scholarly journals Decreased Expression Of apM1 in Omental and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Humans With Type 2 Diabetes

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Statnick ◽  
Lisa S. Beavers ◽  
Laura J. Conner ◽  
Helena Corominola ◽  
Dwayne Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

We have screened a subtracted cDNA library in order to identify differentially expressed genes in omental adipose tissue of human patients with Type 2 diabetes. One clone (#1738) showed a marked reduction in omental adipose tissue from patients with Type 2 diabetes. Sequencing and BLAST analysis revealed clone #1738 was the adipocyte-specific secreted protein gene apM1 (synonyms ACRP30, AdipoQ, GBP28). Consistent with the murine orthologue, apM1 mRNA was expressed in cultured human adipocytes and not in preadipocytes. Using RT-PCR we confirmed that apM1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in omental adipose tissue of obese patients with Type 2 diabetes compared with lean and obese normoglycemic subjects. Although less pronounced, apM1 mRNA levels were reduced in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Type 2 diabetic patients. Whereas the biological function of apM1 is presently unknown, the tissue specific expression, structural similarities to TNFα and the dysregulated expression observed in obese Type 2 diabetic patients suggest that this factor may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes.

Adiponectin expression in adipose tissue is reduced in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (2) ◽  
pp. E443-E448 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Lihn ◽  
T. Østergård ◽  
B. Nyholm ◽  
S. B. Pedersen ◽  
B. Richelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Adiponectin Mrna ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Adiponectin is suggested to be an important mediator of insulin resistance. Therefore, we investigated the association between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in 22 healthy first-degree relatives (FDR) to type 2 diabetic patients and 13 matched control subjects. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were taken before and after a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. FDR subjects were insulin resistant, as indicated by a reduced Mvalue (4.44 vs. 6.09 mg · kg−1· min−1, P < 0.05). Adiponectin mRNA expression was 45% lower in adipose tissue from FDR compared with controls ( P < 0.01), whereas serum adiponectin was similar in the two groups (6.4 vs. 6.6 μg/ml, not significant). Insulin infusion reduced circulating levels of adiponectin moderately (11–13%) but significantly in both groups ( P < 0.05). In the control group, adiponectin mRNA levels were negatively correlated with fasting insulin ( P < 0.05) and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity ( P < 0.05). In contrast, these associations were not found in the FDR group. In conclusion, FDR have reduced adiponectin mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue but normal levels of circulating adiponectin. Adiponectin mRNA levels are positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in control subjects but not in FDR. These findings indicate dysregulation of adiponectin gene expression in FDR.

scholarly journals Apelin and APJ regulation in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic mice and humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. E1161-E1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Dray ◽  
Cyrille Debard ◽  
Jennifer Jager ◽  
Emmanuel Disse ◽  
Danièle Daviaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Apelin, an adipocyte-secreted factor upregulated by insulin, is increased in adipose tissue (AT) and plasma with obesity. Apelin was recently identified as a new player in the control of glucose homeostasis. However, the regulation of apelin and APJ (apelin receptor) expression in skeletal muscle in relation to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes is not known. Thus we studied apelin and APJ expression in AT and muscle in different mice models of obesity and in type 2 diabetic patients. In insulin-resistant high-fat (HF)-fed mice, apelin and APJ expression were increased in AT compared with control. This was not the case in AT of highly insulin-resistant db/ db mice. In skeletal muscle, apelin expression was similar in control and HF-fed mice and decreased in db/ db mice. APJ expression was decreased in both HF-fed and db/ db mice. Control subjects and type 2 diabetic patients were subjected to a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and tissues biopsies were obtained before and at the end of the clamp. There was no significant difference in basal apelin and APJ expression in AT and muscle between control and diabetic patients. However, apelin plasma levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients. During the clamp, hyperinsulinemia increased apelin and APJ expression in AT of control but not in diabetic subjects. In muscle, only APJ mRNA levels were increased in control but also in diabetic patients. Taken together, these data show that apelin and APJ expression in mice and humans is regulated in a tissue-dependent manner and according to the severity of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Reduced mRNA and Protein Expression of Perilipin A and G0/G1 Switch Gene 2 (G0S2) in Human Adipose Tissue in Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. E1348-E1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Nielsen ◽  
Ulla Kampmann ◽  
Roni R. Nielsen ◽  
Niels Jessen ◽  
Lotte Ørskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Withdrawal ◽  
Perilipin A ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Context: Increased lipolysis and free fatty acid (FFA) levels contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of chronic and acute insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Objective: Our objective was to test whether increased lipolysis and FFA levels induced by insulin withdrawal are accompanied by increased adipose tissue (AT) contents of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and/or altered intracellular ATGL regulation. Design and Participants: Nine patients with type 2 diabetes were examined twice in a randomized crossover design after 16 h of 1) hyperglycemia/insulin withdrawal and 2) euglycemia/insulin infusion. Blood samples were drawn and a sc abdominal AT biopsy was obtained. Setting: The study was conducted at a university hospital research unit. Results: Circulating glucose (7.2 ± 0.3 vs. 11.2 ± 0.8 mmol/liter) and FFA (0.51 ± 0.05 vs. 0.65 ± 0.04 mmol/liter) were increased and insulin levels decreased after insulin withdrawal. AT ATGL protein tended to be increased (P = 0.075) after insulin withdrawal; by contrast, AT protein and mRNA content of perilipin A (Plin) and G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2), known negative regulators of ATGL activity, were decreased by 20–30% (all P values &lt;0.03). All measured parameters related to hormone-sensitive lipase remained unaffected. Conclusions: We found reduced mRNA and protein content of Plin and G0S2 and borderline increased ATGL protein in sc AT from poorly controlled type 2 diabetic subjects. This suggests that increased ATGL activity may contribute to the elevated lipolysis and circulating FFA levels in acute insulin withdrawal and metabolic dysregulation in type 2 diabetic patients and that this mechanism may be modifiable.

scholarly journals Impact of a Booklet about Diabetes Genetic Susceptibility and Its Prevention on Attitudes towards Prevention and Perceived Behavioral Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Eiko Sato ◽  
Ryota Ochiai ◽  
Taiga Shibayama ◽  
Keiko Kazuma
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Patient’S View ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Information on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention should be supplied to the offspring.Methods. A six-page booklet on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention was distributed to 173 patients who ere ordered to hand it to their offspring. The patients answered a self-administered questionnaire on booklet delivery and attitudinal and behavioral changes toward diabetes and its prevention in themselves and their offspring.Results. Valid responses were obtained from 130 patients. Forty-nine patients had actually handed the booklet. Booklet induces more relief than anxiety. From the patient's view, favorable attitudinal and/or behavioral changes occurred in more than half of the offspring who were delivered the booklet.Conclusion. The booklet worked effectively on attitudes and behaviors toward diabetes and its prevention both in patients and their offspring. However, the effectiveness of patients as information deliverers was limited.

Awareness of Complications in Diabetic Patients - Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 3334-3338
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common in the Indian population and awareness regarding the disease and its complications is low among the patients with diabetes. There is lack of studies regarding awareness of complications of diabetes among type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic complications among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This is an institutional based observational study. The sample comprised of 150 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent treatment in the Department of Medicine, Medical College Kottayam and the patient’s age ranged from 18 - 77 years. RESULTS Majority of patients were in the age group 38 to 57 and the sample comprised of 56 % males and 44 % female patients. Out of 150 patients involved in the study, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Among the male patients, 70 (83.33 %) and among females, 50 (75.75 %) were aware of the complications in diabetes. In the study sample, 92 (61.33 %) were aware of the foot problems, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of renal complications, 91 patients were aware regarding eye problems of diabetes, 38 (25.33 %) regarding development of hypertension, 62 (41.33 %) regarding heart attack, 42 (28 %) patients were aware regarding development of stroke and 78 patients (52 %) had awareness regarding occurrence of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS Awareness regarding diabetes and its complications is fairly good among the diabetic patients in Kerala. Awareness regarding all complications of diabetes was higher among males than females. Providing awareness to type 2 diabetic patients by various educational programs may be of further help to prevent complications and to decrease the mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients. KEYWORDS Awareness, Diabetes

scholarly journals Increased Urine IgM and IgG2Levels, Indicating Decreased Glomerular Size Selectivity, Are Not Affected by Dalteparin Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Torffvit ◽  
Majid Kalani ◽  
Jan Apelqvist ◽  
Björn Eliasson ◽  
Jan W. Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Size Selectivity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Glomerular Size ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients with neuroischemic foot ulcers were randomised to treatment with 5000 IU of dalteparin, (n=28), or physiological saline, (n=26), once daily until ulcer healing or for a maximum of 6 months. Thirty-three patients had normo-, 15 micro-, and 6 macroalbuminuria. The urinary levels of IgM and IgG2were elevated in 47 and 50 patients, respectively. Elevated urinary levels of IgM and IgG2indicate decreased glomerular size selectivity. Urine IgM levels were associated with IGF-1/IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-1 levels. Dalteparin treatment increased urinary levels of glycosaminoglycans (P<0.001) and serum IGFBP-1 (P<0.05) while no significant effects were seen in any of the other studied parameters. In conclusion, dalteparin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes had no effects on urinary levels of albumin, IgM, or IgG2despite significantly increased glycosaminoglycans in urine. Elevated urinary levels of IgM and IgG2might be more sensitive markers of renal disease than albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and antihypertensive therapy.

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