Salivary Cortisol Response to Stress in Children

2001 ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Gunnar ◽  
J. Bruce ◽  
S.E. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Response To Stress

scholarly journals Psychological Stress and Salivary Cortisol Levels in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Paolo Gisondi ◽  
Davide Geat ◽  
Francesco Bellinato ◽  
Laura Spiazzi ◽  
Elisa Danese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response To Stress

Psychological stress has long been recognized as a trigger for plaque psoriasis, and preliminary evidence suggests that psoriasis could be associated with alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in impaired cortisol response to stress. This study aimed to investigate psychological stress, anxiety, depression and salivary cortisol in psoriatic patients. A cross sectional study involving 126 adult patients with plaque psoriasis and 116 adult healthy controls was conducted. Demographic, clinical data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were collected. Cases and controls were asked whether they felt stressed in the last month, whilst psoriatic patients were also interrogated whether they found that psoriasis could have been worsened by stress. Moreover, 54 randomly selected subjects (27 psoriasis patients and 27 controls) underwent salivary cortisol testing at 8 am. PSS, HADS depression and anxiety subscales were significantly higher in psoriatic patients than in controls (17.2 ± 0.6 vs. 15.1 ± 0.8 p = 0.0289), (9.5 ± 0.3 vs. 6.2 ± 0.3 p < 0.001) and (8.2 ± 0.4 vs. 4.2 ± 0.3 p < 0.001), respectively. A higher rate of psoriatic patients reported feeling stress over the last month (45% vs. 19%, p < 0.001), and stress was considered a potential trigger for psoriasis flare-ups in 69% of cases. Psoriasis was strongly associated with higher PSS and HADS scores independently of sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and occupational status. Salivary cortisol was significantly lower in psoriatic patients compared to controls (9.6 ± 0.5 vs. 14.0 ± 1.1 nmol/L, p < 0.001). In conclusion, psoriasis was associated with higher psychological stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and with impaired cortisol response to stress.

scholarly journals Salivary cortisol response to awakening in chronic fatigue syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda D. L. Roberts ◽  
Simon Wessely ◽  
Trudie Chalder ◽  
Andrew Papadopoulos ◽  
Anthony J. Cleare
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Response To Stress

BackgroundThere is accumulating evidence of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The salivary cortisol response to awakening has been described recently as a non-invasive test of the capacity of the HPA axis to respond to stress. The results of this test correlate closely with those of more invasive dynamic tests reported in the literature; furthermore, it can be undertaken in a naturalistic setting.AimsTo assess the HPA axis using the salivary cortisol response to awakening in CFS.MethodWe measured salivary cortisol upon awakening and 10, 20, 30 and 60 min afterwards in 56 patients with CFS and 35 healthy volunteers.ResultsPatients had a lower cortisol response to awakening, measured by the area under the curve.ConclusionsThis naturalistic test of the HPA axis response to stress showed impaired HPA axis function in CFS.

scholarly journals Influence of race on the effect of premature birth on salivary cortisol response to stress in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1100-1105
Author(s):  
Callie L. Brown ◽  
Katherine Myers ◽  
Andrew M. South ◽  
Hossam A. Shaltout ◽  
Elizabeth T. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Response To Stress

Salivary Cortisol Response to Stress in Young Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiji Kojima ◽  
Akio Matsuda ◽  
Ichiro Nomura ◽  
Osamu Matsubara ◽  
Shigeaki Nonoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Response To Stress

Aerodynamic and Acoustic Voice Measures Before and After an Acute Public Speaking Stressor

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 3311-3325
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Perrine ◽  
Ronald C. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Subglottal Pressure ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Purpose The goal of this study was to determine if differences in stress system activation lead to changes in speaking fundamental frequency, average oral airflow, and estimated subglottal pressure before and after an acute, psychosocial stressor. Method Eighteen vocally healthy adult females experienced the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to activate the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. The TSST includes public speaking and performing mental arithmetic in front of an audience. At seven time points, three before the stressor and four after the stressor, the participants produced /pa/ repetitions, read the Rainbow Passage, and provided a saliva sample. Measures included (a) salivary cortisol level, (b) oral airflow, (c) estimated subglottal pressure, and (d) speaking fundamental frequency from the second sentence of the Rainbow Passage. Results Ten of the 18 participants experienced a hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to stress as indicated by a 2.5-nmol/L increase in salivary cortisol from before the TSST to after the TSST. Those who experienced a response to stress had a significantly higher speaking fundamental frequency before and immediately after the stressor than later after the stressor. No other variable varied significantly due to the stressor. Conclusions This study suggests that the idiosyncratic and inconsistent voice changes reported in the literature may be explained by differences in stress system activation. In addition, laryngeal aerodynamic measures appear resilient to changes due to acute stress. Further work is needed to examine the influence of other stress systems and if these findings hold for dysphonic individuals.

scholarly journals Childhood Adversities and Salivary Cortisol Responses to the Trier Social Stress Test: A Systematic Review of Studies Using the Children Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Chuk Ling Julian Lai ◽  
Daryl Yu Heng Lee ◽  
Monique On Yee Leung
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Cortisol Responses

Alteration in cortisol response to acute social stressors has been hypothesized to mediate childhood adversities (CA) and increased morbidity in adulthood. However, the evidence supporting an association between CA and cortisol response to social stressors is inconclusive. The present review addressed this issue by reviewing the literature on CA and cortisol response to acute social stressors, with a focus on studies with adolescents or adults, using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess CA, and examining salivary cortisol response to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Systematic searches of relevant articles in PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect in February and March 2020 identified 12 articles including 1196 participants with mean ages ranging from 15.3 to 52.3 yrs. across studies. CTQ scores were significantly associated with cortisol response in 2 studies. In addition, the physical abuse and emotional neglect subscales were associated with cortisol response respectively in 2 separate studies. The lack of association between CA and cortisol response calls for more longitudinal studies, and the use of formal records of maltreatment or informant reports in future research to complement information collected by retrospective measures. In addition, increased attention to biological mechanisms other than that associated with the regulation of cortisol in explaining the connection between CA and psychiatry morbidity is warranted.

scholarly journals Influence of sex and gonadal status of sheep on cortisol secretion in response to ACTH and on cortisol and LH secretion in response to stress: importance of different stressors

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Turner ◽  
BJ Canny ◽  
RJ Hobbs ◽  
JD Bond ◽  
IJ Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Gonadal Status ◽  
Major Mediator

There are sex differences in the response to stress and in the influence of stress on reproduction which may be due to gonadal steroids but the nature of these differences and the role of the gonads are not understood. We tested the hypotheses that sex and the presence/absence of gonads (gonadal status) will influence the cortisol response to injection of ACTH, insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and isolation/restraint stress, and that sex and gonadal status will influence the secretion of LH in response to isolation/restraint stress. Four groups of sheep were used in each of three experiments: gonad-intact rams, gonadectomised rams, gonad-intact ewes in the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle and gonadectomised ewes. In Experiment 1 (n=4/group), jugular blood samples were collected every 10 min for 6 h; after 3 h, two animals in each group were injected (i.v.) with ACTH and the remaining two animals were injected (i.v.) with saline. Treatments were reversed 5 days later so that every animal received both treatments. Experiment 2 (n=4/group) used a similar schedule except that insulin was injected (i.v.) instead of ACTH. In Experiment 3 (n=5/group), blood samples were collected every 10 min for 16 h on a control day and again 2 weeks later when, after 8 h of sampling, all sheep were isolated and restrained for 8 h. Plasma cortisol was significantly (P<0.05) elevated following injection of ACTH or insulin and during isolation/restraint stress. There were no significant differences between the sexes in the cortisol response to ACTH. Rams had a greater (P<0.05) cortisol response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia than ewes while ewes had a greater (P<0.05) cortisol response to isolation/restraint stress than rams. There was no effect of gonadal status on these parameters. Plasma LH was suppressed (P<0.05) in gonadectomised animals during isolation/restraint stress but was not affected in gonad-intact animals, and there were no differences between the sexes. Our results show that the sex that has the greater cortisol response to a stressor depends on the stressor imposed and that these sex differences are likely to be at the level of the hypothalamo-pituitary unit rather than at the adrenal gland. Since there was a sex difference in the cortisol response to isolation/restraint, the lack of a sex difference in the response of LH to this stress suggests that glucocorticoids are unlikely to be a major mediator of the stress-induced suppression of LH secretion.

scholarly journals Responses of Lipolysis and Salivary Cortisol to Food Intake and Physical Activity in Lean and Obese Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 4701-4707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hershberger ◽  
M. R. McCammon ◽  
J. P. Garry ◽  
M. T. Mahar ◽  
R. C. Hickner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prior Exercise

This investigation was conducted to determine whether there were differences in lipolytic responses to feeding and physical activity between lean (LN) and obese (OB) children, and if these responses were related to cortisol. Fourteen LN and 11 OB children participated in this study of abdominal lipolysis and salivary cortisol response to breakfast and lunch with an intervening exercise session. Calculated fasting glycerol release was lower in OB than LN (0.645 ± 0.06 vs. 0.942 ± 0.11 μmol/ml; P &lt; 0.05). Fasting adipose tissue nutritive flow was lower in OB than in LN subjects, but responses to feeding and exercise were not different. Breakfast elicited a decrease in interstitial glycerol concentration in LN (−33%; P &lt; 0.05), but not in OB (−5%), children, although decreases in glycerol concentration in response to lunch were similar (LN, −41%; OB, −36%). An interaction was evident in the salivary cortisol response to breakfast (LN, no change; OB, increase) and exercise (LN, no change; OB, decrease), but there were no group differences in response to lunch. Alterations in salivary cortisol and lipolysis were not related. These data suggest that salivary cortisol and lipolytic responses are not necessarily linked, but are altered in obesity. Furthermore, prior exercise may improve the antilipolytic response to a meal in OB children.

scholarly journals Perceived control moderates the influence of active coping on salivary cortisol response to acute pain among women but not men

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 944-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Bento ◽  
B.R. Goodin ◽  
L.A. Fabian ◽  
G.G. Page ◽  
N.B. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pain ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Cortisol Response
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