Mpv 3 7 Mouse Strain - A Model for the Relationship between the Kidney and the Inner Ear

2002 ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Meyer zum Gottesberge ◽  
V. Balz ◽  
H. Felix
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Immunology of the inner ear: Response of the inner ear to antigen challenge

1983 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Antigen Challenge ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of the inner ear to host immunity and the immunoresponsiveness of the inner ear to antigen challenge were investigated. A radioimmunoassay was used to quantitate antibody titers to keyhole-limpet hemocyanin generated in the serum, perilymph, and CSF of guinea pigs following systemic or inner ear immunizations. The results of these experiments demonstrate (1) the blood-labyrinth barrier is analogous to the blood-brain barrier with respect to immunoglobulin equilibrium, (2) the inner ear is capable of responding to antigen challenge, and (3) the inner ear is an effective route for systemic immunization.

The relationship between jugular bulb position and jugular bulb related inner ear dehiscence: a retrospective analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas J.-H. Park ◽  
Anmin Shen ◽  
Christina Loberg ◽  
Martin Westhofen
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Jugular Bulb ◽  
The Relationship

X-ray microtomography study of otic capsule deficiencies: three-dimensional modelling of the fissula ante fenestram

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 840-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Lee ◽  
P Sale ◽  
N P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Otic Capsule ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Otologic Surgery ◽  
Science Group ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractBackground:The postulated sites of perilymph fistulae involve otic capsule deficiencies, in particular, at the fissula ante fenestram. Histological studies have revealed this to be a channel extending from the middle ear, and becoming continuous with the inner ear medial to the anterior limit of the oval window. The relationship between a patent fissula and symptoms of perilymph fistula is contentious.Objective:The understanding of the anatomy of the fissula ante fenestram is incomplete. Histopathology is inherently destructive to the delicate ultrastructure of the middle and inner ear. Conversely, X-ray microtomography allows non-destructive examination of the otic capsule. In this study, we used X-ray microtomography to characterise the fissula ante fenestram.Materials and methods:We imaged cadaveric temporal bones with X-ray microtomography. We used the Avizo Fire (Visualization Science Group, Merignac Cedex, France) software to perform post-processing and image analysis.Results:Three-dimensional modelling of the fissula ante fenestram allowed stratification into four forms: rudimentary pit; partial fissula; complete occluded fissula; and complete patent fissula.Conclusion:X-ray microtomography showed that the fissula ante fenestram is present in various forms from rudimentary pit to complete deficiency of the otic capsule. This understanding may have implications for otologic surgery and clinical diagnosis of perilymph fistula.

scholarly journals DK/Lm: A Strain of Laboratory Mouse with an Unusual Expression of the Lethal Yellow (Ay) Phenotype

1986 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lynn Lamoreux ◽  
Donald B. Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Laboratory Mouse ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strain ◽  
Agouti Locus ◽  
Basic Colour ◽  
Dorsal Aspect ◽  
Lethal Yellow ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryDK/Lm is a new inbred mouse strain with over 20 generations of brother–sister mating. The genotype of the DK/Lm mouse at the black-brown locus is b/b and heterozygosity at the agouti locus (Ay/a) is maintained. DK/Lm-Ay/a mice become sable in phenotype at the first moult, whereas C57BL/6J-Ay/a mice do not. The sable phenotype is defined as that of a mouse whose basic colour is yellow (phaeomelanic) but whose dorsal aspect is more or less darkened by the presence of nonyellow (eumelanic) pigment. At about 6 months of age the DK/Lm mouse gradually reverts to yellow in phenotype.Mice of the two strains are compared. Observations are discussed and related to hypotheses regarding gene action at the a and e loci. The new strain is a useful experimental model for study of the relationship between gene action at the agouti locus and the important pleiotropic effects influenced by this locus.

scholarly journals Generation of a Spiral Ganglion Neuron Degeneration Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqing Hu ◽  
Fnu Komal ◽  
Aditi Singh ◽  
Meng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Spiral Ganglion ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Spiral Ganglion Neuron ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) can be injured by a wide variety of insults. However, there still is a lack of degeneration models to specifically damage the SGNs without disturbing other types of cells in the inner ear. This study aims to generate an SGN-specific damage model using the Cre-LoxP transgenic mouse strains. The Cre-inducible diphtheria toxin receptor (iDTR+/+) knock-in mouse strain was crossed with a mouse strain with Cre activity specific to neurons (NeflCreER/CreER). Expression of the Cre-recombinase activity was evaluated using the reporter mouse strain Ai9 at pre-hearing, hearing onset, and post-hearing stages. Accordingly, heterozygous NeflCreER/+;iDTR+/– mice were treated with tamoxifen on postnatal days 1–5 (P1–5), followed by diphtheria toxin (DT) or vehicle injection on P7, P14, and P21 to evaluate the SGN loss. Robust tamoxifen-induced Cre-mediated Ai9 tdTomato fluorescence was observed in the SGN area of heterozygous NeflCreER/+;Ai9+/– mice treated with tamoxifen, whereas vehicle-treated heterozygote mice did not show tdTomato fluorescence. Compared to vehicle-treated NeflCreER/+;iDTR+/– mice, DT-treated NeflCreER/+;iDTR+/– mice showed significant auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold shifts and SGN cell loss. Hair cell count and functional study did not show significant changes. These results demonstrate that the NeflCreER/CreER mouse strain exhibits inducible SGN-specific Cre activity in the inner ear, which may serve as a valuable SGN damage model for regeneration research of the inner ear.

The relationship between abnormalities of pigmentation and of the inner ear

1970 ◽  
Vol 175 (1039) ◽  
pp. 201-217 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Unknown Function ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Abnormalities of pigmentation and of the inner ear occur together in inherited syndromes in several mammals, including man. The pigmentary abnormalities are always of the white spotting kind, which is distinct from albinism, although the entire skin and fur may be affected. The inner ear abnormalities are confined to the cochlea and the saccule, and follow a certain pattern. Recently, the author obtained some evidence suggesting that this association might be based on the common origin of the melanocytes and a part of the acoustic ganglion in the neural crest: the abnormalities of the ear were looked for in two spotted mutants in the mouse in which the neural crest had been experimentally shown to be abnormal, and they were found. The questions arose: how widespread were abnormalities of the ear in animals with spotting, and what were the requirements in size and locality of spots for the involvement of the ear? To answer these the inner ear was examined in mice of 15 genotypes covering a wide range with regard to the degree and locality of spotting. Abnormalities were found in all heavily spotted genotypes. Of much greater interest were the observations that the pigmentation of the inner ear was also always affected; that the spotting of the coat was not a good guide to this internal 'spotting'; and that the severity and extent of the inner ear abnormalities were much more closely related to the internal than to the external spotting. Moreover, most genotypes had their own pattern of internal ‘spotting’. No observation was made that was incompatible with the hypothesis that the neural crest might be the link between the two components of the syndrome. The chief alternative explanation, that the pigment or the pigment cells have some unknown function in the inner ear, cannot be entirely ruled out, but it has several weighty arguments against it. This study has also explained why the two components of the syndrome sometimes appear to be separated. It has shown that the problem of the nature and origin of spotting in mammals is even more complex than was thought before. The evolutionary significance of the relationship between pigmentation and the inner ear is pointed out.

scholarly journals Reciprocal virulence and resistance polymorphism in the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and the house mouse

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingtao Lilue ◽  
Urs Benedikt Müller ◽  
Tobias Steinfeldt ◽  
Jonathan C Howard
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Parasite Life Cycle ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Evolution Of Virulence ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resistance Polymorphism

Virulence in the ubiquitous intracellular protozoon Toxoplasma gondii for its natural intermediate host, the mouse, appears paradoxical from an evolutionary standpoint because death of the mouse before encystment interrupts the parasite life cycle. Virulent T. gondii strains secrete kinases and pseudokinases that inactivate the immunity-related GTPases (IRG proteins) responsible for mouse resistance to avirulent strains. Such considerations stimulated a search for IRG alleles unknown in laboratory mice that might confer resistance to virulent strains of T. gondii. We report that the mouse IRG system shows extraordinary polymorphic complexity in the wild. We describe an IRG haplotype from a wild-derived mouse strain that confers resistance against virulent parasites by interference with the virulent kinase complex. In such hosts virulent strains can encyst, hinting at an explanation for the evolution of virulence polymorphism in T. gondii.

An evaluation of serum Otolin-1 & Vitamin-D in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Harsha Yadav ◽  
DVK Irugu ◽  
Lakshmy Ramakrishanan ◽  
Archana Singh ◽  
Ransi Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Head Roll ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

BACKGROUND: Serum otolin-1 is an inner ear protein exclusively expressed in otoconia and cells of vestibule and cochlea. Serum otolin-1 is found to be quantifiable in patients with BPPV. Low Vitamin-D is associated with pathogenesis of BPPV. Since otoconia degeneration contributes to BPPV, lack of Vitamin-D may impact otoconia structure and integrity. OBJECTIVE: We aimed at studying the s.otolin-1 as biomarker and significance of vit-D in BPPV. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 23 patients in test and control groups respectively were chosen within the age of 20 to 65 years. All the patients were diagnosed using Dix Hallpike menouver and head roll test, patients were treated with appropriate Canal Reposition Menouver (CRM). RESULTS: Serum Otolin-1 levels among the test ranged from 366 to 882 pg/mL with mean of 585.17 pg/mL whereas in control group ranged from 223 to 462 pg/mL with mean of 335.26 pg/mL. Mean Vitamin-D levels among the test group was 22.67 ng/mL (Range = 6.3–68.4) and that of control 15.43 pg/mL (Range = 5.4–27.7) respectively. The relationship between the serum Otolin-1 and Vitamin-D was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Otolin-1 levels is increased in BPPV patients and is sensitive in BPPV, specificity needs to be validated. Role of vitamin-D with respect to inner ear proteins needs further investigation.

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