scholarly journals Cellular Uptake, DNA Binding and Apoptosis Induction of Cytotoxic Trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)(Isopropylamine)] in A2780cisR Ovarian Tumor Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Pérez ◽  
Eva I. Montero ◽  
Adoración G. Quiroga ◽  
Miguel A Fuertes ◽  
Carlos Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Resistant Cell Line ◽  
Platinum Compound ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molecular Cell Biology ◽  
Ovarian Tumor Cells

Trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)(isopropylamine)] is a novel trans-platinum compound that shows cytotoxic activity in several cisplatin resistant cell lines. The aim of this paper was to analyse, by means of molecular cell biology techniques and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF), the cytotoxic activity, the induction of apoptosis, the cellular uptake and the DNA binding of trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)(isopropylamine)] in the cisplatin resistant cell line A2780cisR. The results show that this drug is more cytotoxic and induces a higher amount of apoptotic cells than cisplatin in A2780cisR cells. However, the intracellular accumulation and extent of binding to DNA of trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)( isopropylamine)] is lower than that of cis-DDP. Moreover, trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)(isopropylaminae)] is partially inactivated by intracellular levels of glulathione. The result suggest that circumvention of ciplatin resistance by trans-[PtCl2(N,N-dimethylamine)(isopropylamine)] in A2780cisR cells might be related with the ability of this drug to induce apoptosis.

scholarly journals A Soluble Factor Secreted by an HIV-1-Resistant Cell Line Blocks Transcription through Inactivating the DNA-Binding Capacity of the NF-κB p65/p50 Dimer

2005 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 2548-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lesner ◽  
Yuchang Li ◽  
Jadwiga Nitkiewicz ◽  
Guanhua Li ◽  
Alex Kartvelishvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Resistant Cell Line ◽  
Soluble Factor ◽  
Hiv 1

Application of FRAP and digitized fluorescence microscopy to problems in cell membrane dynamics

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
K. Jacobson ◽  
A. Ishihara ◽  
B. Holifield ◽  
F. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Membrane Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Cell Biology ◽  
Image Averaging ◽  
Single Living Cells ◽  
Single Living

Our laboratory is concerned with understanding the dynamic structure of the plasma membrane with particular reference to the movement of membrane constituents during cell locomotion. In addition to the standard tools of molecular cell biology, we employ both fluorescence recovery after photo- bleaching (FRAP) and digitized fluorescence microscopy (DFM) to investigate individual cells. FRAP allows the measurement of translational mobility of membrane and cytoplasmic molecules in small regions of single, living cells. DFM is really a new form of light microscopy in that the distribution of individual classes of ions, molecules, and macromolecules can be followed in single, living cells. By employing fluorescent antibodies to defined antigens or fluorescent analogs of cellular constituents as well as ultrasensitive, electronic image detectors and video image averaging to improve signal to noise, fluorescent images of living cells can be acquired over an extended period without significant fading and loss of cell viability.

Defects of Platelet Function Recognized by X-Ray Imaging and Scanning Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
M.G. Baldini ◽  
S. Morinaga ◽  
D. Minasian ◽  
R. Feder ◽  
D. Sayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Scanning Electron

Contact X-ray imaging is presently developing as an important imaging technique in cell biology. Our recent studies on human platelets have demonstrated that the cytoskeleton of these cells contains photondense structures which can preferentially be imaged by soft X-ray imaging. Our present research has dealt with platelet activation, i.e., the complex phenomena which precede platelet appregation and are associated with profound changes in platelet cytoskeleton. Human platelets suspended in plasma were used. Whole cell mounts were fixed and dehydrated, then exposed to a stationary source of soft X-rays as previously described. Developed replicas and respective grids were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

scholarly journals Genomic Adaption and Mutational Patterns in a HaCaT Subline Resistant to Alkylating Agents and Ionizing Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Reinhard Ullmann ◽  
Benjamin Valentin Becker ◽  
Simone Rothmiller ◽  
Annette Schmidt ◽  
Horst Thiermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Resistant Cell Line ◽  
Chromosomal Translocations ◽  
Dna Copy Number ◽  
Mutational Signatures ◽  
Copy Number Changes ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that can damage DNA via alkylation and oxidative stress. Because of its genotoxicity, SM is cancerogenic and the progenitor of many chemotherapeutics. Previously, we developed an SM-resistant cell line via chronic exposure of the popular keratinocyte cell line HaCaT to increasing doses of SM over a period of 40 months. In this study, we compared the genomic landscape of the SM-resistant cell line HaCaT/SM to its sensitive parental line HaCaT in order to gain insights into genetic changes associated with continuous alkylation and oxidative stress. We established chromosome numbers by cytogenetics, analyzed DNA copy number changes by means of array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array CGH), employed the genome-wide chromosome conformation capture technique Hi-C to detect chromosomal translocations, and derived mutational signatures by whole-genome sequencing. We observed that chronic SM exposure eliminated the initially prevailing hypotetraploid cell population in favor of a hyperdiploid one, which contrasts with previous observations that link polyploidization to increased tolerance and adaptability toward genotoxic stress. Furthermore, we observed an accumulation of chromosomal translocations, frequently flanked by DNA copy number changes, which indicates a high rate of DNA double-strand breaks and their misrepair. HaCaT/SM-specific single-nucleotide variants showed enrichment of C > A and T > A transversions and a lower rate of deaminated cytosines in the CpG dinucleotide context. Given the frequent use of HaCaT in toxicology, this study provides a valuable data source with respect to the original genotype of HaCaT and the mutational signatures associated with chronic alkylation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Crystal Structure, DFT Studies and Molecular Docking of 3-Amino-1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Menna El Gaafary ◽  
Tatiana Syrovets ◽  
Hany M. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed A. Elhenawy ◽  
Ahmed M. El-Agrody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
X Ray

The target compound 3-amino-1-(2,5-d ichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]-chromene-2-carbonitrile (4) was synthesized via a reaction of 6-methoxynaphthalen-2-ol (1), 2,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (2), and malononitrile (3) in ethanolic piperidine solution under microwave irradiation. The newly synthesized β-enaminonitrile was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction data. Its cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three different human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and MIA PaCa-2 in comparison to the positive controls etoposide and camptothecin employing the XTT cell viability assay. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface was utilized to visualize the reliability of the crystal package. The obtained results confirmed that the tested molecule revealed promising cytotoxic activities against the three cancer cell lines. Furthermore, theoretical calculations (DFT) were carried out with the Becke3-Lee-Yang-parr (B3LYP) level using 6-311++G(d,p) basis. The optimization geometry for molecular structures was in agreement with the X-ray structure data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the studied system was discussed. The intermolecular-interactions were studied through analysis of the topological-electron-density(r) using the QTAIM and NCI methods. The novel compound exhibited favorable ADMET properties and its molecular modeling analysis showed strong interaction with DNA methyltransferase 1.

scholarly journals Versatile CRISPR/Cas9 Systems for Genome Editing in Ustilago maydis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Sarah-Maria Wege ◽  
Katharina Gejer ◽  
Fabienne Becker ◽  
Michael Bölker ◽  
Johannes Freitag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Ustilago Maydis ◽  
Genomic Locus ◽  
Targeted Gene Deletion ◽  
Molecular Cell Biology

The phytopathogenic smut fungus Ustilago maydis is a versatile model organism to study plant pathology, fungal genetics, and molecular cell biology. Here, we report several strategies to manipulate the genome of U. maydis by the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. These include targeted gene deletion via homologous recombination of short double-stranded oligonucleotides, introduction of point mutations, heterologous complementation at the genomic locus, and endogenous N-terminal tagging with the fluorescent protein mCherry. All applications are independent of a permanent selectable marker and only require transient expression of the endonuclease Cas9hf and sgRNA. The techniques presented here are likely to accelerate research in the U. maydis community but can also act as a template for genome editing in other important fungi.

Interleukin-11: Review of Molecular, Cell Biology, and Clinical Use

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 3897-3908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunxiang Du ◽  
David A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Molecular Cell Biology ◽  
Interleukin 11
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