Effects of Protein Meals on the Urinary Excretion of Various Plasma Proteins in Healthy Subjects

Nephron ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Narita ◽  
Hiroji Kitazato ◽  
Jun Koshimura ◽  
Katsunori Suzuki ◽  
Masahiko Murata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Proteins

scholarly journals Glucose-Induced Insulin Hypersecretion in Lipid-Infused Healthy Subjects Is Associated with a Decrease in Plasma Norepinephrine Concentration and Urinary Excretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 4901-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Magnan ◽  
Céline Cruciani ◽  
Laurence Clément ◽  
Pierre Adnot ◽  
Mylène Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sympathetic Tone ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Lipid Infusion ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
Glucose Injection

We investigated the effect of a 48 h triglyceride infusion on the subsequent insulin secretion in response to glucose in healthy men. We measured the variations in plasma concentration and urinary excretion of catecholamines as an indirect estimation of sympathetic tone. For 48 h, 20 volunteers received a triglyceride/heparin or a saline solution, separated by a 1-month interval. At time 48 h, insulin secretion in response to glucose was investigated by a single iv glucose injection (0.5 g/kg−1) followed by an hyperglycemic clamp (10 mg·kg−1·min−1, during 50 min). The triglyceride infusion resulted in a 3-fold elevation in plasma free fatty acids and an increase in insulin and C-peptide plasma concentrations (1.5- and 2.5-fold, respectively, P < 0.05), compared with saline. At time 48 h of lipid infusion, plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentration and urinary excretion levels were lowered compared with saline (plasma NE: 0.65 ± 0.08 vs. 0.42 ± 0.06 ng/ml, P < 0.05; urinary excretion: 800 ± 70 vs. 620 ± 25 nmol/24 h, P < 0.05). In response to glucose loading, insulin and C-peptide plasma concentrations were higher in lipid compared with saline infusion (plasma insulin: 600 ± 98 vs. 310 ± 45 pm, P < 0.05; plasma C-peptide 3.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.7 ± 0.2 nm, P < 0.05). In conclusion, in healthy subjects, a 48-h lipid infusion induces basal hyperinsulinemia and exaggerated insulin secretion in response to glucose which may be partly related to a decrease in sympathetic tone.

Thin-layer chromatographic determination of urinary excretion of lactulose, simplified and applied to cystic fibrosis patients.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1211-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Flick ◽  
R L Schnaar ◽  
J A Perman
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
High Reproducibility

Abstract Urinary excretion of orally administered lactulose is used as an index of intestinal permeability. We have developed a simple thin-layer chromatographic technique for measuring lactulose in urine, using silica gel 60 plates and a propanol-borate solvent system. Lactulose concentrations as low as 62.5 mg/L can be detected with high reproducibility and without interference by urinary chromogens. After oral administration, the urinary excretion of lactulose in 8 h equaled 2.33 (SD 1.86)% in 15 patients with cystic fibrosis, as compared with 0.13 (SD 0.12)% in 16 healthy subjects (P less than 0.001).

The Effect of Mental Stress on Catecholamines, their Metabolites and Plasma Renin Activity in Patients with Essential Hypertension and in Healthy Subjects

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 229s-231s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Januszewicz ◽  
M. Sznajderman ◽  
B. Wocial ◽  
T. Feltynowski ◽  
T. Klonowicz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

1. Ten patients with essential hypertension and ten healthy men were submitted to mental stress consisting of Kraepelin's arithmetic test combined with noise. Concentrations of plasma and urine catecholamines and of their metabolites as well as plasma renin activity before and after the test were studied. 2. In both groups a significant increase of noradrenaline and adrenaline in blood and noradrenaline in urine was observed. The urinary excretion of dopamine fell significantly in both groups after stress. 3. After mental stress a significant increase in urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was observed in both groups. The excretion of vanillylmandelic acid decreased significantly only in healthy subjects. 4. The plasma renin activity rose significantly in both groups but the increase was more pronounced in healthy subjects.

PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE EXCRETION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Boström ◽  
Per Olov Wester
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exchange Technique

ABSTRACT A comparison of the range of urinary excretion of 20 elements (Ag, As, Au, Br, Ce, Cd, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, La, Mg, Mo, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, W, Zn) in healthy subjects as well as in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism before and after operation was performed by means of a recently developed ion-exchange technique following neutron activation analysis. The urinary levels of the 20 trace elements showed no distinct differences when the controls were compared with the untreated cases of hyperparathyroidism. Small differences in the urinary excretion of certain trace elements in patients with hyperparathyroidism before and after operation were, however, revealed. The biological significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals Bacterial DNA induces the formation of heat-resistant disease-associated proteins in human plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Tetz ◽  
George Tetz
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Resistant Disease

AbstractOur study demonstrated for the first time that bacterial extracellular DNA (eDNA) can change the thermal behavior of specific human plasma proteins, leading to an elevation of the heat-resistant protein fraction, as well as to de novo acquisition of heat-resistance. In fact, the majority of these proteins were not known to be heat-resistant nor do they possess any prion-like domain. Proteins found to become heat-resistant following DNA exposure were named “Tetz-proteins”. Interestingly, plasma proteins that become heat-resistant following treatment with bacterial eDNA are known to be associated with cancer. In pancreatic cancer, the proportion of proteins exhibiting eDNA-induced changes in thermal behavior was found to be particularly elevated. Therefore, we analyzed the heat-resistant proteome in the plasma of healthy subjects and in patients with pancreatic cancer and found that exposure to bacterial eDNA made the proteome of healthy subjects more similar to that of cancer patients. These findings open a discussion on the possible novel role of eDNA in disease development following its interaction with specific proteins, including those involved in multifactorial diseases such as cancer.

Plasma Protein Oxidation Is Associated with an Increase of Procoagulant Markers Causing an Imbalance between Pro- and Anticoagulant Pathways in Healthy Subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (01) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Rocca ◽  
Roberto Marchioli ◽  
Raffaele Landolfi ◽  
Raimondo De Cristofaro
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether the overall oxidation state of plasma proteins is associated with changes of circulating pro- and anticoagulant markers in healthy subjects (n = 99, 49 males, 50 females, aged from 6 to 91 yrs.). The carbonyl content of plasma proteins was measured and validated as an ex vivo index of the overall protein oxidation state due to its correlation with the plasma level of o-tyrosine (r = 0.87, P <0.0001), which is a well known oxidized product of L-phenylalanine. Using a multivariate analysis the carbonyl content of plasma protein was positively associated with procoagulant markers such as prothrombin F1 + 2 (r = 0.28, P = 0.0019) and fibrinopeptide A, (FpA) (r = 0.278, P = 0.003), as well as with the soluble derivative of the endothelial protein thrombomodulin (TM) (r = 0.469, P <0.0001). The procoagulant marker of thrombin activity, FpA, was significantly and positively correlated with the anticoagulant product of thrombin, namely the Protein C activation peptide (PCP), only in the tertile with low protein carbonyl content. At higher tertiles this correlation was no longer observed, thus suggesting a detrimental effect of oxidative stress on the TM/Protein C anticoagulant pathway. In 15 subjects with high carbonyl content of plasma protein, treatment for 18 days with 600 mg/d of vitamin E did not substantially modify the protein carbonyl content, the anticoagulant markers APC/PCP, and all procoagulant markers except F1+2, whose value significantly decreased by 25%.In conclusion, the present study shows that a high plasma protein oxidation ex vivo is associated with an overall hemostatic imbalance, which favors procoagulant markers. Vitamin E treatment in vivo restores only in part the equilibrium between pro- and anticoagulant pathways. This may open the way to further studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms by which the oxidative stress is linked to activation of the coagulation system in atherothrombotic disorders. Abbreviations: APC: activated Protein C; F1+2: prothrombin fragment 1+2; FpA: fibrinopeptide A; PCP: Protein C activation peptide; TM: thrombomodulin

Acidic Catecholamine Metabolites and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Urine: The Influence of Diet

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiko Mashige ◽  
Yoshikazu Matsushima ◽  
Hideko Kanazawa ◽  
Ichiro Sakuma ◽  
Nobuharù Takai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Detector ◽  
Anion Exchange Column ◽  
Kiwi Fruit ◽  
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid

Concentrations of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), vanillic acid (VA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in urine from healthy subjects were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography system with a mixed-mode (C18/ anion-exchange) column and an 8-channel electrochemical detector, in order to study the influence of diet, diurnal variation and age. The urinary excretion of 5-HIAA increased significantly after eating banana, pineapple, tomato, kiwi fruit and walnut. An increase in the urinary excretion of DOPAC and HVA after eating banana and that of VA after taking vanilla was also noted. The urinary excretion of VMA was not significantly influenced by any of the foods examined. The urinary excretion of 5-HIAA in the first-morning urine increased beyond the upper limit of the reference value when banana was taken at 2000 h the previous day. The excretion of all metabolites in the second-morning urine in the fasting state was within respective reference ranges. Diurnal variation of the excretion of VMA, DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA in urine was relatively small, but that of VA was large. The concentrations (mmol/mol creatinine) of VMA, DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA and VA in the first-morning urine from healthy subjects increased from 7 days after birth to 1 year and then decreased to adult levels at 13 years of age.

COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENTS ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF EXOGENOUS OXYTOCIN AND VASOPRESSIN

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svend Erik Jensen ◽  
Per Frandsen ◽  
Aage Theil Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Blood Level ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Collecting Ducts

ABSTRACT The urinary excretion of oxytocin (milk-ejecting activity) and arginine vasopressin (antidiuretic activity) in water-loaded rabbits was measured following simultaneous intravenous injection of 1–9 IU of oxytocin and 0.1–0.3 IU of vasopressin per animal. The percentage excretion of vasopressin was 2–10 times that of oxytocin. Experiments with a steady state blood level of vasopressin and oxytocin maintained by continuous infusion showed, that the vasopressin/oxytocin ratio increased 2–6 times, when the hormones passed from the blood into the urine. This indicates a difference in the renal handling of the hormones with regard to the mechanism of the urinary excretion. The urinary clearance of vasopressin was about the same as that of inulin, consistent with the hypothesis, that vasopressin is excreted mainly by glomerular filtration. The clearance of oxytocin was lower than that of vasopressin and inulin, indicating that oxytocin is filtered at a lower rate (binding to plasma proteins) or partly re-absorbed or inactivated in the tubules and/or collecting ducts.

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