Regulation of the Urine Concentration Mechanism by the Oropharyngeal Afferent Pathway in Man

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Kuramochi ◽  
Isao Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Afferent Pathway

THE SOURCES OF AUXIN HORMONE TO GROWTH OF SHOOT PINEAPPLE STEM CUTTING (Ananascomosus.L. Merr.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Palupi Puspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Water Concentration ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Natural Hormone ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this study was to select the best sources of auxin of which it can stimulate the growth of shoots Pineapple plant cuttings. This research is compiled in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The Data were statistically Analyzed by the DMRT. Level of treatment given proves that no treatment 0%, cow urine concentration of 25%, young coconut water concentration of 25% and Rootone F 100 mg / cuttings. The results showed that cow urine concentrations of 25% and Rootone F 100 mg give the best results in stimulating the growth of shoots pineapple stem cuttings. Experimental results concluded that the effect of this natural hormone were better than the shoots without given hormone.           

scholarly journals Acupuncture Affects Regional Blood Flow in Various Organs

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Uchida ◽  
Harumi Hotta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Afferent Pathway ◽  
Antidromic Activation ◽  
Efferent Nerve ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow

In this review, our recent studies using anesthetized animals concerning the neural mechanisms of vasodilative effect of acupuncture-like stimulation in various organs are briefly summarized. Responses of cortical cerebral blood flow and uterine blood flow are characterized as non-segmental and segmental reflexes. Among acupuncture-like stimuli delivered to five different segmental areas of the body; afferent inputs to the brain stem (face) and to the spinal cord at the cervical (forepaw), thoracic (chest or abdomen), lumbar (hindpaw) and sacral (perineum) levels, cortical cerebral blood flow was increased by stimuli to face, forepaw and hindpaw. The afferent pathway of the responses is composed of somatic groups III and IV afferent nerves and whose efferent nerve pathway includes intrinsic cholinergic vasodilators originating in the basal forebrain. Uterine blood flow was increased by cutaneous stimulation of the hindpaw and perineal area, with perineal predominance. The afferent pathway of the response is composed of somatic group II, III and IV afferent nerves and the efferent nerve pathway includes the pelvic parasympathetic cholinergic vasodilator nerves. Furthermore, we briefly summarize vasodilative regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow via a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induced by antidromic activation of group IV somatic afferent nerves. These findings in healthy but anesthetized animals may be applicable to understanding the neural mechanisms improving blood flow in various organs following clinical acupuncture.

Quali alterazioni dell’esame urine possono preludere ad un interessamento renale della malattia di Fabry

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Sandro Feriozzi ◽  
Mario Mangeri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Early Indicator ◽  
Cellular Inclusions ◽  
Laboratory Assay

The markers of renal involvement in Anderson-Fabry disease are defects of urine concentration, presence of cells with lipid cytoplasmatic inclusions (mulberry bodies) and podocyturia. The loss of urine concentrating capacity is not easy to detect and the search for cellular inclusions is a complex technique. Moreover, none of the markers has any clear correlation with the stage of the disease. The occurrence of podocytes in the urine (podocyturia) correlates with both renal involvement and clinical outcome; therefore, podocyturia seems to be a promising early indicator of nephropathy. However, a common agreement on the laboratory assay used to measure is still needed.

Sodium Regulation in the Amphipod Gammarus Duebeni Lilljeborg form Freshwater Localities in Ireland

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-358
Author(s):  
D. W. SUTCLIFFE ◽  
J. SHAW
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Fresh Waters ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Sodium Regulation

1. A quantitative study of sodium influx and loss was made on populations of Gammarus duebeni obtained from four freshwater localities in Ireland. 2. Characteristic features of sodium regulation in animals from the four localities were as follows, (a) The sodium influx increases gradually with increasing external sodium concentrations, but a maximum (saturation) level is abruptly reached at an external concentration of 1-2 mM/l. and the transporting system is half saturated at about 0.5 mM/l. sodium, (b) Over the range of sodium concentrations found in fresh waters a low rate of sodium uptake is sufficient to balance sodium losses at concentrations down to between 0.5 and 0.25 mM/l. At lower concentrations the influx is increased and the loss rate is reduced. (c) Calculations suggest that hypotonic urine containing approximately 40 mM/l sodium is produced at external concentrations ranging from fresh water to 40 % sea water. At external concentrations below 0.25 mM/l. sodium the urine concentration is probably reduced to well below 40 mM/l. sodium. 3. A detailed comparison is made of sodium regulation at external concentrations ranging between 0.07 and 1 mM/l. sodium in G. duebeni from fresh water in Ireland and from fresh water and brackish water in Britain. It is suggested that G. duebeni in Ireland constitutes a distinct physiological race adapted for living in fresh waters with relatively low sodium concentrations.

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