Efficacy of ACE Inhibitor (Captopril) on Glomerular Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Hypertension in Diabetic Hypertensive Rats

2001 ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Shou ◽  
M. Fukui ◽  
Y. Tomino
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Rats

P4428Physical exercise during uncontrolled systemic arterial hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Urbano Pagan ◽  
M J Gomes ◽  
R L Damatto ◽  
M D M Cezar ◽  
D R A Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Activity

Abstract Introduction Physical exercise reduces systemic arterial blood pressure and improves cardiac remodeling. However, the effects of exercise during uncontrolled arterial hypertension remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the influence of physical training on cardiac remodeling in untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Four experimental groups were used: sedentary (W-SED n=27) and trained (W-EX, n=31) normotensive Wistar rats, and sedentary (SHR-SED, n=27) and exercised (SHR-EX, n=32) hypertensive rats. At 13 months old, the exercise groups underwent treadmill exercise five days a week, for four months. Echocardiogram was performed to evaluate cardiac structures and function. In vitro myocardial function was analyzed in left ventricular (LV) papillary muscle preparations. Myocardial collagen was quantified by histology and hydroxyproline concentration and antioxidant enzyme activity was assessed by spectrophotometry. NADPH oxidase activity was analyzed by lucigenin reduction. Protein expression was quantified by Western blot. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity was evaluated by zymography. Statistical analyzes: two factor ANOVA and Bonferroni or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Results Systolic blood pressure was higher in SHR groups. Exercised groups had greater physical capacity. Frequency of heart failure features was higher in hypertensive groups than controls; SHR-EX had a lower frequency of pleural effusion and tachypnea than SHR-SED. Echocardiogram showed lower LV wall thickness, LV relative wall thickness, left atrium diameter, and relaxation time in SHR-EX than SHR-SED. Myocardial function was better in SHR-EX (positive derivative of developed tension) than SHR-SED. SHR-EX had higher antioxidant enzyme activity than SHR-SED. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration, myocyte diameters, and phosphorylated JNK and total IkB protein expression were higher in hypertensive than control groups. Hydroxyproline, malondialdehyde, NADPH oxidase activity, and protein expression of collagen III, lysyl oxidase, TIMP-1, total JNK, phosphorylated p38, phosphorylated and total p65, and phosphorylated IkB did not differ between groups. Interstitial collagen fraction, MMP-2 activity, and protein expression of total p38, and total and phosphorylated ERK were higher in SHR-SED than W-SED. Exercise reduced MMP-2 activity and phosphorylated ERK in hypertensive rats. Conclusion Physical exercise improves physical capacity, reduces the frequency of heart failure features, and attenuates cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In addition, exercise increases antioxidant enzyme activity, decreases ERK phosphorylation and MMP-2 activity, and attenuates total ERK protein expression. Acknowledgement/Funding Fapesp, CNPq, Capes and UNESP

COMPARISON OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY IN ARTERIES AND VEINS FROM RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSIVE RATS

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. S81
Author(s):  
T. Sousa ◽  
M. Morato ◽  
E. Fernandes ◽  
F. Carvalho ◽  
A. Albino-Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Antioxidant Enzyme Levels Inversely Covary with Hearing Loss After Amikacin Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Klemens ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Larry F. Hughes ◽  
Satu Somani ◽  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference

This study's purpose was to determine if a correlation exists between cochlear antioxidant activity changes and auditory function after induction of aminoglycoside (AG) ototoxicity. Two groups of five 250-350 g albino guinea pigs served as subjects. For 28 days, albino guinea pigs were administered either 200 mg/kg/day amikacin, or saline subcutaneously. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed prior to the first injection and again before sacrifice, 28 days later. Cochleae were harvested and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured. All antioxidant enzymes had significantly lower activity in the amikacin group (p ≤ 0.05) than in the control group. The difference in cochlear antioxidant enzyme activity between groups inversely correlated significantly with the change in ABR thresholds. The greatest correlation was for the high frequencies, which are most affected by aminoglycosides. This study demonstrates that antioxidant enzyme activity and amikacin-induced hearing loss significantly covary.

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