scholarly journals Gender Disparity in HIV Prevalence: A National-Level Analysis of the Association between Gender Inequality and the Feminisation of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (0) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Harris ◽  
Victoria Hosegoode ◽  
Andrew A Channon
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
National Level ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals TREND ANALYSIS OF HIV PREVALENCE IN THE HOHOE MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA, FROM 2013 TO 2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
Mark Arhin ◽  
◽  
Cecil Kwaku Dovia ◽  
Cosmos Agbe K Todoko ◽  
David Tsitu Agbeko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Age Group ◽  
District Health ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is known as one of the leading causes of death in the world. About 36.7 million people lived with HIV (including 1.8 million children), and about 1.0 million people died of HIV-related illnesses in 2016. About 25.5 million morbidities of HIV/AIDS were recorded in Sub-Saharan Africa. While more than 50% of new infections among children have been reduced, there is a significant rise of HIV new infection among young adults and adolescents. HIV new infections in Ghana was 20,148 in 2016, as compared to 12,000 in 2015. Volta region is one of the leading regions of HIV in Ghana, with 2.7% of new infections. This study aimed at determining the trends of HIV/AIDS prevalence among males and females, age groups and the urban and rural areas in the Hohoe Municipality from 2013 to 2017. A retrospective survey on HIV prevalence for 5 years (2013-2017) was carried out. Data were extracted from the HIV/AIDS unit database in the Hohoe Municipal Hospital from 2013 to 2017. The Stata version 14 by Stata Corp (LP, Texas, USA) was used to analyse the data for the study. The data were compared with District Health Information Management System (DHIMS 2) data to check accuracy and consistency. Excel 2013 was used to plot the actual observed cases by year to assess their trend and seasonality. Most of the people who routinely go to the facility to test for HIV from 2013 to 2017 represent 59.8% regardless of location. People within the age group 25-34 have the highest number of people tested for HIV, 1883 (29%). The overall number of female HIV positives (685) over the five years is more than twice that of the male figures (321). The findings indicate that HIV was higher (4.6% and 4.5%) among age groups 45+ and 35-44, respectively. Age groups 15-24 recorded the lowest prevalence, 1.1%. This study found that people in the rural areas who were tested are less likely to be HIV infected (OR = 0.1) than urban residents. This study shows that HIV prevalence among the sexually active age group was 7.6%.

Gender and Development: Where are the Men?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Mason
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Gender And Development ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Men's Issues ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
United Nation ◽  
Hiv Aids

This presentation will focus on men, masculinities and the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Southern Africa. As the interest in gender and development in Africa increases among experts in the development field, men have been increasingly left out of the discourse. Given the severity of gender inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa, focus on women is necessary. However, due to the prevalence of issues such as violence and HIV/AIDS prevalence among men, masculinity as a social construct must be given appropriate attention. In 2000, The United Nation Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS launched a World AIDS Day campaign called “AIDS: Men Make a Difference”. A UNAIDS March 2000 report acknowledged the importance of working with men to halt the HIV/AIDS pandemic due to “cultural beliefs and expectations [which] heighten men’s vulnerability” to HIV/AIDS. Similarly, scholars have recently taken interest in the intersection between masculinity and HIV/AIDS. This presentation will provide an overview of the exclusion of men’s issues in development and the reasons why we need to start paying attention to masculinity as a gendered construct.

scholarly journals Risk factors for HIV/AIDS in a low HIV prevalence site of sub-Saharan Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Croce ◽  
Paolo Fedeli ◽  
Mohamed Dahoma ◽  
Lorenzo Dehò ◽  
Mahdi Ramsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals INTERDEPENDENCY BETWEEN ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND HIV PREVALENCE IN COUNTRIES OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Lubica Zubalova ◽  
Kristina Drienikova ◽  
Ludmila Smakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

The HIV/AIDS threat, as a development obstacle in the underdeveloped world, has persisted for years. Globally, 37.9 million people are HIV positive and the majority, or 70% of them, live in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region with insufficient resources to fight the infection. HIV infection, if it progresses to AIDS, reduces labor force, decreases productivity, increases costs of health services and thus has a negative impact on a country’s economic performance. The research presented in the paper analyzed HIV prevalence and GDP per capita of all SubSaharan countries, disproving the initial hypothesis that the highest HIV prevalence is found among the poorest counties. Paradoxically, HIV incidence is higher in countries with higher middle income like Botswana and the Republic of South Africa. Of the ten most affected countries, only four are ranked in the least developed category. Inverse dependency between the rate of Human Development Index and HIV prevalence, examined using the regression model in the gretl statistical software, was not confirmed and thus high HIV prevalence in population does not automatically lead to extreme poverty. HIV and AIDS form one of several factors affecting economic development of the region of Sub-Saharan Africa. The main aim of the paper is to assess the influence of HIV/AIDS on the economic development of Sub-Saharan nations, using the OLS regression model in gretl, interdependency between the economic performance of a country (GDP per capita) and HIV prevalence in its active population (aged 15–45) to find out whether HIV is among the major factors negatively affecting development in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Pandemics and Burden of Stroke and Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Experience from a Longstanding Health Programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2766
Author(s):  
Massimo Leone ◽  
Fausto Ciccacci ◽  
Stefano Orlando ◽  
Sandro Petrolati ◽  
Giovanni Guidotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Programme ◽  
Excess Deaths ◽  
Hiv Aids

Eighty percent of people with stroke live in low- to middle-income nations, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where stroke has increased by more than 100% in the last decades. More than one-third of all epilepsy−related deaths occur in SSA. HIV infection is a risk factor for neurological disorders, including stroke and epilepsy. The vast majority of the 38 million people living with HIV/AIDS are in SSA, and the burden of neurological disorders in SSA parallels that of HIV/AIDS. Local healthcare systems are weak. Many standalone HIV health centres have become a platform with combined treatment for both HIV and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), as advised by the United Nations. The COVID-19 pandemic is overwhelming the fragile health systems in SSA, and it is feared it will provoke an upsurge of excess deaths due to the disruption of care for chronic diseases such as HIV, TB, hypertension, diabetes, and cerebrovascular disorders. Disease Relief through Excellent and Advanced Means (DREAM) is a health programme active since 2002 to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS and related disorders in 10 SSA countries. DREAM is scaling up management of NCDs, including neurologic disorders such as stroke and epilepsy. We described challenges and solutions to address disruption and excess deaths from these diseases during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

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