an interesting dilemma. Here we present a study investigating the effect of vocal modification during interactions, including vocal imitation, on the individual distinctiveness and sex-specific differences of contact calls from ten captive bred peach-fronted conures (Eupsittula aurea). In order to determine if vocal individual- and sex distinctiveness persists in contact calls that are modified to that of another individual, we compared nine acoustic parameters from spontaneous (baseline) contact calls and contact calls emitted as response to a playback stimulus. Although modified, all acoustic parameters remained individually distinctive when the focal individuals interacted with the playback stimulus. These results provide a strong basis for discriminating between calls from different individuals across several social contexts, which could play an important role in mediating selective associations between individual peach-fronted conures during fission and fusion events.

scholarly journals Vocal individuality of Holstein-Friesian cattle is maintained across putatively positive and negative farming contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Green ◽  
Cameron Clark ◽  
Livio Favaro ◽  
Sabrina Lomax ◽  
David Reby
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Vocal Individuality ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Contact Calls ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Positive And Negative Valence ◽  
Individual Distinctiveness ◽  
Friesian Cattle

AbstractCattle mother-offspring contact calls encode individual-identity information; however, it is unknown whether cattle are able to maintain individuality when vocalising to familiar conspecifics over other positively and negatively valenced farming contexts. Accordingly, we recorded 333 high-frequency vocalisations from 13 Holstein-Friesian heifers during oestrus and anticipation of feed (putatively positive), as well as denied feed access and upon both physical and physical & visual isolation from conspecifics (putatively negative). We measured 21 source-related and nonlinear vocal parameters and stepwise discriminant function analyses (DFA) were performed. Calls were divided into positive (n = 170) and negative valence (n = 163) with each valence acting as a ‘training set’ to classify calls in the oppositely valenced ‘test set’. Furthermore, MANOVAs were conducted to determine which vocal parameters were implicated in individual distinctiveness. Within the putatively positive ‘training set’, the cross-validated DFA correctly classified 68.2% of the putatively positive calls and 52.1% of the putatively negative calls to the correct individual, respectively. Within the putatively negative ‘training set’, the cross-validated DFA correctly assigned 60.1% of putatively negative calls and 49.4% of putatively positive calls to the correct individual, respectively. All DFAs exceeded chance expectations indicating that vocal individuality of high-frequency calls is maintained across putatively positive and negative valence, with all vocal parameters except subharmonics responsible for this individual distinctiveness. This study shows that cattle vocal individuality of high-frequency calls is stable across different emotionally loaded farming contexts. Individual distinctiveness is likely to attract social support from conspecifics, and knowledge of these individuality cues could assist farmers in detecting individual cattle for welfare or production purposes.

scholarly journals Evidence of stereotyped contact call use in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) mother-calf communication

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254393
Author(s):  
Audra E. Ames ◽  
Susanna B. Blackwell ◽  
Outi M. Tervo ◽  
Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Acoustic Behavior ◽  
Contact Call ◽  
Call Production ◽  
Monodon Monoceros ◽  
Contact Calls ◽  
Individual Distinctiveness ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
And Function

Narwhals (Monodon monoceros) are gregarious toothed whales that strictly reside in the high Arctic. They produce a broad range of signal types; however, studies of narwhal vocalizations have been mostly descriptive of the sounds available in the species’ overall repertoire. Little is known regarding the functions of highly stereotyped mixed calls (i.e., biphonations with both sound elements produced simultaneously), although preliminary evidence has suggested that such vocalizations are individually distinctive and function as contact calls. Here we provide evidence that supports this notion in narwhal mother-calf communication. A female narwhal was tagged as part of larger studies on the life history and acoustic behavior of narwhals. At the time of tagging, it became apparent that the female had a calf, which remained close by during the tagging event. We found that the narwhal mother produced a distinct, highly stereotyped mixed call when separated from her calf and immediately after release from capture, which we interpret as preliminary evidence for contact call use between the mother and her calf. The mother’s mixed call production occurred continually over the 4.2 day recording period in addition to a second prominent but different stereotyped mixed call which we believe belonged to the narwhal calf. Thus, narwhal mothers produce highly stereotyped contact calls when separated from their calves, and it appears that narwhal calves similarly produce distinct, stereotyped mixed calls which we hypothesize also contribute to maintaining mother-calf contact. We compared this behavior to the acoustic behavior of two other adult females without calves, but also each with a unique, stereotyped call type. While we provide additional support for individual distinctiveness across narwhal contact calls, more research is necessary to determine whether these calls are vocal signatures which broadcast identity.

scholarly journals Memory-specific correlated neuronal activity in higher-order auditory regions of a parrot

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Satoh ◽  
Hiroko Eda-Fujiwara ◽  
Aiko Watanabe ◽  
Yasuharu Okamoto ◽  
Takenori Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Neuronal Activation ◽  
Contact Calls ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Auditory Region ◽  
Neuronal Representation ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractMale budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) are open-ended learners that can learn to produce new vocalisations as adults. We investigated neuronal activation in male budgerigars using the expression of the protein products of the immediate early genes zenk and c-fos in response to exposure to conspecific contact calls (CCs: that of the mate or an unfamiliar female) in three subregions (CMM, dNCM and vNCM) of the caudomedial pallium, a higher order auditory region. Significant positive correlations of Zenk expression were found between these subregions after exposure to mate CCs. In contrast, exposure to CCs of unfamiliar females produced no such correlations. These results suggest the presence of a CC-specific association among the subregions involved in auditory memory. The caudomedial pallium of the male budgerigar may have functional subdivisions that cooperate in the neuronal representation of auditory memory.

Individual Recognition, Intragroup Cohesion and Intergroup Spacing: Evidence From Sound Playback To Forest Monkeys

Behaviour ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 28-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Waser
Keyword(s):  
Individual Recognition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Loud Calls ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Individual Distinctiveness ◽  
Black And White Colobus ◽  
Intergroup Spacing

AbstractThe contexts and functions of several loud mangabey vocalizations, particularly the "whoopgobble", were investigated observationally and experimentally. Whoopgobbles are notable for their audibility and distinctiveness over long distances, their temporal pattern of delivery, and particularly their stereotypy and individual distinctiveness. On the other hand, contexts of and responses to these vocalizations are variable and sometimes nonobvious. In order to control context and more systematically investigate response, an experimental method involving playback of recorded vocalizations was developed. Although precautions against habituation were necessary, mangabey responses to playbacks were clearcut and repeatable. Answering vocalizations, changes in group movement, and changes in the dispersion of individuals within a group occurred only in response to mangabey vocalizations. Whoopgobble playbacks provoked a pattern of response, including most notably the rapid approach of one adult male (the "RA" male) from each group, which was specific to this call. Playback of whoopgobbles between 100 and 600m from mangabey groups indicated that this call does transmit information regarding the identity of the vocalizing individual and group over these distances. Test groups moved away from neighboring- and unknown-group calls, but towards those of their own males - particularly those of RA males. RA males, on the other hand, do not approach calls of other males from their own groups. Within a group, whoopgobbles may thus increase cohesion and influence the direction of movements. Characteristics of whoopgobble form and context are discussed with regard to hypothesized functions of these and other forest monkey loud calls. Responses by free-ranging mangabeys to playback of the whoopgobble confirm its role in maintaining distance between groups. Response was found to be independent of group size, despite the fact that whoopgobble rate is closely related to this variable and thus could transmit such information. Since responses were also found to be independent of location within the home range, intergroup spacing among mangabeys appears not be be "territorial", site defense does not occur. Nevertheless, the central areas in at least some mangabey groups' home ranges were never penetrated by neighbors. Playback tests with black-and-white colobus and blue monkeys, among which territorial spacing has been reported, indicate that responses to loud calls have some degree of site-specificity among these species. But the mangabey pattern of intergroup spacing appears to result from a combination of low group density, site attachment within groups, and site-independent avoidance between groups. These results emphasize that spacing "system" and "pattern" are not necessarily equivalent; a given set of spacing behaviors can result in different spacing patterns under different ecological conditions, while a given pattern may be obtained by any of several behavioral means. Evidence for site-independent spacing in other primate species is discussed.

Pulsed call sequences as contact calls in Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens)

2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 409-424
Author(s):  
Yuka Mishima ◽  
Tadamichi Morisaka ◽  
Megumi Ishikawa ◽  
Yuu Karasawa ◽  
Yayoi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Lagenorhynchus Obliquidens ◽  
Contact Calls

scholarly journals Geographic Variation in Contact Calls of Feral North American Populations of the Monk Parakeet

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah C. Buhrman-Deever ◽  
Amy R. Rappaport ◽  
Jack W. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Learning Preferences ◽  
Founder Effects ◽  
Contact Call ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Monk Parakeet ◽  
Call Structure ◽  
Myiopsitta Monachus ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Contact Calls

Abstract Introduced feral populations offer a unique opportunity to study the effects of social interaction and founder effects on the development of geographic variation in learned vocalizations. Introduced populations of Monk Parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) have been growing in number since the 1970s, with a mixture of isolated and potentially interacting populations. We surveyed diversity in contact calls of Monk Parakeet populations in Connecticut, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana. Contact call structure differed significantly among the isolated populations in each state. Contact call structure also differed significantly among potentially interacting nest colonies in coastal Connecticut, and these differences did not follow a geographic gradient. Limited dispersal distances, founder effects, and social learning preferences may play a role in call structure differences.

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