Influence of Anthropometric Variables to the Whole-Body Resistance in Pre-Adolescent Children

2000 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
T. Ju¨rima¨e ◽  
A. Leppik ◽  
J. Ju¨rima¨e
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance

Effect of 12 months of creatine supplementation and whole-body resistance training on measures of bone, muscle and strength in older males

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602097524
Author(s):  
Darren G Candow ◽  
Philip D Chilibeck ◽  
Julianne Gordon ◽  
Emelie Vogt ◽  
Tim Landeryou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Geometric Properties ◽  
Section Modulus ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Older Males

Background: The combination of creatine supplementation and resistance training (10–12 weeks) has been shown to increase bone mineral content and reduce a urinary indicator of bone resorption in older males compared with placebo. However, the longer-term effects (12 months) of creatine and resistance training on bone mineral density and bone geometric properties in older males is unknown. Aim: To assess the effects of 12 months of creatine supplementation and supervised, whole-body resistance training on bone mineral density, bone geometric properties, muscle accretion, and strength in older males. Methods: Participants were randomized to supplement with creatine ( n = 18, 49–69 years, 0.1 g·kg-1·d-1) or placebo ( n = 20, 49–67 years, 0.1 g·kg-1·d-1) during 12 months of supervised, whole-body resistance training. Results: After 12 months of training, both groups experienced similar changes in bone mineral density and geometry, bone speed of sound, lean tissue and fat mass, muscle thickness, and muscle strength. There was a trend ( p = 0.061) for creatine to increase the section modulus of the narrow part of the femoral neck, an indicator of bone bending strength, compared with placebo. Adverse events did not differ between creatine and placebo. Conclusions: Twelve months of creatine supplementation and supervised, whole-body resistance training had no greater effect on measures of bone, muscle, or strength in older males compared with placebo.

scholarly journals Effect of oral DHEA on serum testosterone and adaptations to resistance training in young men

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2274-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
Tracy A. Reifenrath ◽  
Kerry A. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
And Training

This study examined the effects of acute dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ingestion on serum steroid hormones and the effect of chronic DHEA intake on the adaptations to resistance training. In 10 young men (23 ± 4 yr old), ingestion of 50 mg of DHEA increased serum androstenedione concentrations 150% within 60 min ( P < 0.05) but did not affect serum testosterone and estrogen concentrations. An additional 19 men (23 ± 1 yr old) participated in an 8-wk whole body resistance-training program and ingested DHEA (150 mg/day, n = 9) or placebo ( n = 10) during weeks 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8. Serum androstenedione concentrations were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased in the DHEA-treated group after 2 and 5 wk. Serum concentrations of free and total testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, lipids, and liver transaminases were unaffected by supplementation and training, while strength and lean body mass increased significantly and similarly ( P < 0.05) in the men treated with placebo and DHEA. These results suggest that DHEA ingestion does not enhance serum testosterone concentrations or adaptations associated with resistance training in young men.

scholarly journals The response of muscle protein synthesis following whole-body resistance exercise is greater following 40 g than 20 g of ingested whey protein

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. e12893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay S. Macnaughton ◽  
Sophie L. Wardle ◽  
Oliver C. Witard ◽  
Chris McGlory ◽  
D. Lee Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance

scholarly journals Effect of whole body resistance training on arterial compliance in young men

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rakobowchuk ◽  
C. L. McGowan ◽  
P. C. de Groot ◽  
D. Bruinsma ◽  
J. W. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance

Strength training reduces arterial blood pressure but not sympathetic neural activity in young normotensive subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2212-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Carter ◽  
Chester A. Ray ◽  
Emily M. Downs ◽  
William H. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Body Resistance

The effects of resistance training on arterial blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest have not been established. Although endurance training is commonly recommended to lower arterial blood pressure, it is not known whether similar adaptations occur with resistance training. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that whole body resistance training reduces arterial blood pressure at rest, with concomitant reductions in MSNA. Twelve young [21 ± 0.3 (SE) yr] subjects underwent a program of whole body resistance training 3 days/wk for 8 wk. Resting arterial blood pressure ( n = 12; automated sphygmomanometer) and MSNA ( n = 8; peroneal nerve microneurography) were measured during a 5-min period of supine rest before and after exercise training. Thirteen additional young (21 ± 0.8 yr) subjects served as controls. Resistance training significantly increased one-repetition maximum values in all trained muscle groups ( P < 0.001), and it significantly decreased systolic (130 ± 3 to 121 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01), diastolic (69 ± 3 to 61 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.04), and mean (89 ± 2 to 81 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01) arterial blood pressures at rest. Resistance training did not affect MSNA or heart rate. Arterial blood pressures and MSNA were unchanged, but heart rate increased after 8 wk of relative inactivity for subjects in the control group (61 ± 2 to 67 ± 3 beats/min; P = 0.01). These results indicate that whole body resistance exercise training might decrease the risk for development of cardiovascular disease by lowering arterial blood pressure but that reductions of pressure are not coupled to resistance exercise-induced decreases of sympathetic tone.

Bioelectrical impedance assessment of body composition in thyroid disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Seppel ◽  
Andrea Kosel ◽  
Reiner Schlaghecke
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Abstract To assess the metabolic effects of thyroid disease, body composition was determined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in 72 patients with untreated hyperthyroidism (mean age 48·7±1·9 years) and 26 patients with untreated hypothyroidism (63·8±3·4 years). Bioelectrical whole body resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) were used for computerized calculation of lean body mass (LBM), body cell mass (BCM), extracellular mass (ECM) and body fat (BF). Compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls the most sensitive parameter indicating excess thyroid hormone was the ECM/BCM ratio which was markedly elevated in all hyperthyroid subjects. ECM/BCM alteration resulted from marked depletion of BCM with concomitant expansion of ECM. BCM change is thought to be predominantly due to a loss of muscle mass while ECM rise may reflect an increase in extracellular fluids. In contrast, hypothyroidism was characterized by an increase in BF besides a relatively unaffected LBM component. Serum parameters of thyroid function (tri-iodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine, TSH) did not correlate with the determinants of body composition except for a slight inverse relationship between the phase angle (Xc/R×180°/π) and T3 concentration in Graves' disease patients. We conclude that hyperthyroidism is primarily accompanied by quantitative as well as qualitative changes in the lean body while considerable fat increase is the most important feature of hypothyroidism. Severity of body composition derangement cannot be predicted from the degree of thyroid dysfunction. BIA could become a useful tool which allows objective determination of even subtle metabolic manifestations of thyroid disease and should, therefore, complement conventional clinical and biochemical assessment. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 493–498

Stature as body conductor length for whole-body resistance

1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 864-864
Author(s):  
Charles Marks ◽  
Victor L Katch
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance

Change in Arterial Stiffness according to the Intensity and Volume of Acute Whole Body Resistance Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-729
Author(s):  
Eon-Ho Kim ◽  
Young-Soo Kim ◽  
Bo-Geun Lee ◽  
Hyeong-Jun Park ◽  
Joon-Hoe Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Resistance

Endothelial function of young healthy males following whole body resistance training

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 2185-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rakobowchuk ◽  
C. L. McGowan ◽  
P. C. de Groot ◽  
J. W. Hartman ◽  
S. M. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Time Point

Given the increasing emphasis on performance of resistance exercise as an essential component of health, we evaluated, using a prospective longitudinal design, the potential for resistance training to affect arterial endothelial function. Twenty-eight men (23 ± 3.9 yr old; mean ± SE) engaged in 12 wk of whole body resistance training five times per week using a repeating split-body 3-day cycle. Brachial endothelial function was measured using occlusion cuff-induced flow-mediated dilation. After occlusion of the forearm for 4.5 min, brachial artery dilation and postocclusion blood flow was measured continuously for 15 and 70 s, respectively. Peak and 10-s postocclusion blood flow, shear rate, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (relative and normalized to shear rate) were measured pretraining (Pre), at 6 wk of training (Mid), and at 13 wk of training (Post). Results indicated an increase of mean brachial artery diameter by Mid and Post vs. Pre. Peak and 10-s postocclusion blood flow increased by Mid and remained elevated at Post; however, shear rates were not different at any time point. Relative and normalized flow-mediated dilation was also not different at any time point. This study is the first to show that peripheral arterial remodeling does occur with resistance training in healthy young men. In addition, the increase in postocclusion blood flow may indicate improved resistance vessel function. However, unlike studies involving endurance training, flow-mediated dilation did not increase with resistance training. Thus arterial adaptations with high-pressure loads, such as those experienced during resistance exercise, may be quite different compared with endurance training.

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