Energy Expenditure, Energy Intake and Prevalence of Obesity after Therapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia during Childhood

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonore I. E. Mayer ◽  
Marianne Reuter ◽  
Roland E. Dopfer ◽  
Michael B. Ranke
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

scholarly journals Increased Body Mass Index during Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Significant and Underestimated Complication

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Atkinson ◽  
Julie A. Marsh ◽  
Shoshana R. Rath ◽  
Rishi S. Kotecha ◽  
Hazel Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Standard Risk

Objective & Design. We undertook a retrospective review of children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and treated with modern COG protocols(n=80)to determine longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of obesity compared with a healthy reference population.Results. At diagnosis, the majority of patients (77.5%) were in the healthy weight category. During treatment, increases in BMIz-scores were greater for females than males; the prevalence of obesity increased from 10.3% to 44.8%(P<0.004)for females but remained relatively unchanged for males (9.8% to 13.7%,P=0.7). Longitudinal analysis using linear mixed-effects identified associations between BMIz-scores and time-dependent interactions with sex(P=0.0005), disease risk(P<0.0001), age(P=0.0001), and BMIz-score(P<0.0001)at diagnosis and total dose of steroid during maintenance(P=0.01). Predicted mean BMIz-scores at the end of therapy were greater for females with standard risk ALL irrespective of age at diagnosis and for males younger than 4 years of age at diagnosis with standard risk ALL.Conclusion. Females treated on standard risk protocols and younger males may be at greatest risk of becoming obese during treatment for ALL. These subgroups may benefit from intervention strategies to manage BMI during treatment for ALL.

scholarly journals Secular trends in under-reporting in young people

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Rennie ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
A. Wright ◽  
W. A. Coward
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

National survey data show that reported energy intake has decreased in recent decades despite a rise in the prevalence of obesity. This disparity may be due to a secular increase in under-reporting or a quantitatively greater decrease in energy expenditure. This study examines the extent of under-reporting of energy intake in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) in young people aged 4–18 years in 1997 using published equations to calculate estimated energy requirements. It explores secular changes by comparison with the Diets of British School Children (DBSC) survey in 10–11- and 14–15-year-olds in 1983. In the NDNS, under-reporting (estimated energy requirements – energy intake) represented 21 % of energy needs in girls and 20 % in boys. The magnitude of under-reporting increased significantly with age (P<0·001) and was higher in overweight than lean individuals over 7 years of age. To compare reported energy intake in DBSC and NDNS, the estimated physical activity level from dietary records (dPAL=reported energy intake/predicted BMR) was calculated. If there were no under-reporting, dPAL would represent the subject's true activity level. However, dPAL from the NDNS was significantly lower than that from the DBSC by 8 % and 9 % in boys and girls for those aged 10–11 years, and by 14 % and 11 % for 14–15-year-olds respectively, reaching physiologically implausible levels in the 14–15-year-old girls (dPAL=1·17). If activity levels have remained constant between the two surveys, under-reporting has increased by 8–14 %. The evidence supports a secular trend towards increased under-reporting between the two surveys, but the precise magnitude cannot be quantified in the absence of historical measures of energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Interactions between physical activity and diet in the regulation of body weight

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie S. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
Fat Diets

The increasing worldwide prevalence of obesity suggests that there is a chronic positive energy balance. This situation implies poor coupling between energy intake and energy expenditure, but the contribution of each of these factors remains unclear. Epidemiological data suggests that physical activity has a role in the prevention of weight gain, although there is little evidence that it has a beneficial role in weight loss. High-fat diets have also been implicated, evidence from a variety of sources suggests that diets high in fat undermine appetite regulatory mechanisms. There has been much research to investigate the coupling between energy expenditure and energy intake in the short term in an attempt to elucidate some of the mechanisms involved. However, mechanisms regulating appetite are very complex, and it is currently unclear at which points physical activity and diet may have an influence.

scholarly journals Reduced Energy Expenditure in Preobese Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J Reilly ◽  
Jonathan C Ventham ◽  
Judith M Ralston ◽  
Malcolm Donaldson ◽  
Brenda Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Prevalence of obesity in young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livio Pagano ◽  
Giovina De Rosa ◽  
Maria Teresa Voso ◽  
Roberto Marra ◽  
Americo Testa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

scholarly journals Mechanisms by Which Obesity Impacts Survival from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (54) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etan Orgel ◽  
Jessica L Sea ◽  
Steven D Mittelman
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Common Malignancy

Abstract The prevalence of obesity has steadily risen over the past decades, even doubling in more than 70 countries. High levels of body fat (adiposity) and obesity are associated with endocrine and hormonal dysregulation, cardiovascular compromise, hepatic dysfunction, pancreatitis, changes in drug metabolism and clearance, inflammation, and metabolic stress. It is thus unsurprising that obesity can affect the development of and survival from a wide variety of malignancies. This review focuses on acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common malignancy in children, to explore the multiple mechanisms connecting acute lymphoblastic leukemia, obesity, and adipocytes, and the implications for leukemia therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of Glucocorticoid Therapy on Energy Intake in Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 3742-3745 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Reilly ◽  
M. Brougham ◽  
C. Montgomery ◽  
F. Richardson ◽  
A. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Glucocorticoid Therapy
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