Untethered Filum terminale Presenting as Cauda equina Lesion

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
J. Charles Mace ◽  
Joel Cure ◽  
Byron N. Bailey ◽  
Bruce B. Storrs
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Filum Terminale ◽  
Cauda Equina Lesion

scholarly journals Intradural Spinal Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kan-Hing Mak ◽  
John Ching-Kwong Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Spinal Metastasis ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidural Metastasis ◽  
Cauda Equina Lesion ◽  
Osseous Structure ◽  
Intradural Space

Intradural spinal metastasis is rare. This is the third case ever reported on the finding of intradural spinal metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma that had been removed surgically. The patient had a history of epidural metastasis for which excision and anterior stabilization were done 3 years before the new presentation with cauda equina lesion. Seeding from the involved osseous structure to the cerebrospinal fluid through the dura was believed to be the course that tumour had taken to reach the intradural space.

scholarly journals Concomitant Double Tumors of Myxopapillary Ependymoma Presented at Cauda Equina-Filum Terminale in Adult Patient

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulaş Yener ◽  
Mustafa Güdük ◽  
Murat Şakir Ekşi ◽  
Murat Hamit Aytar ◽  
Aydın Sav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patient ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Myxopapillary Ependymoma ◽  
Filum Terminale

MRI of Conus Medullaris, Cauda Equina, and Filum Terminale Lesions

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (24) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rami Eldaya ◽  
Omar Eissa ◽  
Gabriel Calles ◽  
Jorge Lee-Diaz ◽  
Tomas Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Filum Terminale

scholarly journals Spinal ependymomas. Part 2: Ependymomas of the filum terminale

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. E7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Klekamp
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Myxopapillary Ependymoma ◽  
Filum Terminale ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Subarachnoid Dissemination

OBJECT Ependymomas of the filum terminale provide specific surgical challenges due to their often enormous size, contact with nerve roots of the cauda equina and conus, and potential for subarachnoid dissemination. This study presents treatment results for these tumors over a 30-year period. METHODS Among 1447 patients with tumors of the spinal canal treated between 1980 and 2014, 618 patients presented with extramedullary tumors. Of these, 42 patients (25 males, 17 females) demonstrated a myxopapillary ependymoma in the lumbosacral region. Thirty-four patients underwent 36 operations for 39 such tumors. The mean patient age was 38 ± 14 years (range 11−73 years), with an average clinical history of 37 ± 67 months. Patients were followed through outpatient visits and questionnaires, with a mean follow-up of 10 years (127 ± 100 months). Twenty-seven operations were performed to treat de novo tumors and the remainder were undertaken on recurrent tumors. Short-term results were determined for individual symptoms, and tumor recurrence rates were calculated with Kaplan-Meier statistical analyses. RESULTS Subarachnoid dissemination was observed in 11 patients and was related to previous surgery in 9 patients and associated with extensive tumors in 2 patients. Gross-total resections (GTR) were achieved in 28 operations (77.7%) and subtotal resections in the remainder. Subtotal resections were restricted to unencapsulated ependymomas (61.5%). Radiotherapy was employed after 6 operations on unencapsulated tumors, with 5 of these also demonstrating subarachnoid seeding. Permanent surgical morbidity affected 3 patients who experienced permanent worsening of bladder function, while 7 patients showed no postoperative changes, and the remaining 26 operations were followed by improvements. Long-term outcome depended on the amount of resection and the presence of a tumor capsule. Eight of 9 tumor recurrences affected unencapsulated tumors, of which 3 had undergone GTR. The overall recurrence rates were 6.6%, 19.0%, and 37.0% after 1, 10, and 20 years, respectively. For unencapsulated ependymomas, the corresponding rates were 15.6%, 32.5%, and 66.2% after 1, 10, and 20 years, respectively, with significantly lower rates of 9.1% after 10 and 20 years for encapsulated tumors. Postoperative radiotherapy tended to prolong the recurrence-free interval for patients with unencapsulated tumors. Five patient deaths occurred during follow-up, of which 2 deaths were tumor related and occurred at 216 and 287 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Extramedullary ependymomas are slow-growing tumors in the lumbosacral region, sometimes with an indolent course for long periods of time. Despite their delicate location and often enormous size, surgical morbidity in experienced hands is low, with good chances for postoperative clinical improvements and very low recurrence rates after GTR for encapsulated tumors. The role of postoperative radiotherapy remains controversial. Radiotherapy may be considered after incomplete resections of unencapsulated tumors and/or for patients with subarachnoid dissemination.

scholarly journals Transplantation of neural stem cells encapsulated in hydrogels improve functional recovery in a cauda equina lesion model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyi Fu ◽  
Huidong Wang ◽  
Yujie Wu ◽  
Tong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Cauda Equina Lesion

Abstract Background This study explored the therapeutic effects of transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) encapsulated in hydrogels in a cauda equina lesion model. Methods NSCs were isolated from neonatal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and cultured in three-dimensional porous hydrogel scaffolds. Immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, Luxol fast blue staining, TUNEL assay were performed to detect the differentiation capability, ultrastructural and pathological changes, and apoptosis of NSCs. Furthermore, the functional recovery of sensorimotor reflexes was determined using the tail-flick test. Results NSCs derived from DRG were able to proliferate to form neurospheres and mainly differentiate into oligodendrocytes in the three-dimensional hydrogel culture system. After transplantation of NSCs encapsulated in hydrogels, NSCs differentiated into oligodendrocytes, neurons or astrocytes in vivo . Moreover, NSCs engrafted on the hydrogels decreased apoptosis and alleviated the ultrastructural and pathological changes of injured cauda equina. Behavioral analysis showed that transplanted hydrogel-encapsulated NSCs decreased the tail-flick latency and showed a neuroprotective role on injured cauda equina. Conclusions Our results indicate transplantation of hydrogel-encapsulated NSCs promotes stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes, neurons or astrocytes and contributes to the functional recovery of injured cauda equina, suggesting that NSCs encapsulated in hydrogels may be applied for the treatment of cauda equina injury.

scholarly journals Ependimoma mixopapilar osteolítico gigante del sacro: una forma agresiva de un tumor benigno

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Martha Cecilia Tuñón Pitalúa ◽  
Karina María Ruiz Cáez ◽  
Lucía Mercedes Niño Hernández ◽  
Sandra Piña Cabrales ◽  
Gabriel Alcalá Cerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Filum Terminale

Introducción: el ependimoma mixopapilar (EM) es un tumor glial ependimario que afecta predominantemente a los adultos jóvenes, se origina en el filum terminale, la cauda equina y el cono medular.Caso clínico: se presenta el caso de una paciente en quien durante el estudio de un dolor radicular se logra detectar ependimoma mixopapilar gigante, el cual comprometía gran parte del hueso sacro, mostrando un comportamiento localmente agresivo con intensa osteólisis.Conclusión: se discutieron las posibles teorías que explican la presencia de estos tumores a nivel sacro, en especial la presencia de remanentes embrionarios de tejido ependimario en los niveles más caudales del canal vertebral y los posibles mecanismos que explican el comportamiento agresivo de estos tumores histológicamente benignos. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015; 6(2):348-353

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